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When an emergency occurs, it is not always sufficient to simply initiate alarm bells. Individuals may not know what the alarm bell means and, in turn, respond inappropriately to its sound. Many buildings have installed mass notification or emergency
The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) and the American Society of Heating Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) are working to cooperatively develop a national Facility Smart Grid Information Model standard. This
Kar T. Tan, Christopher C. White, David J. Benatti, Deborah S. Jacobs, Donald L. Hunston
Indoor accelerated and outdoor field weathering of styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer have been studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In the indoor accelerated experiments, specimens are exposed to ultraviolet-visible
Christopher Iglehart, Natascha S. Milesi-Ferretti, Michael Galler
NIST provides technical support to the DOE in developing test procedures for a variety of residential appliances. As part of this process, DOE seeks representative consumer use data to establish test procedures that are representative of real world use
This report provides the technical basis for a potential new regulatory guide that would provide licensees and applicants with guidance that the staff of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) considers acceptable for use in selecting the design
Nelson P. Bryner, Stephen P. Fuss, Bryan W. Klein, Anthony D. Putorti Jr.
A fire occurred on the evening of June 18, 2007, in the Sofa Super Store in Charleston, SC. NIST analyzed the fire ground, consulted with other experts, and performed computer simulations of fire growth alternatives. Based on these analyses, the following
As states in the U.S. continue to adopt new energy codes, it is important to understand what the benefits are for each state and its building owners. This paper estimates life-cycle energy savings, carbon emission reduction, and cost-effectiveness of
Kuldeep R. Prasad, Thomas G. Cleary, William M. Pitts, Jiann C. Yang
The study of compressed hydrogen release from high-pressure storage systems has practical application for hydrogen and fuel cell technologies. Such releases may occur either due to accidental damage to a storage tank or connecting piping, or direct PRD
When an emergency occurs, it is not always sufficient to simply initiate alarm bells. Individuals may not know what the alarm bell means and, in turn, may respond inappropriately to its sound. Many buildings have installed mass notification or emergency
The distribution of air flow approaching a finned-tube heat exchanger is one of the predominant factors influencing the heat exchangers performance. This paper describes a method for measuring and predicting the inlet air flow distribution using Particle
Chi P. Hoang, Tinh Nguyen, Deborah S. Jacobs, Andrew K. Persily
The effects of ozone treatment and extraction on fungal activities of bamboo and red-oak flooring materials have been investigated. One set of wood samples was extracted with cyclohexane and ethanol for 48 hours to remove extractable compounds. Another set
Through its Metrics and Tools for Sustainable Buildings project, NIST is taking a lead role in providing science-based guidance to the building community on the life cycle environmental and economic performance of specific building types designed to meet
This study examines the size distribution and other characteristics of firebrand exposure during the 2007 Angora Fire, a severe Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) fire in California. Of the 401 houses that received direct interface fire exposure 61% were
Samuel L. Manzello, Sayaka S. Suzuki, Yoshihiko Hayashi
An experimental campaign was undertaken to determine vulnerabilities of siding treatments and walls fitted with eaves to firebrand bombardment using the NIST Dragon installed in the Building Research Institutes Fire Research Wind Tunnel Facility (FRWTF)
As pointed out by the recent National Academy of Sciences report on forensic sciences, the study of fire patterns and debris in arson fires is in need of additional study and standardization. Part of the current difficulty is in determining the appropriate
Marek Franaszek, Geraldine S. Cheok, Kamel S. Saidi
Nonlinear Least Squares method is applied to fit a plane to 3D imaging data. Two different error functions used in fitting are tested: orthogonal and directional. Variances of fitted parameters are calculated either from a single dataset using derived
Arson rates vary widely across the U.S., and much of this variation can be traced to fuel and weather factors related to ignition success and socioeconomic factors shown to influence crime rates. In criminology, it is well understood that indicators of
Due to the ban of Halon 1301 under the Montreal Protocol, new liquid fire suppressants have been proposed as possible alternatives to Halon 1301 in certain fires. It has been reported that in the case of water mist fire suppression systems, a large
A mixture fraction formulation is used to numerically simulate the two-dimensional structure of diluted axisymmetric methane-air nonpremixed counterflow flames. The size of the computational domain and the grid spacing are selected based on negligible
The suppression of low strain rate non-premixed flames was investigated experimentally in a counterflow configuration through the development of a methodology that allows establishment of laminar flames free from conductive heat losses. The method allows
The NFPA 2001 standard on the use of clean agents for the suppression of fires arose from the phase-out of Halon 1301. Standard methods exists for specifying the amount of clean agent required for Class A and Class B fires, but the recommendation for Class
Geraldine S. Cheok, Maris Juberts, Marek Franaszek
The National Defense Center of Excellence for Industrial Metrology and 3D Imaging (COE-IM3DI) is conducting research to enable the next generation of manufacturing-centric human/instrument/machine interaction. The generalized goal of the COE-IM3DI research
Kamel S. Saidi, Marek Franaszek, Alan M. Lytle, Jochen Teizer
Locating and tracking resources (e.g., personnel, equipment, and materials) is critical in many industrial applications for monitoring productivity and safety. In construction, various technologies (e.g., global positioning systems (GPS), radio frequency