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Search Publications by: Jiann C. Yang (Fed)

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Displaying 1 - 25 of 153

Measuring Firebrand Heat Flux with a Thin-Skin Calorimeter

July 11, 2023
Author(s)
Amy Mensch, Savannah Wessies, Anthony Hamins, Jiann C. Yang
While the impact of wildland-urban interface fires is growing, firebrand exposure is a significant but not well understood contributor to fire spread. The ignition threat of firebrand exposures can be characterized by measuring the heat transfer of glowing

Experimental Studies on the Heat Flux of Individual Firebrands

March 22, 2023
Author(s)
Amy Mensch, Savannah Wessies, Anthony Hamins, Jiann C. Yang
Every year, thousands of wildfires burn all over the world threatening lives and property in the wildland-urban interface. These wildland-urban interface fires spread by radiation, direct flame contact, or firebrand transport. Firebrand exposures are a

Workshop on Incorporating Climate Change Data in U.S. Building Codes and Standards

March 8, 2023
Author(s)
Jason D. Averill, Therese P. McAllister, Andrew K. Persily, Scott Weaver, James Whetstone, Jiann C. Yang, Michael Kuperberg, Sumant Nigam, Alfredo Ruiz-Barradas
NIST hosted a workshop to advance the availability of climate information sought by organizations developing standards, model building codes, and voluntary certifications by convening interactions between the building codes and climate science communities.

Detection of Smoke From Microgravity Fires

October 12, 2021
Author(s)
D L. Urban, DeVon Griffin, Gary Ruff, Thomas Cleary, Jiann C. Yang, George W. Mulholland, Zeng-guang Yuan
The history and current status of spacecraft smoke detection is discussed including a review of the state of understanding of the effect of gravity on the resultant smoke particle size. The results from a spacecraft experiment (Comparative Soot Diagnostics

A Perspective on Forest Fuel Bed Ignition by Firebrands

February 19, 2021
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang
A different perspective on forest fuel bed ignition by firebrands is presented to obtain a correlation between the ignition time of a fuel bed by a glowing firebrand and fuel moisture content. A firebrand heating efficiency akin to spray cooling efficiency

Analysis of a Slug Calorimeter with a Curie Point

April 3, 2020
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang, Thomas J. Ohlemiller
A lump-capacitance heat transfer model was developed to model the operation of a slug calorimeter constructed of metal with a Curie point. The resulting formula has been successfully used to infer total heat flux to a metal structural member in a fire by

On the Cooling of a 360o Video Camera to Observe Fire Dynamics In Situ

December 11, 2019
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang
An analysis was performed to provide design guidance on the cooling of an NIST-developed in situ fire visualization device, called Burn Observation Bubble (BOB). The analysis was to address the question of how long the device can be operated in a fire

On Correlating Mixed Forest Fuel Bed Fire Spread Data

September 13, 2019
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang
Mixing rules are proposed and used to correlate well-mixed forest fuel bed fire spread data from the literature using the dimensionless correlations previously developed for single-species forest fuel bed fire spread with the help of dimensional analysis

Evaluation of Spacecraft Smoke Detector Performance in the Low-Gravity Environment

April 25, 2018
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang, Thomas G. Cleary, Marit Meyer, D L. Urban, George W. Mulholland, Victoria Bryg, Zeng-guang Yuan, Gary A. Ruff
In the interest of fire prevention, most materials used in the interior construction of manned spacecraft are non- flammable, however, they do produce smoke when overheated. Spacecraft smoke detectors will ideally detect smoke generated by oxidative

Dimensional Analysis on Forest Fuel Bed Fire Spread

January 29, 2018
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang
A dimensional analysis was performed to correlate the fuel bed fire spread data previously reported in the literature. Under wind condition, six pertinent dimensionless groups were identified, namely dimensionless fire spread rate, dimensionless fuel

Ignition of Mulch by Firebrands in Wildland/Urban Interface (WUI) Fires

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Samuel Manzello, John R. Shields, Thomas Cleary, Jiann C. Yang
Firebrands or embers are produced as trees and structures burn in wildland/urban interface (WUI) fires. Hot firebrands ultimately come to rest and may ignite fuels far removed from the fire, resulting in fire spread. It is believed that firebrand showers

Microgravity Superagglomerates Produced by Silane and Acetylene

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Matthew Bundy, George Mulholland, Samuel Manzello, Jiann C. Yang, J H. Scott
A study of acetylene and silane diffusion flames was performed in normal gravity (1-g) and microgravity ([mu]-g) to determine the evolution of soot and silica agglomerates. The objective of this study was to understand the process of gas phase

Performance of Metal and Polymeric O Ring Seals during Beyond-Design-Basis Thermal Conditions

December 28, 2016
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang, Edward J. Hnetkovsky, Doris L. Rinehart, Marco G. Fernandez, Felix Gonzalez, Joseph Borowsky
This paper summarizes the small scale thermal exposure test results of the performance of metallic and polymeric O- ring seals typically used in radioactive material transportation packages. Five different O-ring materials were evaluated: Inconel/silver

A dimensional analysis on firebrand penetration through a mesh screen

November 15, 2015
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang, Samuel L. Manzello
A dimensional analysis on firebrand penetration through a mesh screen was carried out to provide a framework to correlate a limited set of experimental data previously reported by Manzello et al. (2011). Two dimensionless variables were obtained. The

International R&D Roadmap for Fire Resistance of Structures Summary of NIST/CIB Workshop

June 11, 2015
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang, Matthew F. Bundy, John L. Gross, Anthony P. Hamins, Fahim Sadek, Anand Raghunathan
This report summarizes the results of the global meeting to develop the International R&D Roadmap for Fire Resistance of Structures (the Roadmap) held May 21–22, 2014, in Gaithersburg, Maryland. The workshop was sponsored by the National Institute of

Smoke Characterization and Feasibility of the Moment Method for Spacecraft Fire Detection

February 17, 2015
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang, Thomas G. Cleary, George W. Mulholland, Marit Meyer, Victoria Bryg, D L. Urban, Zeng-guang Yuan, Gary A. Ruff
The Smoke Aerosol Measurement Experiment (SAME) has been conducted twice by NASA and provided the first real-time aerosol data in a spacecraft micro-gravity environment. Flight experiment results have recently been analyzed with respect to comparable

Pyrolysis Smoke Generated Under Low-Gravity Conditions

January 17, 2015
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang, Thomas G. Cleary, George W. Mulholland, D L. Urban, Gary A. Ruff, Zeng-guang Yuan, Marit Meyer, Victoria Bryg
A series of smoke experiments were carried out in the Microgravity Science Glovebox on the International Space Station (ISS) Facility to assess the impact of low-gravity conditions on the size distribution and structure of the smoke aerosol. This