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Displaying 44726 - 44750 of 73960

Contact Tube Temperature During GMAW

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
G Adam, Thomas A. Siewert, Timothy P. Quinn, D P. Vigliotti
The rate of heating and the maximum temperature reached by the contact tube during gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is quantified. We studied the effect of changes in the contact-tube-to-work distance (CTWD), voltage, welding wire feed speed, gas flow rate

Convalent Cationization Method for the Analysis of Polyethylene by Mass Spectrometry

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
Barry J. Bauer, William E. Wallace, B M. Fanconi, Kathleen M. Flynn
Polyethylene and other polyolefins have not been amenable to mass spectrometric characterization of molecular mass distribution due to the ineffectiveness of conventional methods of cationization. The lack of polar groups, unsaturation, and aromaticity

Critical Dimension Metrology and the Scanning Electron Microscope

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
Michael T. Postek, Andras Vladar
Metrology is a principal enabler for the development and manufacture of current and future generations of semiconductor devices. With the potential of 130-nm, and 100-nm, and even smaller linewidths and high-aspect-ratio structures, the scanning electron

Crystal Chemistry and Phase Equilibria of Selected SrO- R 2 O 3 -CuO x and Related Systems, R=Lanthanides and Yttrium

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Qingzhen Huang, Igor Levin, James A. Kaduk, J Dillingham, T J. Haugan, J Suh, Lawrence P. Cook
This paper investigates and reviews the trend of phase formation and crystal chemistry of selected series of compounds in SrO- R 2O 3-CuO x and related systems. Including in this discussion are (Ba,Sr) 2RCu 3O 6+x, where M = selected representative and

Crystal Structures of Calcium Orthophosphates

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
M Mathew, Shozo Takagi
Calcium phosphates comprise the largest group of biominerals in vertebrate animals. They also have many uses in industry, medicine and everyday life. Orthophosphates are salts of the tribasic phosphoric acid which include H 2PO 4-, HPO 4 2- and PO 4 3-

Crystallographic Texture in Ceramics and Metals

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
Mark D. Vaudin
Preferred crystallographic orientation, or texture, occurs almost universally, both in natural and man-made systems. Many components and devices in electronic and magnetic systems are fabricated from materials that have crystallographic texture. The

Development of Y STR Megaplex Assays

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
R Schoske, John Butler, Peter Vallone, Margaret C. Kline, M. Prinz, A J. Redd, M F. Hammer
Y Chromosome short tandem repeat markers have a number of applications in human identity testing including typing the perpetrator of sexual assault cases without differential extraction and tracing paternal lineages for missing person investigations. In

Dispersion and Nucleating Effects of Clay Fillers in Nanocomposite Polymer Films

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
V Ferreiro, G Schmidt, Charles C. Han, Alamgir Karim
Nanocomposite polymeric materials offer unique properties such as mechanical, electrical, thermal, etc. Such property enhancements are induced not only by the physical presence of the filler but also by the interaction of the polymer with the filler and

Estimating the RMS of a Wavefront and Its Uncertainty

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
Angela Davies, M. Levenson
The root mean square (RMS) of the surface departure or wavefront deformation is a common value to extract from an optical test. The RMS may be a tolerance an optical fabricatior is trying to meet or it may be a parameter used by an optical designer to

Field Enhancement in Apertureless Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
J L. Bohn, David J. Nesbitt, Alan Gallagher
The near field of an apertureless near-field scanning optical microscopy probe is investigated with a multiple-multipole technique to obtain optical fields in the vicinity of a silicon probe tip and a glass substrate. The results demonstrate that electric

Fresh Concrete Rheology - Recent Developments

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
Chiara F. Ferraris, F De Larrard, Nicos Martys
The design of concrete with specified properties for an application is not a new science, but it has taken on a new meaning with the wide use of high performance concretes. The following properties are related to fresh concrete: ease of placement and

Fundamentals of Mass Spectrometry

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
Vladimir G. Zaikin, Alexey V. Varlamov, Anzor I. Mikaia, Nikolay A. Prostakov
This tutorial book explains principles of mass spectrometry (such as ionization of molecules, fragmentation of ions, separation of ions, construction of mass spectrometers) and methods of ionization (electron impact, chemical, electrospray, fast atom

Heavy Ion Induced Soft Breakdown of Thin Gate Oxides

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
J. F. Conley, John S. Suehle, A. H. Johnston, Bin Wang, T Miyahara, Eric M. Vogel, J B. Bernstein
Heavy ion induced soft and hard breakdown are investigated in thin gate oxides as a function of LET, fluence, and voltage applied during irradiation. It is found that post-irradiation oxide conduction is well described by the Sune quantum point contact

Hidden in Plain Sight: Calcium Fluoride's Intrinsic Birefringence

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
John H. Burnett, Zachary H. Levine, Eric L. Shirley
We discuss the phenomena of intrinsic birefringence in cubic crystals that we first characterized experimentally and theoretically in ultraviolet optical materials. We analyze the wavelength dependence, the angular dependence, and symmetry of the effect

High Resolution Infrared Spectra of the N 2 N 3 , N 4 , and 2N 3 Bands of 32 S 16 O 3

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
A G. Maki, Thomas A. Blake, R L. Sams, N Vulpanovici, J Barber, E T. Chrysostom, Tony Masiello, J Nibler, A Weber
New measurements are reported for the infrared spectrum of sulfur trioxide, 32S 16O 3, with resolution ranging from 0.0015 cm -1 to 0.0025 cm -1. Rovibrational constants have been measured for the fundamentals Ņ 2, Ņ 3, and Ņ 4, and the overtone band 2Ņ 3

High-Speed, High-Efficiency. Large-Area Resonant Cavity Enhanced p-i-n Photodiodes for Multimode Fiber Communications

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
M. Gvkkavas, O. Dosunmu, M. S. {Umlat}nl{umlat}, G. Ulu, Richard Mirin, David H. Christensen, E. Vzbay
In this letter, we report AlGaAs-GaAs p-i-n photodiodes with a 3-dB bandwidth in excess of 10 GHz for devices as large as 60-υm diameter. Resonant cavity enhanced photodetection is employed to improve quantum efficiency, resulting in more than 90% peak

Hybrid Fractal Zerotree Wavelet Image Coding

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
R E. Van Dyck, T Kim, D J. Miller
In this paper, a hybrid fractal zerotree wavelet (FZW) image coding algorithm is proposed. The algorithm couples a zerotree-based encoder, such as the embedded zerotree wavelet (EZW) coder or set partitioning in hierarchical trees, and a fractal image
Displaying 44726 - 44750 of 73960
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