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Displaying 1 - 25 of 73727

Chemical Kinetics and Fire

December 31, 2025
Author(s)
Gregory Linteris, John Griffiths
The purpose of this chapter is to set out the principles of chemical kinetics as they apply to combustion in flames and fires. Chemical equilibrium, which was discussed in a previous chapter, deals with the final preferred state of a given set of reactants

Environmental Measurements: A Needs Assessment

November 19, 2025
Author(s)
Julia Marrs, David Allen, Gerald Fraser
A summary is provided of the presentations, discussion, and findings from a two-and-a-half-day workshop on environmental measurements focusing on needs for new measurement science and measurement standards to support the characterization of ecological

Compatibility of trapped ions and dielectrics at cryogenic temperatures

November 17, 2025
Author(s)
Margaret Bruff, Lindsay Sonderhouse, Kaitlyn David, Daniel Slichter, Dietrich Leibfried, Jules Stuart
We study the impact of an unshielded dielectric\textemdash here, a bare optical fiber\textemdash on a $^40}$Ca$^+}$ ion held several hundred $\mu$m away in a cryogenic surface electrode trap. We observe distance-dependent stray electric fields of up to a

AI and Flow Cytometry

November 10, 2025
Author(s)
Dawei Lin, Anupama Gururaj, Sheng Lin-Gibson, Lili Wang
Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are transforming biotechnology and playing a key role in bioeconomy. One of the most important measurement capabilities at the forefront of biotechnology innovations is flow cytometry (FCM), a high

Multi-timescale Frequency-Phase Matching for High-Yield Nonlinear Photonics

November 6, 2025
Author(s)
Mahmoud Jalali Mehrabad, Lida Xu, Gregory Moille, Christopher Flower, Supratik Sarkar, Apurva Padhye, Shao-Chien Ou, Daniel Suarez-Ferero, Mahdi Ghafariasl, Yanne K. Chembo, Kartik Srinivasan, Mohammad Hafezi
Integrated nonlinear photonics struggles to deliver wafer-scale functional device yields: Nanometer-level fabrication variations compromise the strict frequency-phase matching mandated by energy- and momentum-conserving nonlinear processes. We introduce

AI-Powered ParaView for NIST: Enabling Accessible Scientific Visualization

November 3, 2025
Author(s)
Simon Su, William Sherman, Judith Terrill
This position paper outlines the research agenda for National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)'s AI-Powered ParaView effort and how the research directly addresses and supports multiple action items within the America's AI Action Plan. How this

Would Human-Robot Interaction Conferences Benefit From More Formal Reporting?

November 3, 2025
Author(s)
Patrick Holthaus, Alessandra Rossi, Snehesh Shrestha, Wing-Yue Louie, aysegul ucar, Daniel Hernandez Garcia, Frank Forster, Antonio Andriella, Shelly Bagchi
In an interdisciplinary and evolving research field like human-robot interaction, clear and precise results reporting is essential for study comparability and replicability. To address the lack of a standard for such reporting and, at the same time

A formal Fe(III)/(V) redox couple in an intercalation electrode

October 15, 2025
Author(s)
Hari Ramachandran, Edward Mu, Eder Lomeli, Augustin Braun, Masato Goto, Kuan Hsu, Jue Liu, Zhelong Jiang, Kipil Lim, Grace Busse, Brian Moritz, Joshua Kas, John Vinson, John Rehr, Jungjin Park, Iwnetim Abate, Yuichi Shimakawa, Edward Solomon, Wanli Yang, William Gent, Thomas Devereaux, William Chueh
Iron redox cycling between low-valent oxidation states of FeII and FeIII drives crucial processes in nature. The FeII/III redox couple charge compensates the cycling of lithium iron phosphate, a positive electrode (cathode) for lithium-ion batteries. High

Temperature-Compensated Multi-Level CMOS Modulators Operating from 10 K to 300 K for Cryogenic Interconnects

October 14, 2025
Author(s)
Christopher Kniss, Abhishek Sharma, Ratanak Phon, Gregory Shimon, Eran Socher, Pragya Shrestha, Karthick Ramu, Jason Campbell, Amin Pourvali, Richard Al Hadi, Yanghyo Kim
This work presents temperature-compensated cryogenic CMOS modulators operating over a 10-300 K temperature range, suitable for intra- and inter-thermal cryogenic communications. Conventional metal-based coax cables suffer from a fundamental trade-off

Feasibility Study of a Neutron-based Method for Field Measurement of Chloride in Concrete

September 30, 2025
Author(s)
Huaiyu Chen-Mayer, Shannon Hoogerheide, Aiysha Ashfaq, Jacob LaManna, Scott Jones, Mohamad Al-Sheikhly, Richard A. Livingston
Chloride in concrete is known to promote corrosion of the interior metal enforcement which leads to structural degradation. Chloride content monitoring is an important task for maintaining infrastructure integrity. The current industrial practice of

Functional Recovery Performance Targets Workshop Report

September 30, 2025
Author(s)
Lucy Arendt, Katherine Johnson, Siamak Sattar, Michael Valley, Divya Chandrasekhar, Laurie Johnson, Ryan Kersting
Held in October 2024, the Workshop on Functional Recovery Performance Targets was hosted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and managed by the Applied Technology Council (ATC-169). The workshop convened 48 interdisciplinary

REDUCING THE CYBERSECURITY RISKS OF PORTABLE STORAGE MEDIA IN OT ENVIRONMENTS

September 30, 2025
Author(s)
Michael Powell, Fenimore Philip, Stephanie Saravia
Though portable storage media are convenient, their unregulated use poses cybersecurity risks for organizations utilizing them in their OT environments. Procedural, physical, and technical controls are important because they can minimize the likelihood of

Most stringent bound on electron neutrino mass obtained with a scalable low temperature microcalorimeter array

September 29, 2025
Author(s)
Bradley Alpert, Daniel Becker, Douglas Bennett, Joseph Fowler, Johnathon Gard, John Mates, Carl Reintsema, Daniel Schmidt, Daniel Swetz, Joel Ullom, Leila Vale, M. Balata, S. Nisii, A. Bevilacqua, M. De Gerone, G. Gallucci, L. Parodi, F. Siccardi, A. Borghesi, P. Campana, R. Carobene, M. Faverzani, A. Giachero, M. Gobbo, D. Labrbca, R. Morette, A. Nuciotti, L. Origo, S. Ragazzi, G. Ceruti, E. Ferri, G. Pessina, E. Celasco, F. Gatti, R. Dressler, E. Maugeri, D. Schumann, U Koster, M. Lusignoli, P. Manfrinetti, F Ahrens, E Bogini, M. Borghesi, P. Campana, R. Carbene, L. Ferrari Barusso, E. Ferri, G. Gallucci
The determination of the absolute neutrino mass scale remains a fundamental open question in particle physics, with profound implications for both the standard model and cosmology. Direct kinematic measurements, independent of model-dependent assumptions,

TRIP$ - Transportation Risk-Recovery Investment Planning Solutions: Optimizing Earthquake Resilience & Functional Recovery of Highways

September 29, 2025
Author(s)
Aspasia Nikolaou, Angelos Tsatsis, Maria Antoniou, Juan Fung, Yalda Saadat, Fani Gelogoti, Rallis Kourkoulis, Steven McCabe
The United States (US) faces significant challenges in maintaining and modernizing its aging infrastructure, particularly in the transportation sector, which includes roadways, bridges, rail, air, ports, and pipelines. Infrastructure vulnerabilities

Evidence Management Steering Committee Report: Expanded Bibliography

September 26, 2025
Author(s)
NIST/NIJ Evidence Management Steering Committee
In 2018 in conjunction with the National Institute of Justice (NIJ), the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) assembled a group of multidisciplinary experts, the Evidence Management Steering Committee (EMSC), to develop a plan to (1)

Guidelines for Media Sanitization

September 26, 2025
Author(s)
Ramaswamy Chandramouli, Eric Hibbard
Media sanitization refers to a process that renders access to target data on the media infeasible for a given level of effort. This guide will assist organizations and system owners in setting up a media sanitization program with proper and applicable
Displaying 1 - 25 of 73727
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