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Displaying 876 - 900 of 143727

Changes in the Chemical Composition of Polyethylene Terephthalate Under UV Radiation in Various Environmental Conditions

August 8, 2024

Author(s)

Li Piin Sung, Rachel Cook, Chunlei Fan, YueJin Li, Sara Rostampour

Polyethylene terephthalate has been widely used in the packaging industry. Degraded PET micro(nano)plastics could pose public health concerns following release into various environments. This study focuses on PET degradation under ultraviolet radiation

NIST Special Publication 376, Metric Ruler

August 8, 2024

Author(s)

Elizabeth Benham, Kristen Dill

NIST SP 376, Metric Ruler is an educational tool designed to teach the International System of Units (SI) length measurements. The design includes approximate scales of 300 mm and 30 cm. One edge is graduated in centimeters by alternating solid markings in

Ratchet Loading and Multi-Ensemble Operation in an Optical Lattice Clock

August 8, 2024

Author(s)

Youssef Hassan, Takumi Kobayashi, Tobias Bothwell, Jacob Siegel, Benjamin Hunt, Kyle Beloy, Kurt Gibble, Tanner Grogan, Andrew Ludlow

We demonstrate programmable control over the spatial distribution of ultra-cold atoms confined in an optical lattice. The control is facilitated through a combination of spatial manipulation of the magneto-optical trap and atomic population shelving to a

Report on The Search Futures Workshop at ECIR 2024

August 7, 2024

Author(s)

Leif Azzopardi, Charles Clarke, Paul Kantor, Bhaskar Mitra, Johanne Trippas, Zhaochun Ren, Ian Soboroff

The First Search Futures Workshop, in conjunction with the Fourty-sixth European Conference on Information Retrieval (ECIR) 2024, looked into the future of search to ask questions such as: ˆ How can we harness the power of generative AI to enhance, improve

Unraveling Thermally Regulated Gating Mechanisms in TPT Pore-Partitioned MOF-74: A Computational Endeavor

August 7, 2024

Author(s)

Gavin McCarver, Morgan Kramer, Taner N. Yildirim, Wei Zhou

In the pursuit of advanced gas adsorption materials, we investigate the thermally activated gating mechanism of functionalized TPT (2,4,6-tri(4-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine) ligands within the one-dimensional channels of Mg-MOF-74. These ligands induce the

Engineering-Guided Deep Learning of Melt-pool Dynamics for Additive Manufacturing Quality Monitoring

August 6, 2024

Author(s)

Siqi Zhang, Hui Yang, Zhuo Yang, Yan Lu

Additive manufacturing fabricates three-dimensional parts via layer-by-layer deposition and solidification of materials. Due to the complexity of this process, advanced sensing is increasingly employed to facilitate system visibility, leading to a large

Low Energy Spiking Neural Network using Ge4Sb6Te7 Phase-Change Memory Synapses

August 6, 2024

Author(s)

Huairuo Zhang, Albert Davydov, Shafin Hamid, Eric Pop, Asir Khan

Spiking neural networks (SNN) with Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) based phase change memory (PCM) synaptic devices are promising for edge applications. However, from a de-vice standpoint, the performance of such SNN is often con-strained by the abrupt depression

A Review of Community Resilience Indicators Using a Systems Measurement Framework

August 5, 2024

Author(s)

Michael Gerst, Maria Dillard, Emily Walpole, Jarrod Loerzel

As natural disasters have increased in frequency and magnitude, there has been an increasing need to understand what underlying factors are likely to lead to faster recovery and more resilient communities. One way of addressing this need has been to

Challenges to extracting spatial information about double P dopants in Si from STM images

August 5, 2024

Author(s)

Garnett W. Bryant, Piotr Rozanski, Michal Zielinski

The design and implementation of dopant-based silicon nanoscale devices rely heavily on knowing precisely the locations of phosphorous dopants in their host crystal. One potential solution combines scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) imaging with atomistic

Contactless Fingerprint Capture and Data Interchange Best Practice Recommendation Revision 1

August 5, 2024

Author(s)

Shahram Orandi, Craig I. Watson, Jennifer Stathakis, John M. Libert, Gregory Fiumara, John Grantham

While contactless fingerprint capture devices stand to provide for many benefits, images from this nascent technology are sufficiently different than traditional contact-collected images thereby warranting the separation of these new contactless

In-line Thermal Desorption and Dielectric Barrier Discharge Ionization for Rapid Mass Spectrometry Detection of Explosives

August 5, 2024

Author(s)

Thomas P. Forbes, Liz Robinson, Edward Sisco, Abigail Koss

Thermal desorption (TD) of wipe-based samples was coupled with an in-line dielectric barrier discharge ionization (DBDI) source and rugged compact time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MS) for the detection of explosives, propellants, and post-blast debris

Network analysis of graduate program support structures through experiences of various demographic groups

August 5, 2024

Author(s)

Robert Dalka, Justyna Zwolak

Physics graduate studies are substantial efforts on the part of individual students, departments, and institutions of higher education. Understanding the factors that lead to student success and attrition is crucial for improving these programs. One factor

The Proteomics Standards Initiative standardized formats for spectral libraries and fragment ion peak annotations: mzSpecLib and mzPAF

August 5, 2024

Author(s)

Joshua Klein, Henry Lam, Tytus Mak, Wout Bittremieux, Yasset Perez-Riverol, Ralf Gabriels, Jim Shofstahl, Helge Hecht, Pierre-Alain Binz, Shin Kawano, Tim Van Den Bossche, Jeremy Carver, Ben Neely, Luis Mendoza, Tomi Suomi, Tine Claeys, Thomas Payne, Douwe Schulte, Zhi Sun, Nils Hoffmann, Yunping Zhu, Steffen Neumann, Andrew Jones, Nuno Bandeira, Juan Antonio Vizcaino, Eric Deutsch

Mass spectral libraries are collections of reference spectra, usually associated with specific analytes from which the spectra were generated, that are used for further downstream analysis of new spectra. There are many different formats used for encoding

Exploratory Study on Low-GWP Working Fluid Mixtures for Industrial High Temperature Heat Pump with 200 degC Supply Temperature

August 3, 2024

Author(s)

Jan Spale, Andreas Hoess, Ian Bell, Davide Ziviani

Single component working fluids, which could be used in a safe, efficient, reliable, and cost‐efficient industrial high temperature heat pump (HTHP) subcritical vapor compression cycle (VCC) for process heat delivery at 200 °C are scarce and come with

Optical n(p, T_90) measurement suite 3: results at l = 1542 nm

August 3, 2024

Author(s)

Patrick Egan, Yuanchao Yang

Single-isotherm n(p, T90) results are reported for the gases Ar, N2, H2O, and D2O at vacuum wavelength λ = 1542.383(1) nm. The argon and nitrogen isotherms were measured near 303 K; the water isotherms were measured near 373 K. Combined with the two

Community-informed Decisions for Equitable, Cost-effective, and Inclusive Disaster Resilience planning (Co-DECIDR): A Hybrid Framework

August 2, 2024

Author(s)

Jennifer Helgeson, Mahdi Zareei, Carissa Knox, Steven Gray, Richard Sadler, Laura Schmitt Olabisi, Chelsea Wentworth

n/a

Metric Conversion Card

August 2, 2024

Author(s)

Elizabeth Benham, Kristen Dill

NIST SP 365, Metric Conversion Card is a laminated wallet size card includes an 8 cm and 80 mm ruler with approximate unit conversion factors between common International System of Units (SI) and U.S. customary measurement units for length, area, mass

Modeling Spiking Neurons without Spikes

August 2, 2024

Author(s)

Jeff Shainline, Bryce Primavera, Ryan O'Loughlin

While spiking neuromorphic hardware holds promise for efficient implementations of artificial intelligence, the impact has been limited due in part to a lack of learning algorithms that achieve performance superior to conventional deep learning. One

A Proposed Experiment to Measure Nonlinear Optical Susceptibilities in the Saturated Regime

August 1, 2024

Author(s)

Zachary H. Levine

When an optical beam passes through a thin slice of a homogeneous material, the change of its phase and amplitude is characterized by its linear and nonlinear susceptibility, the latter also known as the hyperpolarizability. The standard method for

Additive Manufacturing of Highly Entangled Polymer Networks

August 1, 2024

Author(s)

Abhishek Dhand, Matthew Davidson, Hannah Zlotnick, Thomas Kolibaba, Jason Killgore, Jason Burdick

Incorporation of polymer chain entanglements within a single network can synergistically improve stiffness and toughness, yet attaining such dense entanglements through vat photopolymerization additive manufacturing (e.g., digital light processing, DLP)

AI Risk Management Framework - Japanese translation

August 1, 2024

Author(s)

Elham Tabassi

This is the Japanese translation of the NIST AI RMF

AutoRefl: Active Learning in Neutron Reflectometry for Fast Data Acquisition

August 1, 2024

Author(s)

David Hoogerheide, Frank N. Heinrich

Neutron reflectometry (NR) is a powerful technique for interrogating the structure of thin films at interfaces. Because NR measurements are slow and instrument availability is limited, measurement efficiency is paramount. One approach to improving

Bridging Length Scales in Hard Materials with Ultra-Small Angle X-ray Scattering - A Critical Review

August 1, 2024

Author(s)

Fan Zhang, Jan Ilavsky

Due to their exceptional properties, hard materials such as advanced ceramics, metals, and composites have enormous economic and societal values, with applications across numerous industries. Understanding their microstructural characteristics is crucial

Considerations for using Calibration Curves to Infer Oxide Stoichiometry from Atom Probe Tomography Data

August 1, 2024

Author(s)

Ann Chiaramonti Debay, Daniel Schreiber, Karen Kruska, Kayla Yano

Atom probe tomography (APT) is a powerful analytical technique whose strengths lie in its combination of three-dimensional reconstructions, (sub)nanometer spatial resolution, and nominally equal sensitivity to all elements across the periodic table. An

Development of a Simulation Tool for the Intelligent Building Agents Project

August 1, 2024

Author(s)

Amanda Pertzborn

In the U.S., commercial buildings are responsible for approximately 36 % of total energy consumption, and the heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems make up about 52 % of that total. Improving building operations can significantly reduce

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