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Chemistry

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  • Published Date
Displaying 351 - 375 of 1916

A status of temporal trends of persistent organic pollutants in Arctic biota

February 1, 2019
Author(s)
Frank Riget, Anders Bignert, Birgit Braune, Maria Dam, Rune Dietz, Marlene Evans, Norman Green, Helga Gunnlaugsdottir, Katrin S. Hoydal, John Kucklick, Robert Letcher, Derek Muir, Stacy Schuur, Christian Sonne, Stern Gary, Gregg Tomy, Katrin Vorkamp, Simon Wilson
More than 1000 time-series of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Arctic biota from marine and freshwater ecosystems some extending back to the beginning of 1980s were analyzed using a robust statistical method. The Arctic area encompassed extended

Optimization of Folch, Bligh-Dyer, and Matyash Sample-to-Extraction Solvent Ratios for Mammalian Cell- and Plasma-Based Lipidomics Studies

December 11, 2018
Author(s)
John Bowden, Candice Z. Ulmer, Christina Jones, Richard A. Yost, Timothy J. Garrett
In order to investigate changes in the lipidome, analysis by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography - high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) typically requires the extraction of lipid content from sample matrices using optimized, matrix

Compositional Imaging and Analysis of Late Iron Age Glass from the Broborg Vitrified Hillfort, Sweden

October 31, 2018
Author(s)
Jamie Weaver, Scott A. Wight, Carolyn Pearce, John McCloy, Thomas Lam, Rolf Sjoblom, David Peeler, Michael Schweiger, Albert Kruger, Scott Whittaker, Edward Vicenzi
Numerous Iron Age hillforts were constructed throughout Europe on high ground to serve ancient settlements. The edifice walls of a small fraction of hillforts were vitrified as a result of high temperature activity, most likely to reinforce the walls

Innovative Approaches to Combat Healthcare-Associated Infections Using Efficacy Standards Developed Through Industry and Federal Collaboration

October 5, 2018
Author(s)
Dianne L. Poster, Carl C. Miller, Yaw S. Obeng, Michael T. Postek, Troy E. Cowan, Richard A. Martinello
Nation-wide, healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) infect one in every 25 hospital patients, account for more than 100,000 deaths and increase medical costs by around $96-147B, each year. Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) antimicrobial devices are shown to reduce the

Microscopic Identification of Micro-Organisms on Pre-Viking Swedish Hillfort Glass

September 30, 2018
Author(s)
Bruce Arey, Edward Vicenzi, Rolf Sjoblom, Robert Koestler, Paula DePriest, Thomas Lam, David Peeler, John McCloy, Albert Kruger, Jamie Weaver
Borborg Hillfort is a vitrified hillfort located in the Husby-Långhundra parish in Uppland Sweden (Fig. 1A). The site dates to the Great Migration Period, around 740 ± 100 CE. [1]. Two types of glasses have been identified within the ramparts – one that is

On the mechanisms and the characterization of the pulsed electron grafting of styrene onto poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene) to synthesize a polymer electrolyte membrane

September 21, 2018
Author(s)
Byung N. Kim, Alia Weaver, Marina Chumakov, Ileana M. Pazos, Dianne L. Poster, Karen Gaskell, Do H. Han, Gunther Scherer, Michael A. Yandrasits, Byung C. Lee, Mohamad Al-Sheikhly
During the pulsed-electron beam direct grafting of neat styrene onto poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene) (FEP) substrate, the radiolytically-produced styryl and carbon-centered FEP radicals undergo various desired and undesired competing

SEIRAS Study of Chloride Mediated Polyether Adsorption on Cu

August 31, 2018
Author(s)
Thomas P. Moffat, Daniel Josell, Lee J. Richter
Surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (SEIRAS) was used to examine the co- adsorption of a selection of polyethers with Cl- under conditions relevant to superconformal Cu electrodeposition in CuSO4-H2SO4 electrolytes. In 0.1 mol/L H2SO4 a

Bottom-up Filling of Damascene Trenches with Gold in a Sulfite Electrolyte

August 19, 2018
Author(s)
Daniel Josell, Thomas P. Moffat
Superconformal Au deposition is demonstrated in a Na3Au(SO3)2 + Na2SO3 electrolyte including Bi3+. Micromolar additions of the Bi3+ to the electrolyte catalyze the reduction of Au(SO3)23- based on hysteretic voltammetry and rising chronoamperometric

A new realization of SI for organic chemical measurement: NIST PS1 Primary Standard for quantitative NMR (Benzoic Acid)

July 30, 2018
Author(s)
Michael A. Nelson, Jason F. Waters, Blaza Toman, Brian E. Lang, Alexander R?ck, Kathrin Breitruck, Markus Obkircher, Anthony Windust, Katrice A. Lippa
Metrological traceability to common references supports the comparability of chemical measurement results produced by different analysts, at various times, and at separate places. Ideally, these references are realizations of base units of the

Controllable Wide-range n- and p-Doping of Monolayer Group 6 Transition-metal Disulfides and Diselenides

July 30, 2018
Author(s)
Siyuan Zhang, Heather M. Hill, Curt A. Richter, Angela R. Hight Walker, Barlow Stephen, Seth Marder, Christina A. Hacker, Sujitra J. Pookpanratana
Developing processes to controllably dope transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is critical to achieving commercial integration for optical and electrical applications. In this study, molecular reductants and oxidants are introduced onto a series of

An Iterative Qualitative - Quantitative Sequential Analysis Strategy for Electron-Excited X-ray Microanalysis with Energy Dispersive Spectrometry: Finding the Unexpected Needles in the Peak Overlap Haystack

June 20, 2018
Author(s)
Dale E. Newbury, Nicholas Ritchie
When analyzing an unknown by electron-excited energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry with the entire periodic table possibly in play, how does the analyst discover minor and trace constituents when their peaks are overwhelmed by the intensity of an

Final Report for CCQM-K6.2: Determination of Total Cholesterol in Human Serum

June 7, 2018
Author(s)
Stephen Wise, Karen W. Phinney, David L. Duewer
Cholesterol is one of the most frequently measured substances in human blood/serum to assist in assessing the health status of individuals. Because of its clinical significance, CCQM-K6 Determination of Cholesterol in Serum was completed in 2000 as one of

EDS Microanalysis: Pushing the Limits

June 1, 2018
Author(s)
Nicholas Ritchie, Dale E. Newbury, Michael Mengason, Heather Lowers
It is a great time to be a microanalyst. After a few decades of incremental progress in energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), the last decade has seen the accuracy and precision surge forward. Today, the question is not whether EDS is generally

Absence of diffuse double layer effect on the vibrational properties and oxidation of chemisorbed carbon monoxide on a Pt(111) electrode

May 23, 2018
Author(s)
Marta C. Figueiredo, Dennis Hiltrop, Ravishankar Sundararaman, Kathleen Schwarz, Marc Koper
In this work we investigate the effects of the diffuse double layer thickness on the electrochemical Stark tuning and oxidation of carbon monoxide at Pt(111) surfaces in perchloric acid solution. The diffuse double layer thickness was modified by changing
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