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Chemistry

Chemical engineering and processing

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Displaying 101 - 125 of 407

Temperature extrapolation of multicomponent grand canonical free energy landscapes

August 7, 2017
Author(s)
Nathan Mahynski, Jeffrey R. Errington, Vincent K. Shen
We derive a method for extrapolating the grand canonical free energy landscape of a multicomponent fluid system from one temperature to another. Previously, we introduced this statistical mechanical framework for the case where kinetic energy contributions

Connection between thermodynamics and dynamics of simple fluids in pores: impact of fluid-fluid interaction range and fluid-solid interaction strength

July 5, 2017
Author(s)
William P. Krekelberg, Daniel W. Siderius, Vincent K. Shen, Thomas M. Truskett, Jeffrey R. Errington
Using molecular simulations, we investigate how the range of fluid-fluid (adsorbate-adsorbate) interactions and the strength of fluid-solid (adsorbate-adsorbent) interactions impact the strong connection between distinct adsorptive regimes and distinct

Jetting of a shear banding fluid in a rectangular duct

March 14, 2017
Author(s)
Paul NMN Salipante, Charles A. Little, Steven D Hudson
We report on a jetting flow instability of shear banding worm-like micelle (WLM) solutions in microfluidic channels with rectangular cross-sections over an intermediate volumetric flow regime. Particle tracking methods are used to measure the three

Communication-Comparison of Nanoscale Focused Ion Beam and Electrochemical Lithiation in beta-Sn Microspheres

December 5, 2016
Author(s)
Saya Takeuchi, William R. McGehee, Jennifer L. Schaefer, Truman M. Wilson, Kevin A. Twedt, Christopher L. Soles, Vladimir P. Oleshko, Eddie H. Chang, Jabez J. McClelland
The development of Li focused ion beams (Li-FIB) enables controlled Li ion insertion into materials with nanoscale resolution. We take the first step toward establishing the relevance of the Li-FIB for studies of ion dynamics in electrochemically active

FINE-TUNING ELECTRICAL FLOW RATE SENSING IN DEFORMABLE CHANNELS

October 9, 2016
Author(s)
Pengfei Niu, Brian J. Nablo, Kiran Bhadriraju, Darwin Reyes-Hernandez
Here we present conclusive proof that when using electrical impedance to measure volumetric flow rate in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microchannels a considerable fraction of the change in impedance, due to change in flow rate, is caused by the variation in

Application of the advanced distillation curve method for the characterization of two alternative transportation fuels prepared from the pyrolysis of polyethylene bags*

September 15, 2016
Author(s)
Thomas J. Bruno, Megan E. Harries, B. K. Sharma, Bidhya Kunwar
The properties of alternative fuels must be evaluated to determine their suitability for use in existing engines, either as blends with conventional petroleum products or as stand-alone substitutions (that is, drop in replacements). Alternative fuels made

Computer-Aided Molecular Design and Selection of CO2 Capture Solvents Based on Thermodynamics, Reactivity and Sustainability

August 10, 2016
Author(s)
Alexandros Chremos, Athanasios Papadopoulos, Sara Badr, Esther Forte, Theodoros Zarogiannis, Panos Seferlis, Stavros Papadokonstantakis, Amparo Galindo, George Jackson, Claire Adjiman
The identification of improved carbon dioxide (CO2) capture solvents remains a challenge due to the vast number of potentially-suitable molecules. We propose an optimization-based computer- aided molecular design (CAMD) method to identify and select, from

Lateral Tip Control Effects in CD-AFM Metrology: The Large Tip Limit

January 25, 2016
Author(s)
Ronald G. Dixson, Ndubuisi Orji, Ryan Goldband
Sidewall sensing in CD-AFMs usually involves continuous lateral dithering of the tip or the use of a control algorithm and fast response piezo actuator to position the tip in a manner that resembles touch-triggering of coordinate measuring machine (CMM)

Metrological challenges for measurements of key climatological observables: Oceanic salinity and pH, and atmospheric humidity. Part 1: overview

December 15, 2015
Author(s)
Rainer Feistel, Robert Wielgosz, Stephanie A. Bell, M F. Camoes, J R. Cooper, P Dexter, A G. Dickson, P Fisicaro, Allan H. Harvey, M Heinonen, Olaf Hellmuth, H J. Kretzschmar, J W. Lovell-Smith, Trevor J. McDougall, R Pawlowicz, S Seitz, Petra Spitzer, D Stoica, H Wolf, P Ridout
Water in its three ambient phases plays the dominant thermodynamic role for the functioning principles of the terrestrial climate system. Together with clouds, water vapour in the atmosphere is the strongest greenhouse gas (followed by clouds and carbon

An Industrial Control System Cybersecurity Performance Testbed

December 10, 2015
Author(s)
Richard Candell, Timothy A. Zimmerman, Keith A. Stouffer
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is developing a cybersecurity performance testbed for industrial control systems. The goal of the testbed is to measure the performance of industrial control systems (ICS) when instrumented with

Uranium removal from seawater by means of polyamide 6 fibers directly grafted with diallyl oxalate through a single-step, solvent-free irradiation process

December 4, 2015
Author(s)
Travis C. Dietz, Claire E. Tomaszewski, Zois Tsinas, Dianne L. Poster, Aaron Barkatt, Mohammad Adel-Hadadi, Fred B. Bateman, Lonnie Cumberland, Erich Schneider, Karen Gaskell, Jay LaVerne, Mohamad Al-Sheikhly
To test the effectiveness of oxalate-based polymeric adsorbents in the recovery of uranium from seawater, diallyl oxalate (DAOx) was grafted onto polyamide 6 fabrics by exposing the fabric, immersed in pure liquid DAOx or in a surfactant stabilized

Noncontact conductivity and dielectric measurement for high throughput roll-to-roll nanomanufacturing

November 23, 2015
Author(s)
Nathan D. Orloff, Christian J. Long, Jan Obrzut, Laurent Millaud, Francesca Mirri, Thomas R. Kole, Robert D. McMichael, Mattei Pasquali, Stephan J. Stranick, James A. Liddle
Advances in roll-to-roll processing of graphene [1] and carbon nanotube [2] have at last led to the continuous production of high-quality coatings and filaments, ushering in a wave of applications for flexible [3], [4] and wearable [5] electronics, woven

MEASURING PRESSURE AND VACUUM WITH LIGHT: A NEW PHOTONIC, QUANTUM-BASED, PRESSURE STANDARD

September 3, 2015
Author(s)
Jay H. Hendricks, Jacob E. Ricker, Jack A. Stone Jr., Patrick F. Egan, Gregory E. Scace, Gregory F. Strouse, Douglas A. Olson, Donavon Gerty
The future of pressure and vacuum measurement will rely on lasers and Fabry-Perot optical cavities, and will be based on fundamental physics of light interacting with a gas. Light interacts at the quantum level with matter such that light travels at a

Quantitative magnetometry of ferromagnetic nanorods by microfluidic analytical magnetophoresis

September 3, 2015
Author(s)
Andrew L. Balk, Lamar O. Mair, Feng Guo, Carlos M. Hangarter, Pramod Mathai, Robert D. McMichael, Samuel M. Stavis, John Unguris
We introduce an implementation of magnetophoresis to measure the absolute magnetization of ferromagnetic nanorods dispersed in fluids, by analyzing the velocity of single nanorods under an applied magnetic field gradient. A microfluidic guideway prevents
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