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Buildings & Construction

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Displaying 301 - 325 of 3873

Flexible Polyurethane Foams Nanocomposites

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Mauro Zammarano, Roland H. Kraemer, Richard H. Harris Jr., Thomas J. Ohlemiller, Sameer Rahatekar, Jeffrey W. Gilman
Polyurethane flexible foams (PUFs) have a large market as upholstery and bedding cushioning material. There is an increasing demand for flame retarded grades in rail, plane and automotive transportation. Untreated PUFs are prone to rapid fire growth due to

Further Developments in Modeling the Thermal Decomposition of Polymers

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Marc R. Nyden, S I. Stoliarov, P R. Westmoreland
The application of quantum mechanics and molecular simulation methods can yield new insights into thermal reactivity and its effect on materials flammability. One example of this approach is reactive molecular dynamics as implemented in a computer program

Gender and Control in the 2001 World Trade Center Evacuation

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Erica D. Kuligowski
Occupants in fire emergencies in buildings are presented with multiple pieces of information and environmental cues which produce varying levels of stress for the occupant. Occupants develop behavior response strategies to decrease their level of stress

Handbook of Radiant Heating and Cooling

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
J M. Palmer, K S. Chapman, R D. Watson
These four chapters are part of a larger book on radiant heating and cooling. The goal of these chapters is to explain thermal comfort, how it is modeled, and how to calculate it. The first chapter explains the variables of thermal comfort. The second

High Throughput Methods for Nanocomposite Materials Research. Extrusion and Visible Optical Probes.

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Jeffrey W. Gilman, P H. Maupin, Richard H. Harris Jr., S Bellayer, Anthony J. Bur, S C. Roth, M Murariu, A B. Morgan, J R. Harris
A quiet revolution is occurring in the field of polymer science the high throughput (HT) or combinatorial revolution. It is, in a general sense, a change in the way one views performing research and development, and simply involves devising methods to

High Throughput Methods for Rapidly Developing Additive Filled Polymers

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Rick D. Davis, Jeffrey W. Gilman, Marc R. Nyden, John R. Shields, Richard H. Harris Jr., W Demory
The high throughput mindset has been our approach to rapidly synthesize, characterize, and analyze additive filled polymers. For example, rather than taking a week to extrude polystyrene strands with 0% to 10% integer amounts of organically modified clay

Ignition of Mulch by Firebrands in Wildland/Urban Interface (WUI) Fires

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Samuel Manzello, John R. Shields, Thomas Cleary, Jiann C. Yang
Firebrands or embers are produced as trees and structures burn in wildland/urban interface (WUI) fires. Hot firebrands ultimately come to rest and may ignite fuels far removed from the fire, resulting in fire spread. It is believed that firebrand showers

Improving the Interface Between Thermal and Structural Finite-Element Analyses

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Dat Duthinh, Abed M. Khaskia
One of the recommendations of the National Construction Safety Team for the Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1, 2005) is to enhance the capability of available computational software to predict

In Situ Burning of Oil Spills: Resource Collection

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
William Walton
The Minerals Management Service (MMS), U.S. Department of Interior, is designated as the lead agency for in situ burn research in the Oil Pollution Research and Technology Plan prepared under the authority of Title VII of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA

International Standards for Service Life Planning of Buildings

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
G J. Frohnsdorff, C Sjostrom, G Soronis
ISO Technical Committee TC 59, Building Construction, is an international standards committee dealing with general rules for performance requirements for buildings, SC 14, Design Life, is the subcommittee of TC 59 that deals with standardization of the

Investigation of Unresolved Issues From ATL Temperature Control Module

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Stephen J. Treado
A series of measurements and performance evaluations has been conducted in the Temperature Control Module (TCM) for three control system vendors in order to demonstrate their ability to meet the high accuracy temperature control specification for the

Ionic Liquids as Compatibilizers for the Preparation of Biopolymer Nanocomposites: Characterization Using Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Jeffrey W. Gilman, P H. Maupin, Mauro Zammarano, Paul C. Trulove, D M. Fox, H DeLong, Ph Dubois, M Murariu
The process of dispersing ionic liquid modified montmorillonite in polylactide (PLA) using a twin-screw micro-compounder under different melt-compounding parameters was monitored using laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). In addition the PLA-MMT

Kinetic Modeling of Heptane Combustion and PAH Formation

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Valeri I. Babushok, Wing Tsang
Kinetics of heptane combustion was studied through numerical modeling. High temperature kinetic model of heptane combustion was constructed. The model includes four main blocks of reactions: C1-C2 chemistry, which is based on Grimech-3.0 model; block of C3

Letter to the Editor of ACI Materials Journal

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
A M. Rosenberg
This letter contains a discussion of the article in the May-June 1999 issue of the ACI Materials Journal on the Investigation of Chloride Diffusion for High-Performance Concrete Containing Fly Ash, Microsilica and Chemical Admixtures, by Zongjin Li, Jun

Localized Ignition and Subsequent Flame Spread Over Solid Fuels in Microgravity

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Takashi Kashiwagi, Y N. Nakamura, Kuldeep Prasad, Howard R. Baum, S L. Olson, O -. Fujita, K K. Nishizawa, K. Ito
Ignition and subsequent flame spread over a paper sample and a PMMA sheet in microgravity are studied experimentally and theoretically. New results obtained during last two years are described.

MatML Editor: Technical Documentation

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
J Bakoczy, E F. Begley
This manuscript contains the technical documentation for the MatML Editor, an enabling technology intended to support widespread adoption of the language. The MatML Editor is a user-friendly, browser-based, form-driven application.

MatML Editor: User Documentation

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
J Bakoczy, E F. Begley
This manuscript contains the end-user documentation for the MatML Editor, an enabling technology intended to support widespread adoption of the language. The MatML Editor is a user-friendly, browser-based, form-driven application.

Measurements of the Photolytic Breakdown of Decabromodiphenyl Ether in Plastics

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Marc R. Nyden, Rick D. Davis, Christopher C. White, H M. Stapleton, Nathan G. Dodder
In this talk, we report the product distributions and decomposition rates of DecaBDE when it is incapsulated in a common plastic, high impact polystyrene, and irradiated under controlled conditions using a calibrated source. The objective is to gain
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