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Displaying 101 - 125 of 196

Ignition of Fine Fuels Exposed to Firebrand Showers

May 27, 2014
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Sayaka Suzuki, Junichi Suzuki, Koji Kagiya, Yoshihiko Hayashi
Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) fires have caused significant destruction to communities throughout the world. WUI fires continue to burn in the USA; most recently in Texas in 2011, Colorado, and California in 2012, and Arizona, Colorado, and California in

Reducing the Risk of Fire in Buildings and Communities

January 1, 2014
Author(s)
Anthony Hamins, Jason D. Averill, Nelson P. Bryner, David Butry, Richard Gann, Rick D. Davis, Daniel M. Madrzykowski, Alexander Maranghides, Jiann C. Yang, Matthew Bundy, Samuel Manzello, Jeffrey W. Gilman, Francine K. Amon, William E. Mell
Fire costs and losses are a significant life safety and economic burden on society comprising about two percent of the United States gross domestic product. This paper presents the results of a roadmap developed by the National Institute of Standards and

Workshop for Fire Structure Interaction and Urban and Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) Fires Operation Tomodachi Fire Research

May 13, 2013
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Tokiyoshi Yamada, Ann Jeffers, Yoshifumi Ohmiya, Keisuke Himoto, A C. Fernandez-Pello
A workshop, known as “Operation Tomodachi – Fire Research” was held in Tokyo, Japan from July 1 to July 4, 2012. Tomodachi means friendship in Japanese. This workshop, under the direction of Dr. Samuel L. Manzello of EL-NIST and Dr. Tokiyoshi Yamada of the

Development and Characterization of Continuous Feed Firebrand Generator

May 6, 2013
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Sayaka Suzuki
Evidence suggests that wind driven firebrand showers are a major cause of structural ignition in Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) fires. While firebrands have been researched for over four decades, prior studies have focused mainly on how far firebrands fly

Firebrand Generation from a Full-Scale Structure

May 6, 2013
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Sayaka Suzuki, Yoshihiko Hayashi
Firebrands are a critical mechanism of fire spread in large outdoor fires, such as urban fires in Japan and WUI fires in Australia, Southern Europe, and the USA. Firebrands have been studied for some time however there are few studies on generation of

Firebrand Generation from Building Components with Cedar Siding

May 6, 2013
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Sayaka Suzuki, Yoshihiko Hayashi
Fires in the wildland-urban interface (WUI) have been a large problem not only in the USA, but all over the world. From a pragmatic point of view, the WUI fire problem can be seen as a structure ignition problem [1]. It is believed that the structures

Vulnerability of Decking Assemblies to Continuous Firebrand Shower

May 6, 2013
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Sayaka Suzuki
In WUI fires, decking assemblies have been observed to be an ignition vulnerability based on post-fire damage surveys. The Office of the State Fire Marshall (OFSM) in California adopted the test method known as State Fire Marshall (SFM) STANDARD 12-7A-4 [1

EXPOSING WOOD DECKING ASSEMBLIES TO CONTINUOUS WIND-DRIVEN FIREBRAND SHOWERS

January 28, 2013
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Sayaka S. Suzuki
Sections of wood decks (1.2 m by 1.2 m) were constructed and attached to a re-entrant corner assembly. The deck/re-entrant corner assembly was then exposed to continuous, wind-driven firebrand bombardment generated by the newly developed NIST full-scale

Exposing Wood Decking Assemblies to Continuous Wind-Driven Firebrand Showers

December 12, 2012
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Sayaka S. Suzuki
A series of experiments were conducted to determine vulnerabilities of wood decks to continuous, wind-driven firebrand showers. Sections of wood decks (1.2 m by 1.2 m) were constructed and attached to a re-entrant corner assembly. The deck/re-entrant

Firebrand Generation Data Obtained from a Full Scale Structure Burn

July 27, 2012
Author(s)
Sayaka S. Suzuki, Samuel Manzello, Matthew Lage, George Laing
A full scale, proof-of-concept experiment was conducted to investigate firebrand production from a burning structure. In this experiment, NIST researchers were invited to set up instrumentation during a structure burn down. As the structure burned

Strategic Roadmap for Fire Risk Reduction in Buildings and Communities

April 18, 2012
Author(s)
Anthony P. Hamins, Jason D. Averill, Richard G. Gann, Nelson P. Bryner, Rick D. Davis, David T. Butry, Alexander Maranghides, Jiann C. Yang, Daniel M. Madrzykowski, Matthew F. Bundy, Samuel L. Manzello, Jeffrey W. Gilman, Francine K. Amon, William E. Mell
The burden of fire on the U.S. economy continues to be large, comprising approximately $280 billion annually, or 2 percent of GDP. Over the last 30 years, civilian fire deaths and injuries have decreased due to the efforts of many people and organizations

Firebrand Generation Data Obtained from a Full Scale Structure Burn

December 5, 2011
Author(s)
Sayaka S. Suzuki, Samuel Manzello
A full-scale, proof-of-concept experiment was conducted to investigate firebrand production from a burning structure. In this experiment, NIST researchers were invited to set up instrumentation during a structure burn down. As the structure burned
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