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An experimental apparatus, known as the NIST full scale continuous feed Firebrand Generator (the NIST continuous feed Dragon) is presented. The experiment device presented in this paper is a scaled up version of the recently developed bench scale
Kevin Y. Teichman, Steven J. Emmerich, Andrew K. Persily
In this paper, we review how indoor air quality has been addressed in case studies of high-performing buildings, specifically the case studies described in ASHRAEs High Performing Buildings magazine. We find that nearly all reported case studies of high
Kevin Y. Teichman, Andrew K. Persily, Steven J. Emmerich
In this paper, we review how indoor air quality has been addressed in case studies of high-performing buildings, specifically the case studies described in ASHRAEs High Performing Buildings magazine. We find that nearly all reported case studies of high
Michelle K. Donnelly, Daniel M. Madrzykowski, Anthony D. Putorti Jr.
This exploratory set of experiments investigated the impact of external exposure temperatures on Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) supply air, and the potential for the supply air to be heated when it is subjected to an elevated temperature
This report documents the second phase of a multi-year program called CHRISTIFIRE (Cable Heat Release, Ignition, and Spread in Tray Installations during Fire). The overall goal of the program is to quantify the burning characteristics of grouped electrical
Kuldeep R. Prasad, Thomas G. Cleary, Jiann C. Yang
The study of compressed hydrogen release from high-pressure storage systems has practical application for hydrogen and fuel cell technologies. Such releases may occur either due to accidental damage to a storage tank or connecting piping, or due to failure
Current design approaches to assess the lateral torsional buckling capacity of steel beams in fire are based on the assumption of uniform steel temperature. This paper investigates the effect of temperature gradients on the lateral torsional buckling
This article identifies research needs in automotive fire protection. The work focuses on the problem of post-collision vehicle fires. Recent fire suppression research is cited with special attention given to results cited in the literature as well as
Smokeview is a software tool designed to visualize numerical calculations generated by the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of fire-driven fluid flow. This report documents some of the algorithms Smokeview uses to
Wenjuan Wei, Cynthia H. Reed, Andrew K. Persily, Yinping Zhang
Formaldehyde, which is recognized as a harmful indoor air pollutant for human health, is emitted from urea-formaldehyde resin in wood products. Chamber tests are used to evaluate formaldehyde emission rates from these products. However, there is no
In order to determine the fire resistance of steel members, steel temperatures must be estimated with a high confidence. There can be considerable uncertainty in temperatures of both protected and unprotected steels during fire exposure. This is due to
Douglas S. Thomas, David T. Butry, Jeffrey P. Prestemon
Eighty percent of wildfires are human caused, so it is important for decision makers and land managers to consider the role of prevention activities that minimize the costs and losses of human-caused wildfires. There have been significant efforts aimed at
Jiann C. Yang, William M. Pitts, Marco G. Fernandez, Kuldeep R. Prasad
An experimental apparatus, which was based on the ¿-scale garage previously used for studying helium release and dispersion in our laboratory, was used to obtain effective diffusion coefficients of helium and hydrogen (released as forming gas for safety
Gregory T. Linteris, Nicolas Ball, J. Raynard, Guillermo Rein, Jose L. Torero, M. Forsth, P. Boulet, G. Parent, Z. Acem
Radiative heat transfer to a solid is a key mechanism in fire dynamics, and in-depth absorption is especially of importance for translucent fuels. The sample-heater interaction for radiative heat transfer is experimentally investigated in this study with
Andrew K. Persily, Yanling Wang, Brian J. Polidoro, Steven J. Emmerich
The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) and others are concerned about the hazard of acute residential carbon monoxide (CO) exposures from portable gasoline powered generators that can result in death or serious and/or lasting adverse health
As various strategies for improving building envelope and HVAC equipment efficiencies are increasingly used to reduce building energy use, a greater percentage of energy loss will occur through building envelope leakage. Although the energy impacts of
Samuel L. Manzello, Sayaka Suzuki, Junichi Suzuki, Yoshihiko Hayashi
Firebrand production from a real-scale structure under well-controlled laboratory conditions was investigated. The structure was fabricated using wood studs and oriented strand board (OSB). A sofa was placed inside the structure and ignited using a
Nathan D. Marsh, Richard G. Gann, John R. Shields, Marc R. Nyden
Efforts are underway in several research groups to adapt existing flammability test methods for the determination of yields of toxic compounds such as CO, HCN, and HCl. These include the NFPA 269 / ASTM E 1678 radiant furnace apparatus, the ISO/TS 19700
Limited information exists on what respiratory threats are present in the fire overhaul environment. Hand-held direct-reading particulate detectors have long been used to monitor respiratory threats for industrial hygiene applications. Therefore, it may be
Alexander Maranghides, Derek McNamara, William Mell, Jason Trook, Blaza Toman
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has a suite of research projects addressing risk reduction in Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) communities. The NIST WUI Team was invited by CAL FIRE to collect post incident data from the California
Melissa K. Taylor, Nicholas G. Paulter Jr., Qijun Zhao, Yi Zhang, Anil K. Jain
Fingerprint minutiae are the most important features used by latent fingerprint examiners, as well as in automated fingerprint recognition systems. Hence, understanding the statistical distribution of minutiae is essential in many fingerprint recognition
Paul E. Stutzman, Katherine Aughenbaugh, Maria Juenger
Geopolymer cements have not found widespread use as a portland cement replacement, in part due to the difficulty in proportioning mixtures in a reliable manner. Unlike portland cements, which are mixed with water, geopolymer cements contain caustic
In 1998, NIST published a review of commercial and institutional building airtightness data that found significant levels of air leakage and debunked the myth of the airtight commercial building (Persily 1998). Since then, NIST has expanded and
This paper quantifies the influence of Al2O3 nanoparticles on the pool boiling performance of R134a/polyolester mixtures on a rectangular finned boiling surface. A nanolubricant containing roughly 10 nm diameter Al2O3 nanoparticles of various volume