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Journals

A critical evalution of thermal mass flow meters

Author(s)
S A. Tison
Many semiconductor processes require that stable and known flows of gas be delivered to the processing chamber. The thermal mass flow meter (TMFM) is used almost...

Rapid Discharge of a Fire Suppressing Agent

Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang, William M. Pitts, B D. Breuel, William L. Grosshandler, W G. Cleveland
This paper describes an experimental method to study the rapid discharge of a fire suppressant (C3F8) from a pressurized vessel. Experimental observations...

Laser Focusing of Atoms for Nanostructure Fabrication

Author(s)
Jabez J. McClelland, R Gupta, Zeina J. Kubarych, Robert Celotta
Laser-focusing of atoms has emerged as a viable form of nanofabrication. Structures are formed by focusing chromium atoms as they deposit onto a surface. The...

Optimizing the GMR of Symmetric and Bottom Spin Valves

Author(s)
William F. Egelhoff Jr., P J. Chen, Cedric J. Powell, Mark Stiles, Robert McMichael, C Lin, J Sivertsen, J Judy, K Takano, A Berkowitz, T Anthony, J Brug
We have attempted to optimize the values of the giant magnetoresistance in symmetric spin valves of the type NiO/Co/Cu/Co/Cu/Co/NiO (achieving 23.4%) and in...

Low-temperature Growth of GMR Spin Valves

Author(s)
William F. Egelhoff Jr., R Misra, T Ha, Y Kadmon, Cedric J. Powell, Mark Stiles, Robert McMichael, Lawrence H. Bennett, C Lin, J Sivertsen, J Judy
We have investigated the dependence of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect, the coercivity, the coupling field, and the resistivity on film deposition at...

The Trade-off Between Large GMR and Small Coercivity in Symmetric Spin Valves

Author(s)
William F. Egelhoff Jr., P J. Chen, Cedric J. Powell, Mark Stiles, Robert McMichael, C Lin, J Sivertsen, J Judy, K Takano, A Berkowitz
We have investigated the use of various alloys as substitutes for pure Co in the center film of symmetric spin valves of the type NiO/Co/Cu/Co/Cu/Co/NiO. The...

Growth of GMR Spin Valves using Indium as a Surfactant

Author(s)
William F. Egelhoff Jr., P J. Chen, Cedric J. Powell, Mark Stiles, Robert McMichael
We have investigated the use of In as a surfactant to achieve smoother interfaces in spin-valve multilayers of the general type: FeMn/Ni 80Fe 20/Co/Cu/Co/Ni...

Growth of Giant Magnetoresistance Spin Valves Using Pb and Au as Surfactants

Author(s)
William F. Egelhoff Jr., P J. Chen, Cedric J. Powell, Mark Stiles, Robert McMichael, C Lin, J Sivertsen, J Judy, K Takano, A Berkowitz
We have investigated the use of Pb and Au as surfactants in an attempt to achieve smoother and sharper interfaces in three types of giant magnetoresistance (GMR...
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