Gold filling by conventional electrodeposition processes will deposit substantially on the field around the features of interest. This results in extended post-deposition processing to remove the extra material, waste of deposited gold, and more rapid depletion of electrolyte.
A process for filling trenches with gold from the bottom, permitting seam-free and void-free filling. Leaves minimal undesired deposits, little waste, and a reduction in post-deposition processing time.