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Displaying 1 - 25 of 121

Evaluating the depth resolution of 3D sensors for manufacturing automation applications

July 21, 2023
Author(s)
Prem Rachakonda, Geraldine S. Cheok, Marek Franaszek, Kamel S. Saidi
The Intelligent Systems Division (ISD) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is performing research to support the development of documentary standards within ASTM E57.23. This subcommittee is addressing the performance evaluation of

Design and Testing of Wireless Motion Gauges for Two Collaborative Robot Arms

March 11, 2022
Author(s)
Yong Sik Kim, Nicholas G. Dagalakis, Jeremy Marvel, Geraldine Cheok
Most existing robot performance evaluation methods focus on single robotic arms performing independent motion tasks. In this paper, a motion gauge is proposed to evaluate the symmetrical coordinated-motion performance between two robotic arms. For this

Improving Automated Insertion Task in Robotics by Reducing Registration Error

April 2, 2021
Author(s)
Geraldine S. Cheok, Marek Franaszek, Karl Van Wyk, Jeremy Marvel
A peg-in-hole operation is representative of common tasks performed in assembly lines by robots. It requires registration of the coordinate frame where a part resides to the robot frame. Poor registration causes misalignment of the peg and the hole which

Technology Readiness Levels for Randomized Bin Picking, Performance Metrics for Intelligent Systems (PerMIS) 2012 Workshop, Special Session

February 8, 2021
Author(s)
Jeremy Marvel, Roger D. Eastman, Geraldine S. Cheok, Kamel S. Saidi, Tsai H. Hong, Elena R. Messina, Bob Bollinger, Paul Evans, Joyce Guthrie, Eric Hershberger, Carlos Martinez, Karen McNamara, James Wells
The special session on Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) for Randomized Bin Picking was held during the morning session of the 2012 Performance Metrics for Intelligent Systems (PerMIS) workshop, 21 March, 2012. The stated objective of the special session

Improving 3D Vision-Robot Registration for Assembly Tasks

April 3, 2020
Author(s)
Marek Franaszek, Geraldine S. Cheok, Karl Van Wyk, Jeremy A. Marvel
Quality registration between the coordinate frames of a perception system and a robot is important for the efficient operation of autonomous systems in vision-guided assembly lines. Rigid-body registration, which is based on the measurement of

Efficiently Improving and Quantifying Robot Accuracy In Situ

August 20, 2019
Author(s)
Karl Van Wyk, Joseph Falco, Geraldine Cheok
The advancement of simulation-assisted robot programming, automation of high-tolerance assembly operations, and improvement of real-world performance engender a need for positionally accurate robots. Despite tight machining tolerances, good mechanical

Reducing Localization Error of Vision-Guided Industrial Robots

June 18, 2019
Author(s)
Marek Franaszek, Geraldine S. Cheok, Jeremy A. Marvel
In many manufacturing applications, such as automated drilling or inspection of large parts, accurate knowledge of both position and orientation is critical. In this paper, a method for reducing robot end-effector position and orientation error is

Improving Rigid-Body Registration Based on Points Affected by Bias and Noise

December 31, 2018
Author(s)
Marek Franaszek, Geraldine S. Cheok
The task of registering two coordinate frames is frequently accomplished by measuring the same set of points in both frames. Noise and possible bias in the measured locations degrade the quality of registration. It was shown that the performance of

Concept to Commercialization of an Artifact for Evaluating 3D Imaging Systems per the ASTM E3125- 17

June 29, 2018
Author(s)
Balasubramanian Muralikrishnan, Prem K. Rachakonda, Vincent D. Lee, Katharine M. Shilling, Daniel S. Sawyer, Geraldine S. Cheok, Luc Cournoyer, Joe Gleason
The newly released ASTM E3125-17 standard describes several point-to-point distance tests to evaluate the performance of spherical coordinate 3D imaging systems, commonly referred to as terrestrial laser scanners (TLS). The relative-range error test, which

Orientation Uncertainty Characteristics of Some Pose Measuring Systems

December 31, 2017
Author(s)
Marek Franaszek, Geraldine S. Cheok
We investigate the performance of pose measuring systems which determine an object's pose from measurement of a few fiducial markers attached to the object. Such systems use point-based, rigid body registration to get the orientation matrix. Uncertainty in

Challenges in measuring spherical geometry using terrestrial laser scanners

November 1, 2017
Author(s)
Balasubramanian Muralikrishnan, Prem K. Rachakonda, Katharine M. Shilling, Vincent D. Lee, Daniel S. Sawyer, Geraldine S. Cheok, Luc Cournoyer
Terrestrial laser scanners (TLS) measure 3D coordinates in a scene by recording the range, the azimuth angle, and elevation angle of discrete points on target surfaces. They are increasingly used in a variety of applications, including manufacturing and

Propagation of orientation uncertainty of 3D rigid object to its points

October 28, 2017
Author(s)
Marek Franaszek, Geraldine Cheok
If a CAD model of a rigid object is available, the location of any point on an object can be derived from the measured 6DOF pose of the object. However, the uncertainty of the measured pose propagates to the uncertainty of the point in an anisotropic way

An Overview of Activities at NIST Towards the Proposed ASTM E57 3D Imaging System Point-to-Point Distance Standard

October 16, 2017
Author(s)
Prem K. Rachakonda, Balasubramanian Muralikrishnan, Katharine M. Shilling, Geraldine S. Cheok, Daniel S. Sawyer
The Dimensional Metrology Group (DMG) at the National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST), along with various other organizations has been involved in the development of a documentary standard for 3D imaging instruments that acquire data in

Methods and Considerations to Determine Sphere Center from Terrestrial Laser Scanner Point Cloud Data

September 6, 2017
Author(s)
Prem K. Rachakonda, Balasubramanian Muralikrishnan, Luc Cournoyer, Geraldine S. Cheok, Vincent D. Lee, Katharine M. Shilling, Daniel S. Sawyer
The Dimensional Metrology Group (DMG) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is performing research to support the development of documentary standards within ASTM E57 committee. This committee is addressing the point-to-point

Relative range error evaluation of terrestrial laser scanners using a plate, a sphere, and a novel dual-sphere-plate target

July 21, 2017
Author(s)
Balasubramanian Muralikrishnan, Prem K. Rachakonda, Vincent D. Lee, Katharine M. Shilling, Daniel S. Sawyer, Geraldine S. Cheok
Terrestrial laser scanners (TLS) are a class of 3D imaging systems that produce a 3D point cloud by measuring the range and two angles at different sampling locations. The ranging unit of a TLS realizes the SI unit of length. Relative range error is one

Method to Improve Point-Based Registration by Restoring Rigid-Body Condition

June 26, 2017
Author(s)
Marek Franaszek, Geraldine S. Cheok
The purpose of rigid-body registration is to find a rotation and translation which transforms one coordinate frame to another. The procedure requires measurement of common points (fiducials) in both frames. Noise and possible bias in the acquired locations