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Fire

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Displaying 2151 - 2175 of 3910

Energy Dissipation Devices for Bridges with Steel Superstructures

April 1, 2003
Author(s)
Michael A. Riley
Recent earthquakes have clearly demonstrated the seismic vulnerability of bridges constructed with steel superstructures. The relative flexibility of these bridges, especially in the transverse direction, may result in overstressing or even failure of

Experimental Testing of Roof to Wall Connections in Wood Frame Houses

April 1, 2003
Author(s)
Michael A. Riley, Fahim H. Sadek
The majority of residential construction in the United States is wood-frame construction. These buildings perform well under gravity loads, but considerable damage has been observed in such structures after significant earthquakes and major hurricanes

Flame Retardant Mechanism of Silica - Effects of Molecular Weight of Resin

April 1, 2003
Author(s)
Takashi Kashiwagi, John R. Shields, Richard H. Harris Jr., Rick D. Davis
The effects of resin molecular weight, M w, on the flame retardant mechanism of silica were studied using two different molecular weights of PMMA, 122,000 g/mol and 996,000 g/mol and two silicas, fused silica with a low surface area and silica gel with a

LoopDA-Natural Ventilation Design and Analysis Software

April 1, 2003
Author(s)
William S. Dols, Steven J. Emmerich
The Loop Equation Design Method has been proposed for sizing ventilation airflow components of natural and hybrid ventilation systems. While the approach has been demonstrated on a limited basis, the method has been automated in order to better evaluate

Smoke Component Yields From Room-Scale Fire Tests (NIST TN 1453)

April 1, 2003
Author(s)
Richard G. Gann, Jason D. Averill, Erik L. Johnsson, Marc R. Nyden, Richard D. Peacock
This report presents the methodology for and results from a series of room-scale fire tests to produce data on the yields of toxic products in both pre-flashover and post-flashover fires. The combustibles examined were: a sofa made of upholstered cushions

Ultrasonic Evaluation Methods Applicable to Polymer Concrete Composites

April 1, 2003
Author(s)
A Garbacz, Edward Garboczi
Polymer composites (PC) appear as useful materials for repair and protection of building structures, as well as for manufacturing pre-cast elements. In the case of pre-cast elements as well as repair materials, the usefulness and durability of polymer

Wind Speeds in ASCE 7 Standard Peak-Gust Map: Assessment

April 1, 2003
Author(s)
Emil Simiu, R Wilcox, Fahim Sadek, James J. Filliben
The ASCE 7 peak-gust map division of the conterminous United States into two adjacent wind speed zones does not reflect correctly the country's differentiated extreme wind climate. The methodology used to develop the map averages out real climatological

Wind Speeds in the ASCE 7 Standard Peak-Gust Map: An Assessment

April 1, 2003
Author(s)
Emil Simiu, R Wilcox, Fahim Sadek, James J. Filliben
The ASCE 7 peak-gust map division of the conterminous United States into two adjacent wind speed zones does not reflect correctly the country's differentiated extreme wind climate. The methodology used to develop the map averages out real climatological

XML for Capital Facilities

April 1, 2003
Author(s)
T L. Teague, Mark E. Palmer, R H. Jackson
Extensible Markup Language (XML) offers a promising enabling technology for improving the execution of capital projects and capital facility life cycle data management. XML provides the most value when industry practitioners agree to use a common

Surface and Interface Properties of UV-Exposed PVDF/PMMA-CO-PEA Blends

March 5, 2003
Author(s)
Xiaohong Gu, Li Piin Sung, D L. Ho, Chris A. Michaels, D Nguyen, Y C. Jean, Tinh Nguyen
The surface and interface of PVDF blended with different amounts of poly (methyl methacrylate) and poly (ethyl acrylate) copolymer (PNMA-co-PEA) have been investigated before and after exposure to UV light. Dry free films having athickness of approximately

Flame Heights and Heat Release Rates of 1991 Kuwait Oil Field Fires (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
D. D. Evans, Daniel M. Madrzykowski, G A. Haynes
A series of measurements were made in the Al Mawqa/Al Ahmadi oil field region of Kuwait to explore the feasibility of assessing the heat release rate of individual well fires through flame height and thermal radiation measurements. The heat release rate

In Situ Burning of Oil Spills: Mesoscale Experiments and Analysis (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
William D. Walton, D. D. Evans, Kevin B. McGrattan, Howard R. Baum, W H. Twilley, Daniel M. Madrzykowski, Anthony D. Putorti Jr., Ronald G. Rehm, H Koseki, E J. Tennyson
A series of six mesoscale and one large laboratory fire experiments were performed to measure the burning characteristics of Louisiana crude oil on water in a pan. These included one - 6 m square and five - 15 m square mesoscale burns and one - 1.2 m

In-Situ Burning in the Marshland Environment - Recovery and Regrowth of Spartina Alterniflora, Spartina Patens, and Sagittaria Lancifolia Plants

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
I A. Mendelson, Q N. Lin, Nelson P. Bryner, William D. Walton, W H. Twilley, J V. Mullin
In a series of in-situ burns involving 330 plant mesocosms, including Spartina Alterniflora, Spartina Patens, Distichlis spicata, and Sagittaria Lancifolia sods were exposed to burning diesel fuel or crude oil. Oil spilled in sensitive wetlands pose unique

In-Situ Burning in the Marshland Environment - Soil Temperatures Resulting From Crude Oil and Diesel Fuel Burns (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
Nelson P. Bryner, William D. Walton, W H. Twilley, G Roadarmel, I. A. Mendelssohn, J. V. Mullin
A series of burns was conducted to evaluate the impact of intentional burning of an oil spill in a marshland environment. Oil spilled in sensitive wetland environments pose unique problems associated with cleanup because mechanical recovery in wetlands may

In-Situ Burning in the Marshland Environment-Soil Temperatures. Volume 2 (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
Nelson P. Bryner, William D. Walton, Laurean A. DeLauter, W H. Twilley, I. A. Mendelssohn, Q. Lin
A series of burns was conducted to evaluate the impact of intentional burning of an oil spill in a marshland environment. Oil spilled in sensitive wetland environments pose unique problems associated with cleanup because mechanical recovery in wetlands may

In-Situ Burning of Oil Spills: Mesoscale Experiments (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
D. D. Evans, William D. Walton, Howard R. Baum, Kathy A. Notarianni, James R. Lawson, Hai C. Tang, K. R. Keydel, Ronald G. Rehm, Daniel M. Madrzykowski, Richard H. Zile, H Koseki, E J. Tennyson
In 1991 a series of 14 mesoscale fire experiments were performed to measure the burning characteristics of crude oil on salt water. These oil burns in a pan ranged in size from 6 m square to 15 m square. Results of the measurements for burning rate and

Large Fires: Kuwait (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
Daniel M. Madrzykowski, D. D. Evans, G A. Haynes
A series of measurements were made in the Al Mawqa/Al Ahmadi oil field region of Kuwait to explore the feasibility of assessing the heat release rate of individual well fires through flame height and thermal radiation measurements. The 12 fires measured

Literature Review on Enclosure of Elevator Lobbies

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
D W. Stroup
A literature survey was conducted to explore the need and appropriate systems for protecting elevator lobbies from smoke migration. The focus is on smoke spread through elevator shafts and lobbies, building occupant and fire fighter use of elevators during
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