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Buildings & Construction

Indoor air quality

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Displaying 251 - 275 of 431

U.S. Commercial Building Airtightness Requirements and Measurements

October 12, 2011
Author(s)
Steven J. Emmerich, Andrew K. Persily
In 1998, Persily published a review of commercial and institutional building airtightness data that found significant levels of air leakage and debunked the “myth” of the airtight commercial building. Since that time, the U.S. National Institute of

Nucleation and Growth of Freshly-Formed Particles from Limonene Ozonolysis

August 30, 2011
Author(s)
Chi P. Hoang, Dong H. Rim, Lance L. Wallace, Andrew K. Persily
In building environments, oxidation reactions involving ozone and terpenoids lead to nano-sized particle formation [Jang et al. 1999]. Low volatility products of these reactions are important and add to particle mass concentrations in air through

Ventilation Measurements in IAQ Studies: Problems and Opportunities

August 30, 2011
Author(s)
Andrew K. Persily, Hal Levin
Building and space ventilation rates are primary determinants of indoor pollutant levels and occupant exposures, and the impacts of ventilation on health and comfort have long been recognized in ventilation standards and regulations. Despite the importance

DIFFUSION-CONTROLLED REFERENCE MATERIAL FOR VOC EMISSIONS TESTING

August 29, 2011
Author(s)
Zhe Liu, Cynthia H. Reed, Steve Cox, John Little
To improve the reliability and accuracy of tests used to measure emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from samples of interior building products, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Virginia Tech (VT) have created a

Modelling Dynamic Aerosol Processes for Indoor Ultrafine Particles

June 5, 2011
Author(s)
Dong H. Rim, Lance L. Wallace, Andrew K. Persily, Jung I. Choi
This study has investigated aerosol transformation processes for four common sources of indoor ultrafine particles (UFP): gas stove, electric stove, candle, and hair dryer. For each of the four UFP sources, the temporal change in particle size distribution

Ultrafine Particles: 3 Years of Measurements in the NIST Test House

June 5, 2011
Author(s)
Lance L. Wallace, Andrew K. Persily, Steven J. Emmerich, Dong H. Rim, Chi P. Hoang, Cynthia H. Reed, Wang Fang, M E. Greene, Jung I. Choi
NIST has supported research characterizing ultrafine particle sources and dynamics for more than a decade. Over 90 % of ultrafine particles (UFP) produced by stovetop cooking on both gas and electric stoves were 10 nm. Using the NIST test house

Volatile Organic Compound Concentrations and Estimation of Optimal Source Strengths to Achieve a High Level of Acceptance Indoors using Multi- Zone Simulation

June 5, 2011
Author(s)
Helena Jarnstrom, William Stuart Dols, Cynthia H. Reed, Andrew K. Persily
This study investigated the possibility of identifying chemical pollutant profiles and concentration levels that result in a high level of acceptance indoors. In addition, a multi-zone simulation tool, CONTAM, developed by the National Institute of

Assessing the shelf-life of a prototype reference material for product emissions testing

May 2, 2011
Author(s)
Cynthia H. Reed, Daniel V. Samarov, Dennis D. Leber, Zhe Liu, John Little
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Virginia Tech (VT) are developing a volatile organic compound (VOC) reference material to validate product emissions chamber testing. To verify the storage method of the material and determine

Inter-laboratory study approach to validate the performance of a prototype reference material for product emissions testing

May 2, 2011
Author(s)
Cynthia H. Reed, Andrew K. Persily, Zhe Liu, Steve Cox, John Little, Wolfgang Horn, Olaf Wilke, Katharina Wiegner
Product emissions chamber testing involves a complex protocol with several sources of measurement uncertainty (ASTM, 2010; ISO, 2006). Despite the potential for significant variability in measurement results within and among laboratories, there is no

ASHRAE Standard 62.2: What is it, whats new, and whos using it

March 25, 2011
Author(s)
Steven J. Emmerich
Readers of the November 2010 IAQ Applications column by Bud Offermann learned about a large, residential IAQ study that highlighted the importance of mechanical ventilation in U.S. homes. ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air

Developing a Diffusive Reference Material for VOC Emissions Testing: Pilot Interlaboratory Study

February 25, 2011
Author(s)
Cynthia H. Reed, Zhe Liu, Jennifer Benning, Steven Cox, Daniel V. Samarov, Dennis D. Leber, Al Hodgson, Stephany Mason, Doyun Won, John C. Little
In order to improve the reliability of product emissions testing and labeling, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Virginia Tech (VT) have created a program to develop reference materials with independently known emission rates
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