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Displaying 35901 - 35925 of 74256

Electrodeposition of Cu on Ru Barrier Layers for Damascene Processing

December 2, 2005
Author(s)
Thomas P. Moffat, Marlon L. Walker, P J. Chen, John E. Bonevich, William F. Egelhoff Jr., Lee J. Richter, Daniel Josell, C A. Witt, T Aaltonen, M Ritala, M Leskela
Superfilling of sub-micrometer trenches by direct copper electrodeposition onto PVD and ALD Ru barriers is demonstrated. The Cu nucleation and growth mode is found to be sensitive to the oxidation state of the Ru surface as well as the copper deposition

A Feature-Based Approach to Embedded System Hardware and Software Co-Design

December 1, 2005
Author(s)
XuanFang Zha, Steven J. Fenves, Ram D. Sriram
An embedded system is a hybrid of hardware and softwarethat combines software flexibility and hardware real-time performance. The co-design of hardware and software is the most critical but difficult issue in embedded system design. In this paper, we

A Low Differential-Pressure Primary Standard for the Range 1 Pa to 13 kPa

December 1, 2005
Author(s)
A P. Miiller, Charles R. Tilford, Jay H. Hendricks
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has completed the development of a low differential-pressure primary standard covering a range from 1 Pa to 13 kPa for operation with line pressures up to 200 kPa. The standard is based on a UIM

Amendments to the Fire Protection and Life Safety Provisions of the New York City Building Code by Local Laws Adopted While World Trade Center 1, 2, and 7 Were in Use. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST

December 1, 2005
Author(s)
J C. Razza, R A. Grill
This report was prepared to support the analysis of building and fire codes and practices of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) World Trade Center (WTC) Investigation. This report supports the objective of documenting the

Analysis and Design of Parallel Mechanisms with Flexure Joints

December 1, 2005
Author(s)
Byoung H. Kang, J Wen, Nicholas Dagalakis, Jason J. Gorman
Flexure joints are frequently used in precision-motion stages and microrobotic mechanisms due to their monolithic construction. The joint compliance, however, can affect the static and dynamic performance of the overall mechanism. In this paper, we

Analysis of Aircraft Impacts into the World Trade Center Towers (Appendixes) Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-2B)

December 1, 2005
Author(s)
Steven W. Kirkpatrick, R. Bocchieri, Fahim Sadek, Robert S. MacNeill, S Holmes, B D. Peterson, R W. Cilke, C Navarro
The baseline structural performance and aircraft impact damage analysis of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Investigation of the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster had two primary tasks: (1) to develop reference structural models of

Analysis of Aircraft Impacts into the World Trade Center Towers (Chapters 9-11). Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-2B)

December 1, 2005
Author(s)
Steven W. Kirkpatrick, Robert T. Bocchieri, Fahim H. Sadek, Robert S. MacNeill, S Holmes, B D. Peterson, R W. Cilke, C Navarro
The objective of this report was to analyze the aircraft impacts into each of the World Trade Center (WTC) towers to provide the following: (1) estimates of probable damage to structural systems due to aircraft impact, including exterior walls, floor

Characterization System for Embedded Gas Sensor Systems-on-a-Chip

December 1, 2005
Author(s)
Muhammad Y. Afridi, Allen R. Hefner Jr., Colleen E. Hood, Richard E. Cavicchi, Stephen Semancik
A characterization system is presented for evaluating critical functions of a microhotplate-based embedded gas-sensor for system-on-a-chip applications. The system uses a virtual instrument interface to control parts-per-billion (ppb) gas concentration

Chip-Scale Atomic Frequency References: Fabrication and Performance

December 1, 2005
Author(s)
John Kitching, Svenja A. Knappe, Li-Anne Liew, John M. Moreland, Hugh Robinson, Peter D. Schwindt, V Shah, V Gerginov, Leo W. Hollberg
The physics package for a chip-scale atomic frequency reference was constructed and tested. The device has a total volume of 9.5 mm 3, dissipates 75 mW of electrical power at an ambient temperature of 45 °C and has a short-term fractional frequency

Creation of a six-atom Schrodinger cat state

December 1, 2005
Author(s)
Dietrich G. Leibfried, Emanuel H. Knill, Signe Seidelin, Joseph W. Britton, Brad R. Blakestad, J Chiaverini, David Hume, Wayne M. Itano, John D. Jost, C. Langer, R Ozeri, Rainer Reichle, David J. Wineland
Among highly entangled states of multiple quantum systems, Schrödinger cat states are particularly useful. Cat states are equal superpositions of two maximally different quantum states. They are a fundamental resource in fault-tolerant quantum computing
Displaying 35901 - 35925 of 74256
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