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Buildings & Construction

Indoor air quality

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Displaying 26 - 50 of 431

Using a Single-Zone Residential Model to Evaluate Virus Particle Exposure

September 20, 2022
Author(s)
Stephen Zimmerman, Brian Polidoro, Lisa Ng, William Stuart Dols, Steven Emmerich
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak a global pandemic. As noted by ASHRAE and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), engineering and other controls should be part of a broader

Empirical Validation of Whole Building Energy Simulation Program under Free-Floating Conditions

September 14, 2022
Author(s)
Lisa Ng, Kim Hyojin, Elizabeth Scacifero, Park Minkyeong, Im Piljae, Brian P. Dougherty, Vance (Wm.) Payne
This paper presents one of the ongoing validation efforts using a low-load residential house: the Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility (NZERTF) located on the campus of NIST in Gaithersburg, MD, USA. Among a set of validation tests performed at NZERTF

Development and Application of an Indoor Carbon Dioxide Metric

July 19, 2022
Author(s)
Andrew K. Persily
Indoor carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations have been considered for decades in evaluating indoor air quality (IAQ) and ventilation, and more recently in discussions of the risk of airborne infectious disease transmission. However, many of these

ASHRAE's New Position Document on Indoor Carbon Dioxide

June 14, 2022
Author(s)
Andrew K. Persily, William Bahnfleth, Howard Kipen, Josephine Lau, Corinne Mandin, Chandra Sekhar, Pawel Wargocki, Lan Chi Nguyen Weekes
Indoor CO2 concentrations are often discussed in the context of ventilation and IAQ, most recently in relation to airborne infectious disease transmission. However, many applications of indoor CO2 measurements do not reflect a sound technical understanding

Indoor Carbon Dioxide Metric Analysis Tool

June 14, 2022
Author(s)
Andrew K. Persily, Brian Polidoro
Indoor carbon dioxide has been used for decades to evaluate indoor air quality (IAQ) and ventilation. However, many applications of CO2 as an indicator or metric of IAQ or ventilation reflect a lack of understanding of the relationship between indoor CO2

Implementing NIST Infiltration Correlations

May 27, 2022
Author(s)
Jyrteanna Teo, Lisa Ng
This tutorial is a guide on how to implement the NIST infiltration correlations (Ng et al., 2021) into EnergyPlus building energy simulation software for the US Department of Energy prototype commercial buildings. The implementation can also be generalized

Open Database for International and National Indoor Environmental Quality Guidelines

April 11, 2022
Author(s)
Steven Emmerich, Oluyemi Toyinbo, Linda Hagerhed, Sani Dimitroulopoulou, Marzenna Dudzinska, David Hemming, Ju-Hyeong Park, Ulla Haverinen-Shaughnessy
Globally, there is no consensus about IEQ standards, regulations, or guidelines. However, national guidelines from some individual countries and professional organizations exists, as well as IEQ guidelines developed by international agencies such as the

Indoor Carbon Dioxide Metric Analysis Tool

March 25, 2022
Author(s)
Andrew K. Persily, Brian Polidoro
Indoor carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations have been used for decades to evaluate indoor air quality (IAQ) and ventilation, and more recently in discussions of the risk of airborne infectious disease transmission. However, many applications of indoor CO2

Models for an Ultraviolet-C Research and Development Consortium

March 25, 2022
Author(s)
Dianne L. Poster, C Cameron Miller, Yaw S. Obeng, John J. Kasianowicz, Michael T. Postek, Norman Horn, Troy Cowan, Richard Martinello
The development of an international, precompetitive, collaborative, ultraviolet (UV) research consortium is discussed as an opportunity to lay the groundwork for a new UV commercial industry and the supply chain to support this industry. History has

A Tool to Model Virus Particle Exposure in Residences (ViPER)

March 9, 2022
Author(s)
Stephen Zimmerman, Brian Polidoro, Lisa Ng, William Stuart Dols, Steven Emmerich
Virus Particle Exposure in Residences (ViPER) is a web-based, single zone indoor air quality and ventilation analysis tool developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for evaluating an occupant's relative exposure to virus-laden

Wildfire Smoke Impacts on Residential Indoor Air Quality

March 1, 2022
Author(s)
Steven Emmerich, Chrissi Antonopoulos, Patricia Graef, Rick Karg, Brett Singer, Eric Werling
Wildland fires are occurring with increased frequency and intensity throughout many areas of the world and wildfire smoke exposure is becoming a seasonal event in many communities. Increases in property loss, Illness, and mortality are well documented

Simulation of Residential CO Exposures from Portable Generators with and without CO Hazard Mitigation Systems Meeting Requirements of Voluntary

February 16, 2022
Author(s)
Steven Emmerich, Brian Polidoro, Matthew Hnatov, Janet Buyer, Matthew Brookman
This report documents work performed by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) under an interagency agreement in support of the Commission's effort to address the carbon

Respecting Ventilation: Now More than Ever

January 19, 2022
Author(s)
Andrew K. Persily
At Indoor Air 2005 the author gave a plenary in which he channeled Aretha Franklin to suggest that the IAQ field needed to give ventilation more R-E-S-P-E-C-T. That presentation and subsequent paper (Persily, 2006) stressed the science behind ventilation

Evaluation of Indoor Environmental Concentrations in Buildings with Conditioned and Unconditioned Zones (IECCU) model for predicting TCPP concentrations in a low-energy test house

January 18, 2022
Author(s)
Dustin Poppendieck, Lisa Ng, Stephen Zimmerman
Globally over 100,000 different chemicals are manufactured every year (Levi et al. 2018). It is impossible to measure the fate of all of these chemicals in the wide range of indoor environments. The Indoor Environmental Concentrations in Buildings with
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