U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 26 - 50 of 808

Summary Report: CHIPS R&D Program Standards Summit

September 27, 2024
Author(s)
Mary Bedner, Chris Greer
The mission of the National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST) CHIPS Research and Development Office (CHIPS R&D) under the Department of Commerce's CHIPS for America Program is to accelerate the development and commercial deployment of

Manufacturing Digital Twin Standards

September 24, 2024
Author(s)
Guodong Shao
As a foundation of digital transformation, digital twins are critical for achieving smart manufacturing. Recent technology advancements, such as smart sensors, Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, machine learning, and artificial intelligence (AI)

Workshop on Decarbonization: A Gap Analysis of LCA Standards for Industry

September 20, 2024
Author(s)
Noah Last, Joshua D. Kneifel, Amy Costello, Catherine Houska, Katherine Morris
ASTM International's committee on sustainability (E60), in collaboration with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), hosted the virtual "Workshop on Decarbonization: A Gap Analysis of LCA Standards for Industry" on October 10-11, 2023

Rydberg states of alkali atoms in atomic vapor as SI-traceable field probes and communications receivers

September 16, 2024
Author(s)
Noah Schlossberger, Samuel Berweger, Nikunjkumar Prajapati, Andrew Rotunno, Alexandra Artusio-Glimpse, Matthew Simons, Abrar Sheikh, Eric Norrgard, Stephen Eckel, Christopher Holloway
Rydberg states of alkali atoms are highly sensitive to electric fields because their electron wavefunction has a large spatial extent, leading to large polarizabilities for static fields and large transition dipole moments for time-varying fields. Over the

Additive Construction in Practice - Realities of Acceptance Criteria

September 4, 2024
Author(s)
Megan Kreiger, Eric Kreiger, Stephan Mansour, Sean Monkman, Mohammad Aghajani Delavar, Petros Sideris, Casey Roberts, Mathew Friedell, Shawn Platt, Scott Jones
Additive Construction has increased dramatically within the United States in the last few years. Efforts to develop acceptance criteria have increased since 2020 and are being developed through integration of research efforts and early engagement with

Optimization of Wye-D-Type Quantum Hall Resistance Standard

August 30, 2024
Author(s)
Yanfei Yang, Dean G. Jarrett, Alireza Panna, Albert Rigosi, David B. Newell, Randolph Elmquist, Cheng Hsueh Yang, Ngoc Thanh Mai Tran
Theoretically wye-delta transformation can be used to realize ultra-high resistances up to PΩ. For graphene-based quantum Hall array resistance standards fabricated to utilize the wye-delta transformation, a few challenges present themselves, including the

Global Community Technology Challenge (GCTC) Strategic Plan 2024-2026

June 28, 2024
Author(s)
Michael Dunaway, Thomas Roth, Edward Griffor, David A. Wollman
This document provides a strategy and a project plan for the Global Community Technology Challenge, a federal smart cities program led by the Smart Connected Systems Division at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, an agency of the U.S

Certification of Standard Reference Material(R) 1955a Homocysteine in Frozen Human Serum

June 21, 2024
Author(s)
Carolyn Burdette, Elena Wood, Jerome Mulloor, Michael Nelson, Blaza Toman, Aaron Urbas
Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1955a Homocysteine in Frozen Human Serum is intended for use in validating homocysteine measurement procedures used by in vitro diagnostics manufacturers, reference laboratories, and clinical laboratories in the United

Assessing girth weld quality of pipeline steels and their susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement

June 16, 2024
Author(s)
Zack Buck, Newell Moser, May Ling Martin, Nicholas Derimow, Damian Lauria, Enrico Lucon, Douglas Stalheim, Peter Bradley, Matthew Connolly
Hydrogen is known to cause premature failure in various steel infrastructures due to effects of embrittlement, which is particularly detrimental to ferritic steel structures such as pipelines and pressure vessels. Therefore, understanding the

Standards and Metrology for Viral Vectors as Molecular Tools: Outcomes from a CCQM Workshop

May 24, 2024
Author(s)
Janathan Campbell, Neil Almond, Y Bae, Ravneet Bhuller, Andrea Briones, S-Y CHO, Megan Cleveland, Thomas Cleveland, Francis Galaway, Hua-Jun He, U Herbrand, Jim Huggett, Sarah Kempster, Ibolya Kepiro, Afifa Khan, Edward Kwee, Wilson Li, Sheng Lin-Gibson, Luise Luckau, Caterina Minelli, M Ryadnov, I Searing, Lili Wang, Alexandra Whale, Julian Braybrook
Viral vectors are agents enabling gene transfer and genome editing and have widespread utility across the healthcare and biotechnology sectors. In January 2023, the International Bureau for Weights and Measures' Consultative Committee for Amount of

Homogenization of Large Batch Frozen Materials Using the Palla-VM-KT Vibrating Mill

May 21, 2024
Author(s)
Debra Ellisor, Amanda Moors, Jennifer Hoguet, Jennifer Ness, Amanda Capuano, Olivia Franco
The Biospecimen Science Group at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Biorepository has been responsible for the curation, maintenance, and preparation of biological specimens at cryogenic temperatures since 2002. The team's expertise

Ozone generation and chemistry from 222 nm germicidal ultraviolet light in a fragrant restroom

May 20, 2024
Author(s)
Michael F. Link, Rileigh Robertson, Andrew Shore, Behrang Hamadani, Christina Cecelski, Dustin Poppendieck
Devices using 222 nm germicidal ultraviolet light (GUV222) have been marketed to reduce virus transmission indoors with low risk of occupant harm from direct UV exposure. GUV222 generates ozone, an indoor air pollutant and oxidant, under constrained

Recommendations on fit-for-purpose criteria to establish a quality management for microphysiological systems (MPS) and for monitoring of their reproducibility

May 14, 2024
Author(s)
David Pamies, Jason Ekert, Marie-Gabrielle Zurich, Olivier Frey, Sophie Werner, MONICA PIERGIOVANNI, Benjamin Freedman, Adrian Keong, Darwin Reyes-Hernandez, Hendrik Erfurth, Peter Loskill, Pelin Candarlioglu, Shan Wang, Thomas Hartung, Sandra Coecke, Glyn Stacey, Marcel Leist
Cell culture technology has seen great innovations and progress in the 21st centuryClassical single-cell and monolayer models have been replaced by more complex 3D models (e.g., reaggregates, spheroids, organoids) to improve the predictivity of in vitro

Spatial and Temporal Data Alignment from Disparate Sources for Feature Association

April 25, 2024
Author(s)
Benjamin Standfield, Eric Holterfield, Russell Waddell
Among the chief topic areas of Industry 4.0, digital thread technology offers the opportunity for increased productivity, efficiency, and traceability throughout a product's lifecycle. While the basic concept of digital thread is easy to realize by

Mechanism of Action, Potency and Efficacy: Considerations for Cell and Gene Therapies

April 1, 2024
Author(s)
Carl Simon Jr., Anne L. Plant, Catherine Zander, Erich Bozenhardt, Christina Celluzzi, David Dobnik, Melanie Grant, John Hughes, Uma Lakshmipathy, Kok-Seong Lim, Laura Montgomery, Hesham Nawar, Thiana Nebel, Linda Peltier, James Sherley, Rouzbeh Taghizadeh, Eddie Tan, Sandrine Vessillier
One of the most challenging aspects of cell and gene therapy products (CGTPs) is defining mechanism of action (MOA), potency and efficacy of the product. This perspective examines these concepts and presents helpful ways to think about them through the
Displaying 26 - 50 of 808