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Environment

Marine science

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  • Published Date
Displaying 26 - 50 of 244

Trace element proxies and stable isotopes used to identify water quality threats to elkhorn coral (Acropora palmata) at two national parks in St. Croix, USVI

June 11, 2021
Author(s)
Amanda Bayless, Steven Christopher, Jennifer Ness, Charles Barber, Russell D. Day, Cheryl M. Woodley, C. Anna Toline
Chronic biological impairments of reef organisms have been documented at two national parks in St. Croix, USVI. Although several water quality parameters have been out of compliance with USVI water quality criteria, whether these parameters or other

Detection, counting and characterization of nanoplastics in marine bioindicators: a proof of principle study

April 15, 2021
Author(s)
Jeremie Parot, Andrea Valsesia, Jessica Ponti, Dora Mehn, Rita Marino, Daniela Melillo, Samantha Facchetti, Shinichiro N. Muramoto, R Verkouteren, Vincent Hackley, Pascal Colpo
Plastic particulates in the environment pose an increasing concern for regulatory bodies due to their potential risk to higher organisms (including humans) as they enter the food chain. Nanoplastics (pNP) (defined here as smaller than 1 µm) are

Relationship between the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and persistent organic pollutants in sympatric Alaskan seabird (Uria aalge and U. lomvia) eggs between 1999 and 2010

December 31, 2020
Author(s)
Vrinda Kalia, Stacy Schuur, Keith A. Hobson, Howard H. Chang, Lance A. Waller, Steven Hare, Matthew O. Gribble
Although climate change occurs alongside other anthropogenic ecosystem impacts, little is known about how sea-surface temperature variability influences the ecotoxicology of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). We analyzed POP contaminant levels, and

QARTOD - Prospects for Real-Time Quality Control Manuals, How to Create Them, and a Vision for Advanced Implementation

September 28, 2020
Author(s)
Mark Bushnell, Kathleen Bailey, Julie Bosch, Eugene Burger, Jennifer Dorton, Regina Easley, Bob Heitsenrether, Jeff King, Karen Grissom, Mario Tamburri, Julianna Thomas, Christoph Waldmann
The U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) Quality Assurance / Quality Control of Real- Time Oceanographic Data (QARTOD) Project marshaled hundreds of volunteer subject matter experts to identify tests to evaluate real-time data quality by

Evaluation of Graded Levels of Soy Oil as a Fish Oil Replacement in High Soy Protein Feeds for Juvenile Red Drum, Sciaenops ocellatus

June 30, 2020
Author(s)
Tracey B. Schock, Aaron Watson, Michael P. Napolitano, John A. Bowden, Jason Frost, Justin Yost, Michael R. Denson
A 9-week feeding trial was conducted with juvenile red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, to evaluate the use of soy oil as a fish oil replacement. Three primary protein sources (fishmeal - FM, soybean meal - SBM, and soy protein concentrate - SPC) were utilized

New Insights into Female Humpback Whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) Reproductive Endocrinology Revealed by Steroid Hormone Profile Analysis

February 19, 2020
Author(s)
Greta Dalle Luche, Ashley Boggs, John Kucklick, Jasmin Gross, Darryl Hawker, Susan Bengston Nash
The blubber steroid hormone profiles of 52 female humpback whales migrating along the east coast of Australia were investigated for possible seasonal endocrinological changes associated with reproduction. Individuals were randomly sampled in southeast

Blubber steroid hormone profiles as indicators of physiological state in free-ranging common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)

December 31, 2019
Author(s)
Thomas M. Galligan, Ashley Boggs, Brian C. Balmer, Teresa Rowles, Cynthia Smith, Forrest Townsend, Randall Wells, Nicholas Kellar, Eric Zolman, Lori Schwacke
Assessing endocrine health in free-ranging marine mammals can be difficult due to limited access to blood samples, which is the most commonly used sample matrix for endocrine assessment in wildlife. Blubber contains steroid hormones and can be collected

Environmental contaminants in coastal populations: Comparisons with the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and resident dolphins

August 21, 2019
Author(s)
Lorraine C. Backer, Birgit Bolton, Jenny A. Litz, Jennifer Hoguet, Stephanie Kieszak, John Kucklick
Background People living in coastal communities are at risk for exposure to environmental hazards, including legacy chemicals. We can use databases such as NHANES to assess whether contaminants in coastal communities are present in higher levels than in

Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for the quantitation of steroid hormone profiles in blubber from stranded humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae)

July 30, 2019
Author(s)
Greta Dalle Luche, Susan Bengston Nash, John Kucklick, Fletcher M. Mingramm, Ashley Russell
Marine mammal blubber is known to have quantifiable concentrations of steroid hormones and is increasingly chosen as a matrix for the detection of these reproductive and stress biomarkers. Steroid hormones act through complex cascades, often in concert

Towards Sustainable Environmental Quality: Priority Research Questions for North America

July 30, 2019
Author(s)
Anne Fairbrother, Derek Muir, Keith Solomon, Gerald Ankley, Murray Rudd, Alistair Boxall, William Adams, Jennifer Apell, Bonnie Blalock, Sarah Bowman, Linda Campbell, George Cobb, Kristin Connors, David Dreier, Marlene Evans, Carol Henry, Robert Hoke, Magali Houde, Stephen Klaine, Rebecca Klaper, Sigrun Kullik, Roman Lanno, Charles Meyer, Elias Oziolor, Mary Ann Ottinger, Elijah Petersen, Helen Poynton, Pamela Rice, Gabriela Rodriguez-Fuentes, Alan Samel, Joseph Shaw, Jeffrey Steevens, Tim Verslycke, Scott Weir, Peter Wilson, Bryan Brooks
Anticipating, identifying and prioritizing strategic needs represent essential activities by research organizations. When these pursuits engage globally important environment and health goals, including the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals

Remote blubber sampling paired with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for steroidal endocrinology in free-ranging bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)

June 11, 2019
Author(s)
Ashley S. Boggs-Russell, Jared M. Ragland, Eric Zolman, Tracey B. Schock, Jeanine S. Morey, Thomas M. Galligan, Greta Dalle Luche, Brian C. Balmer, Randall S. Wells, John R. Kucklick, Lori Schwacke
Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry allows for the measurement of steroid hormone suites in the blubber of marine mammals. By combining this technology with minimally invasive techniques such as remote biopsy, endocrine profiles can be assessed

A Review of Organotin Contamination in Arctic and Subarctic Regions

May 17, 2019
Author(s)
John Kucklick, MIchael Ellisor
Organotin (OT) compounds are of continued arctic concern as they still widely used despite the most well-studied OT, tributyl tin (TBT), being restricted for use on marine vessels to prevent fouling by marine organisms. The highest OT concentrations found

Examining the Relationships Between Blubber Steroid Hormone and Persistent Organic Pollutant Measurements in Common Bottlenose Dolphins

March 24, 2019
Author(s)
Thomas M. Galligan, Brian C. Balmer, Lori Schwacke, Jennie L. Bolton, Brian M. Quigley, Patricia Rosel, Gina M. Ylitalo, Ashley Russell
In this study, we use remotely collected blubber samples from common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) inhabiting the waters near a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Superfund site with high local DDx concentrations, to study the impacts of DDx

A status of temporal trends of persistent organic pollutants in Arctic biota

February 1, 2019
Author(s)
Frank Riget, Anders Bignert, Birgit Braune, Maria Dam, Rune Dietz, Marlene Evans, Norman Green, Helga Gunnlaugsdottir, Katrin S. Hoydal, John Kucklick, Robert Letcher, Derek Muir, Stacy Schuur, Christian Sonne, Stern Gary, Gregg Tomy, Katrin Vorkamp, Simon Wilson
More than 1000 time-series of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Arctic biota from marine and freshwater ecosystems some extending back to the beginning of 1980s were analyzed using a robust statistical method. The Arctic area encompassed extended

Chronic Debilitation in Stranded Loggerhead Sea Turtles (Caretta caretta) in the Southeastern United States: Morphometrics and Clinicopathological Findings

July 10, 2018
Author(s)
Nicole Stacy, Jennifer Lynch, Michael D. Arendt, Larisa Avens, Joanne Braun McNeill, Carolyn Cray, Russell D. Day, Craig A. Harms, A. M. Lee, Margie Peden-Adams, Kelly Thorvalson, Al L. Segars, Terry Norton
Chronically debilitated loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) (DT) are characterized by emaciation, lethargy, and heavy barnacle coverage. We examined and sampled 43 DTs from North Carolina to Florida for a broad suite of health variables using

Characterization of Circulating Steroid Hormone Profiles in the Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)

July 1, 2018
Author(s)
Thomas M. Galligan, Lori Schwacke, Dorian S. Houser, Randall Wells, Teresa Rowles, Ashley Russell
Circulating steroid hormone concentrations are typically measured by immunoassays, which have imperfect specificity and are limited to the measurement of a single hormone per assay. Here we demonstrate that reverse phase solid phase extraction (SPE)

Validation of ATR FT-IR to identify polymers of plastic marine debris, including those ingested by marine organisms

January 3, 2018
Author(s)
Melissa R. Jung, F. D. Horgen, Sara Orski, Viviana Rodriguez Cardenas, Kathryn Beers, George H. Balazs, T. T. Jones, Thierry M. Work, Kayla C. Brignac, Sarah-Jeanne Royer, K. D. Hyrenbach, Brenda A. Jensen, Jennifer Lynch
Polymer identification of plastic marine debris can help identify its sources, degradation, and fate. We optimized and validated a fast, simple, and accessible technique, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR), to

Halogenated natural products

December 29, 2017
Author(s)
Terry Bidleman, John Kucklick, Henrik Kylin, Robert Letcher, Liisa Jantunen, Fiona Wong
This chapter summarizes the occurrence and fate on HNPs in the arctic physical environment and accumulation processes and presence in arctic biota. Except for halocarbons, there have been few investigations of HNPs in polar environments. Discussions of HNP
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