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Environment

Marine science

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Displaying 76 - 100 of 244

ENVIRONMENTAL METABOLOMICS: NMR TECHNIQUES

December 8, 2013
Author(s)
Myrna Simpson, Dan Bearden
Environmental metabolomics is a rapidly growing area of research, and over the last decade the focus has been on organism responses to various types of environmental stressors (pollutants, nutritional shifts, and global climate change, for example)

The Distribution and Stratification of Persistent Organic Pollutants and Fatty Acids in Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) Blubber

October 1, 2013
Author(s)
Debra Ellisor, William McLellan, Heather Koopman, Wayne E. McFee, Lori Schwacke, John Kucklick
Blubber has been used for decades to monitor the exposure of marine mammals to persistent organic pollutants (POPs). However, little is known regarding POP variability as a function of blubber depth and across the body of the animal. However, such sampling

Persistent Organic Pollutants and Vitamins in Northern Fur Seals (Callorhinus ursinus) Collected from St. Paul Island, Alaska as Part of the Alaska Marine Mammal Tissue Archival Project

August 1, 2013
Author(s)
John Kucklick, Jessica Reiner, Michele M. Schantz, Jennifer Lynch, Jennifer Hoguet, Kate Rimmer, Rebecca Pugh, Jody Rhoderick, Jennifer Ness, Paul R. Becker, Danielle Peterson
Liver and blubber samples from 50 juvenile male northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) were collected on St. Paul Island from four different seal rookeries between 1987 and 2007. Samples were analyzed for vitamins and for both legacy and current-use

Evaluation of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Health During a Superintensive Aquaculture Growout using NMR-based Metabolomics

March 27, 2013
Author(s)
Tracey B. Schock, Dan Bearden, Jessica Duke, Abby Goodson, Daryl Weldon, Jeff Brunson, John Leffler
Success of the shrimp aquaculture industry requires technological advances that increase production and environmental sustainability. Indoor, superintensive, aquaculture systems have been developed that permit year-round production of farmed shrimp at high

Spatial and temporal trends of persistent organic pollutants and mercury in beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from Alaska

January 24, 2013
Author(s)
Jennifer Hoguet, Jessica Reiner, Jennifer Lynch, John Kucklick, Colleen E. Bryan Sallee, Amanda Moors, Rebecca Pugh, Paul R. Becker
Remote locations, such as the Arctic, are often sinks for persistent contaminants which can ultimately bioaccumulate in local wildlife. Assessing temporal contaminant trends in the Arctic is important in understanding whether restrictions on legacy

East versus West: Organic Contaminant Differences in Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis) Eggs from South Carolina, USA and the Gulf of California, Mexico

November 1, 2012
Author(s)
Stacy S. Schuur, Daniel W. Anderson, Patrick G. Jodice, Joyce E. Stuckey
Brown pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) were listed as endangered in the United States in 1970, largely due to reproductive failure and mortality caused by organochlorine contaminants, such as DDT. The southeast population, P.o. carolinensis, was delisted

SEABIRD TISSUE ARCHIVAL AND MONITORING PROJECT: Egg Collections and Analytical Results for 2006-2009

August 2, 2012
Author(s)
Stacy S. Schuur, Paul R. Becker, Sylvain Berail, Russell D. Day, Olivier F. Donard, Keith A. Hobson, Amanda J. Moors, Rebecca S. Pugh, Lauren B. Rust, David G. Roseneau
Since 1999, the Seabird Tissue Archival and Monitoring Project (STAMP) has collected, banked, and analyzed seabird eggs using established protocols to monitor chlorinated pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), brominated flame retardants, and

Interlaboratory Comparison Study to Support the Deepwater Horizon Natural Resource Damage Assessment: Description and Results for QA11Blood01- PAHs, PAH Metabolites, and DOSS in Solution and Blood

July 12, 2012
Author(s)
John R. Kucklick, Michele M. Schantz
To support natural resource damage assessment (NRDA) in response to the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, a large number of samples were collected from protected species including marine mammals and sea turtles. Analysis of these

Identification of Isethionic Acid and Other Small Molecule Metabolites of Fragilariopsis cylindrus with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

July 8, 2012
Author(s)
Dan Bearden, Arezue F. Boroujerdi, Peter A. Lee, Giacomo R. DiTullio, Michael G. Janech, Sarah B. Vied
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-spectroscopy has been used to obtain metabolic profiles of the polar diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus, leading to the identification of a novel metabolite in this organism. Initial results from an ongoing metabolomics study

Environmental Metabolomics

March 15, 2012
Author(s)
Daniel W. Bearden
The application of metabolomics in the field of environmental science or ecology, which has developed based substantially on NMR spectroscopic approaches, is a fast paced, rapidly developing field which seems to be poised to help re-frame the discussion of

Spatial distribution of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) inferred from stable isotopes and priority organic pollutants

February 15, 2012
Author(s)
Rachel Wilson, John Kucklick, Brian C. Balmer, Randall Wells, Jeffery Chanton, Doug Nowacek
Differences in priority organic pollutants (POPs), analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and stable isotope ratios (δ¹³C, δ³⁴S, and δ¹⁵N; analyzed by isotope ratio-mass spectrometry), divide 77 bottle- nose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from

Anemia, Hypothyroidism and Immune Suppression Associated with Polychlorinated Biphenyl Exposure in Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)

May 25, 2011
Author(s)
John Kucklick, Lori Schwacke, Eric Zolman, Brian C. Balmer, Sylvain De Guise, Clay George, Jennifer Hoguet, Steve Lamb, Milton Levin, J. L. Litz, W E. McFee, Ned Place, Forrest Townsend, Teresa Rowles, Randall Wells, Aleta Hohn
Background: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and other legacy organohalogens are often monitored in marine mammals both to understand health risks for populations of these protected species and as an indication of marine food web contamination. Bottlenose

Bottlenose Dolphins as Indicators of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Waters Along the US East and Gulf of Mexico Coasts

May 15, 2011
Author(s)
John R. Kucklick, Lori Schwacke, Randall S. Wells, Aleta Hohn, Aurore Guichard, Jennifer Yordy, Larry Hansen, Eric Zolman, Rachel Wilson, J. L. Litz, Doug Nowacek, Teresa Rowles, Rebecca S. Pugh, Brian C. Balmer, Carrie Sinclair, Patricia Rosel
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) including legacy POPs (PCBs, chlordanes, mirex, DDTs, HCB, and dieldrin) and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants were determined in 300 blubber biopsy samples from coastal and near shore/estuarine male

Relationship between Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and Ranging Patterns in Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from Coastal Georgia, USA

May 2, 2011
Author(s)
John Kucklick, Brian C. Balmer, Lori Schwacke, Randall Wells, Clay George, Jennifer Hoguet, Suzanne Lane, Anthony Martinez, William McLellan, Patricia Rosel, T K. Rowles, Kate Sparks, Todd Speakman, Eric Zolman, D A. Pabst
Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) are apex predators and common in coastal southeastern U.S. waters; as such they are indicators of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in coastal ecosystems. The concentrations of POPs and patterns of specific

Specimen Banking for Marine Animal Health Assessment

November 8, 2010
Author(s)
John R. Kucklick, Rebecca S. Pugh, Paul R. Becker, Jennifer M. Lynch, Russell D. Day, Jennifer Yordy, Amanda J. Moors, Steven J. Christopher, Colleen E. Bryan Sallee, Lori Schwacke, Randall S. Wells, Brian C. Balmer, Aleta Hohn, Teri Rowles
Marine animals are faced with health threats including disease and accumulation of toxic pollutants. There are several efforts in the USA seeking to relate health metrics to the exposure of marine animals to pollution, biotoxins, and disease. The National

SEABIRD TISSUE ARCHIVAL AND MONITORING PROJECT: Project Overview, and Updated Protocols for Collecting and Banking Seabird Eggs

July 29, 2010
Author(s)
Lauren B. Rust, Rebecca S. Pugh, Amanda J. Moors, Stacy S. Schuur, David G. Roseneau, Paul R. Becker
The Seabird Tissue and Archival Monitoring Project (STAMP) is a collaborative effort by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), the Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge (AMNWR), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to

Partitioning of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) between Blubber and Blood of Wild Bottlenose Dolphins: Implications for Biomonitoring and Health

June 15, 2010
Author(s)
Jennifer Yordy, John R. Kucklick, Randall S. Wells, Brian C. Balmer, Lori Schwacke, Teresa Rowles
Biomonitoring of wild cetaceans for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is heavily reliant on concentrations determined in blubber, and there are few data relating blubber concentrations and levels in blood. Matched blubber and plasma samples (n=56) were

Toxicokinetics, tissue-specific distribution and whole body burden of persistent organic pollutants in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)

June 1, 2010
Author(s)
Jennifer Yordy, John R. Kucklick, D A. Pabst, William McLellan, Randall S. Wells, Teresa Rowles
The majority of exposure assessments for free-ranging cetaceans focus on contaminant concentrations measured in blubber, and there are few data for other tissues or the factors governing contaminant distribution between tissues. The goal of this study was

Life history as a source of variation for persistent organic pollutant (POP) patterns in a bottlenose dolphin community resident to Sarasota Bay, FL

April 1, 2010
Author(s)
Jennifer Yordy, John R. Kucklick, Randall S. Wells, Brian C. Balmer, Lori Schwacke, Teresa Rowles
Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) are prone to accumulating complex mixtures of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). While variations in POP patterns have been previously observed for populations separated across regional and fine-scale geographic

Marine Mammal Blubber Reference and Control Materials for Use in the Determination of Halogenated Organic Compounds and Fatty Acids

March 19, 2010
Author(s)
John R. Kucklick, Michele M. Schantz, Rebecca S. Pugh, Barbara J. Porter, Dianne L. Poster, Paul R. Becker, Teresa Rowles, Stefan D. Leigh, Stephen A. Wise
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has a diverse collection of control materials derived from marine mammal blubber, fat, and serum. Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1945 Organics in Whale Blubber was recertified for polychlorinated

Description & Results of the 2007 NIST/NOAA Interlaboratory Comparison Exercise Program for Organic Contaminants in Marine Mammal Tissues

March 1, 2010
Author(s)
John Kucklick, Rebecca Pugh, Aurore Guichard, Michele M. Schantz, Stephen Wise, Teresa Rowles
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), in support of the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administrations Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Program (NOAA/MMHSRP), conducts annual interlaboratory comparison exercises for the

Metabolomic Analysis of Atlantic Blue Crab, Callinectes sapidus, Hemolymph Following Oxidative Stress

January 20, 2010
Author(s)
Tracey Johnston, Dan Bearden, Arezue Boroujerdi, David A. Stancyk, Lindy Thibodeaux, Karen G. Burnett, Louis E. Burnett
The Atlantic blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, is an economically, ecologically and recreationally valuable decapod crustacean that inhabits estuaries along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States. In their natural environment, blue crabs are
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