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Chemistry

Thermochemical properties

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Displaying 301 - 325 of 403

Calculated Performance of Low-Porosity Regenerators at 4 K with He-4 and He-3

June 9, 2008
Author(s)
Ray Radebaugh, Yonghua Huang, Agnes A. O'Gallagher, John M. Gary
Previously we have shown that the lower volumetric heat capacity and more ideal behavior of helium-3 compared with helium-4 at 4 K results in an improved performance for packed sphere regenerators operating with helium-3 between 4 K and about 20 K. In this

Shear Thinning Near the Critical Point of Xenon

April 17, 2008
Author(s)
Robert F. Berg, Michael R. Moldover, M Yao, G A. Zimmerli
We measured shear thinning, a viscosity decrease ordinarily associated with complex liquids, near the critical point of xenon. The data span the range of reduced shear rates: 0.001 < γτ < 700, where γτ is the shear rate scaled by the relaxation time τ of

Measurements of the isochoric heat capacity, the critical point (Tc, pc) and vapor-liquid coexistence curve (Ts, ps) of high-purity toluene near the critical point

January 15, 2008
Author(s)
Ilmutdin Abdulagatov, Nikolai G. Polikhronidi, Thomas J. Bruno, Rabiyat G. Batyrova, Genadii V. Stepanov
Isochoric heat capacities, phase boundary properties and the critical parameters for high purity (0.9999 mole fraction) toluene have been measured using a high temperature, high pressure, nearly constant volume adiabatic calorimeter and quasi-static

An Automated Densimeter for the Rapid Characterization of Industrial Fluids

October 18, 2007
Author(s)
Stephanie L. Outcalt, Mark O. McLinden
An apparatus for the automated measurement of compressed liquid densities over the temperature range of 270 K to 470 K and pressures to 50 MPa is described. The heart of the apparatus is a commercial vibrating tube densimeter. In order to minimize the

Supplementary Backward Equations p(h,s) for the Critical and Supercritical Regions (Region 3), and Equations for the Two-Phase Region and Region Boundaries of the IAPWS Industrial Formulation 1997 for the Thermodynamic Properties of Water and Steam*

October 11, 2007
Author(s)
Allan H. Harvey, J S. Gallagher, H J. Kretzschmar, J R. Cooper, K Knobloch, Radim Mares, K Miyagawa, N Okita, Roland Span, I. Stocker, Wolfgang Wagner, I Weber
In modeling advanced steam power cycles, thermodynamic properties as functions of enthalpy and entropy are required in the critical and supercritical regions (region 3 of IAPWS-IF97). With IAPWS-IF97, these calculations require cumbersome two-dimensional

The third industrial fluid properties simulation challenge

September 7, 2007
Author(s)
F Case, John K. Brennan, Anne M. Chaka, Kerwin Dobbs, Daniel G. Friend, David Frurip, Peter A. Gordon, J Moore, Raymond D. Mountain, J Olson, Richard B. Ross, Martin Schiller, Vincent K. Shen
The third Industrial fluid properties simulation challenge was held from March to September 2006. As in the previous two events, contestants were challenged to predict specific, industrially relevant, properties of fluid systems. Their efforts were judged

Current Status of Thermodynamic Properties of Hydrogen

August 17, 2007
Author(s)
Bryce Jacobson, Jacob W. Leachman, Steven Penoncello, Eric Lemmon
This paper presents a survey of the thermodynamic properties of normal hydrogen and parahydrogen with comparisons of properties calculated using the standard models to available experimental data. Motivated by the fact that the currently accepted standards

Reference Viscosities of H 2 , CH 4 , Ar and Xe at Low Densities

August 1, 2007
Author(s)
E May, Robert F. Berg, Michael R. Moldover
We determined the zero-density viscosity eta of hydrogen, methane and argon in the temperature range 200 K to 400 K, with standard uncertainties of 0.084 % for hydrogen and argon and 0.096 % for methane. These uncertainties are dominated by the uncertainty

Benchmarks for the Third Industrial Fluids Simulation Properties Challenge

June 28, 2007
Author(s)
Peter A. Gordon, Martin Schiller, Chien-Ping Chai Kao, Scott Bair, Daniel G. Friend
We outline the procedures used to establish benchmark physical property data for the Third Industrial Fluids Simulation Challenge. For both challenge problems, this involved measurement of new data. When possible, measurements were compared with published

The Polarizability of Helium and Gas Metrology

June 22, 2007
Author(s)
James W. Schmidt, R Gavioso, E May, Michael R. Moldover
Using a quasi-spherical, microwave cavity resonator, we measured the refractive index of helium to deduce its molar polarizability A ε in the limit of zero density. We obtained (A ε,meas - A ε,theory)/A ε = (-1.8plus or minus} 8.4)× 10 -6, where the

ThermoData Engine (TDE): Software Implementation of the Dynamic Data Evaluation Concept. 2: Equations of State On-Demand and Dynamic Updates over the Web

May 23, 2007
Author(s)
Vladimir Diky, Chris D. Muzny, Eric W. Lemmon, Robert D. Chirico, Michael D. Frenkel
ThermoData Engine (TDE) is the first full-scale software implementation of the dynamic data evaluation concept, as reported recently in this journal. The present paper describes two major software enhancements to TDE: (1) generation of equation of state

EQUATION OF STATE AND THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF HELIUM-3

April 3, 2007
Author(s)
Yonghua Huang, G.B. Chen, V. Arp, Ray Radebaugh
Experimental data of the thermophysical properties of 3He were mined into a searchable database. Equilibrium equations along the vapor-liquid and liquid-solid lines were proposed. A general equation of state for normal fluid 3He based on the Debye specific

First-Principles Calculation of the Air-Water Second Virial Coefficient

April 2, 2007
Author(s)
Allan H. Harvey, Peter H. Huang
Recent theoretical work has produced quantitatively accurate potential-energy surfaces for water with common gases. These pair potentials have been used to calculate cross second virial coefficients with an accuracy superior to that obtained by most

Force transmission errors in magnetic suspension densimeters

April 2, 2007
Author(s)
Mark O. McLinden, R Kleinrahm, W Wagner
We present techniques to determine and compensate for the force transmission error (FTE), including the effects of magnetic fluids, in magnetic suspension densimeters. For a two-sinker densimeter, the forces on the balance are written out for each of the

THE DEBYE FLUID STATE EQUATION

April 2, 2007
Author(s)
V. Arp, Yonghua Huang, Ray Radebaugh, G.B. Chen
We describe a new form of a fluid state equation, based on a conceptual extrapolation from the Debye equation for the specific heat of solid materials. The Debye characteristic temperature, theta, which is nominally a constant for solids, becomes a
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