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Fire

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Displaying 2926 - 2950 of 3902

Evaluation of the External Force Term in the Discrete Boltzmann Equation

November 1, 1998
Author(s)
Nicos Martys, X Shan, H Chen
A representation of the forcing term in the Boltzmann equation based on Hermite expansion of the Boltzmann distribution function in velocity phase space is derived. Based on this description of the forcing term, a systematic comparison of previous Lattice

Performance of a Commerical Hot Water Boiler

November 1, 1998
Author(s)
Cheol D. Park, S T. Liu
In responding to ASHRAE SPC 155P's interest and to provide additional evidence on the envisioned linear relationship between output and input of a boiler under part load conditions, the National Institute of Standards and Technology undertook to conduct a

Fire-Emulator Detector-Evaluation

October 28, 1998
Author(s)
Artur A. Chernovsky, William L. Grosshandler, Thomas G. Cleary, Michael D. Anderson
The performance of a fire detection system is determined as much by its ability to recognize correctly the non-fire state as to sense the presence of a real fire. Common fire detectors respond to particulate matter in the form of smoke from a flaming or

Analytical Study of Residential Buildings With Reflective Roofs

October 1, 1998
Author(s)
Robert R. Zarr
Annual heating (cooling) loads, peak heating (cooling) loads, and exterior roof temperatures for a small compact ranch house are computed using the Thermal Analysis Research Program (TARP) developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology

Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability (BEES)

October 1, 1998
Author(s)
Barbara C. Lippiatt
Buildings significantly alter the environment. According to Worldwatch Institute (1), building construction consumes 40 percent of the raw stone, gravel, and sand used globally, and sand used globally each year, and 25 percent of the virgin wood. Buildings

Dispersed Liquid Agent Fire Suppression Screening Method (NISTIR 6242)

October 1, 1998
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang, Michelle K. Donnelly, N C. Prive, William L. Grosshandler
The recent ban on halon 1301 production (as a result of its ozone depleting potential) has resulted in an extensive search for replacements and alternatives. The applications of fire suppression efficiency screening methods constitute an important aspect

Enhancement of R123 Pool Boiling by the Addition of Hydrocarbons

October 1, 1998
Author(s)
Mark A. Kedzierski
This paper present pool boiling heat transfer data for ten different R123/hydrocarbon mixtures. The data consisted of pool boiling performance of a GEWA-T TM surface for pure R123 and for ten dilute solutions of five different hydrocarbons: (1) pentane, (2

Flammability Studies of Polymer Layered Silicate (Clay) Nanocomposites (NISTIR 6242)

October 1, 1998
Author(s)
Jeffrey W. Gilman, Takashi Kashiwagi, Marc R. Nyden, James E. Brown, C L. Jackson, S M. Lomakin, E P. Giannelis, E Manias
In the pursuit of improved approaches to fire retarding polymers a wide variety of concerns must be addressed, in addition to the flammability issues. First, the low cost of commodity polymers requires that the fire retardant (FR) approach also be of low

Influence of Surface Silica on the Pyrolysis of Silicones (NISTIR 6242)

October 1, 1998
Author(s)
R R. Buch, John R. Shields, Takashi Kashiwagi, Thomas Cleary, Kenneth D. Steckler
Silicones encompass a wide variety of noval materials that find applications in virtually every major industry sector. The dominant polymer in the silicone industry is polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The combustion of long chain PDMS exhibits a low heat

Particle Measurements in Fe(CO)5-Inhibited Flames (NISTIR 6242)

October 1, 1998
Author(s)
M D. Rumminger, Gregory T. Linteris
Since iron pentacarbonyl (Fe(CO)5) is among the most efficient flame inhibitors ever identified, research on flame inhibition by Fe(CO5) was recently started at NIST with the goal of understanding its mechanism. Obtaining a detailed understanding of this

Particulate Entry Lag in Smoke Detectors (NISTIR 6242)

October 1, 1998
Author(s)
Thomas G. Cleary, Artur A. Chernovsky, William L. Grosshandler, Michael D. Anderson
It is well known that smoke detectors do not instantaneously respond to smoke concentration directly outside the detector. The smoke must be transported through the detector housing to a sensing location inside the detector. The sensing time lag is a

Ralph Webb: A Pioneering Proselytizer for Enhanced Heat Transfer

October 1, 1998
Author(s)
Mark A. Kedzierski
Ralph Webb, a pioneer in enhanced heat transfer, proselytizes his field for the economic and technical benefit of industry. His mission has been, and always will be, the promotion of enhanced heat transfer technology. As a result, he has been instrumental

Transient Agent, Recirculating Pool Fire (TARPF) Suppression Screen (NISTIR 6242)

October 1, 1998
Author(s)
William L. Grosshandler, Anthony P. Hamins, Kevin B. McGrattan, Cary Presser
The amount of a gaseous agent required to extinguish fires in full-scale engine nacelle tests varies greatly with the geometry of the fixture and the manner in which the flame is stabilized. It has been observed that if the test is designed to allow fuel

Using Bench Scale Fire Measurements in Large Scale Simulations (NISTIR 6242)

October 1, 1998
Author(s)
Kevin B. McGrattan, Anthony P. Hamins, L G. Blevins
A program is underwat at NIST to develop a numerical field model, referred to as the Industrial Fire Simulator (IFS), to simulate large scale fire phenomena. Because the model is intended to simulate fire flows within buildings whose volumes are on the
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