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Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 31551 - 31575 of 73697

Fluorescence during Doppler cooling of a single trapped atom

November 26, 2007
Author(s)
Janus Wesenberg, Dietrich G. Leibfried, Brad R. Blakestad, Joseph W. Britton, Ryan Epstein, Jonathan Home, Wayne M. Itano, John D. Jost, Emanuel H. Knill, C. Langer, R. Ozeri, Signe Seidelin, David J. Wineland
We investigate the temporal dynamics of Doppler cooling of a single trapped atom in the weak binding regime using a semi-classical model. We develop an analytical model for the simplest case of a single vibrational mode for a harmonic trap, and show how

Overview of TREC 2006

November 26, 2007
Author(s)
Ellen M. Voorhees
This report provides an overview of the fifteenth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 2006. TREC 2006 was held at NIST on November 16-19, 2006. The conference was cosponsored by NIST and the Disruptive Technology Office (DTO). The conference attracted 107

TREC: Continuing Information Retrieval's Tradition of Experimentation

November 26, 2007
Author(s)
Ellen M. Voorhees
This article provides a high-level overview of the history, results and impact of NIST's Text REtrieval Conference (TREC). The article will appear in a special issue of the Communications of the ACM devoted to experimentation in computer science.

Using Storage Encryption Technologies to Protect End User Devices

November 26, 2007
Author(s)
Shirley M. Radack
This bulletin summarizes the guidance developed by NIST and published in SP 800-111 to help organizations secure their end user devices, and deter unauthorized parties from accessing the stored information. The bulletin explains three classes of storage

Decentralized Trust Domain Management in Multiple Grid Environments

November 25, 2007
Author(s)
Chung Tong Hu, Karen A. Scarfone, David F. Ferraiolo
Trust domain management for the global access of a grid is managed under centralized schema for most of the current grid architectures, which are designed based on the concept that there is only one grid for every grid member, therefore requiring central

Nanomechanical Mapping with Resonance Tracking Scanned Probe Microscope

November 23, 2007
Author(s)
Anthony B. Kos, Donna C. Hurley
We present a new digital-signal-processor-based resonance tracking system for scanned probe microscopy (SPM) imaging. The system was developed to enable quantitative imaging of mechanical properties with nanoscale spatial resolution at practical data

Quantifying the Surface Coverage of Conjugate Moleucles on Functionalized Nanoparticles

November 22, 2007
Author(s)
Leonard F. Pease III, De-Hao D. Tsai, Rebecca A. Zangmeister, M Zachariah, Michael J. Tarlov
Electrospray-differential mobility analysis (ES-DMA) represents an attractive tool to determine directly the coverage and conformation of long, flexible molecules on engineered nanoparticles. For example, nanoparticles coated with single-stranded DNA

Test Sequence Generation for Integration Testing of Component Software

November 22, 2007
Author(s)
Leonard J. Gallagher, Jeff Offutt
Ensuring high object interoperability is a goal of integration testing for object-oriented software. When messages are sent, receiving objects should respond as intended. Ensuring this is especially difficult when software uses components that are

Characterizing Polymer Brushes via Surface Wrinkling

November 21, 2007
Author(s)
Heqing Huang, Jun Y. Chung, Adam J. Nolte, Christopher M. Stafford
We present the application of surface wrinkling to measure the properties of polymer brush layers tethered to the surface of a deformable silicone substrate. It is demonstrated that the wavelength of the wrinkling pattern linearly increases with the length

DUC in Context

November 21, 2007
Author(s)
Paul D. Over, Hoa T. Dang, Donna K. Harman
Recent years have seen increased interest in text summarization with emphasis on evaluation of prototype ststems. Many factors can affect the design of such evaluations, requiring choices among competing alternatives. This paper examines several major

Learning Traversability Models for Autonomous Mobile Vehicles

November 21, 2007
Author(s)
Michael O. Shneier, Tommy Chang, Tsai Hong Hong, William P. Shackleford
Autonomous mobile robots need to adapt their behavior to the terrain over which they drive, and to predict the traversability of the terrain so that they can effectively plan their paths. Such robots usually make use of a set of sensors to investigate the

Uncertainty budget for the NIST Electron Counting Capacitance Standard, ECCS- 1

November 21, 2007
Author(s)
Mark W. Keller, Neil M. Zimmerman, Ali L. Eichenberger
We measure a cryogenic, vacuum-gap capacitor by two methods: 1) charging it with a known number of electrons and measuring the resulting voltage, and 2) using a capacitance bridge traceable to the SI farad. We report a detailed uncertainty budget for the

A Step Towards CO2-Neutral Aviation

November 20, 2007
Author(s)
Andreja Brankovic, Robert C. Ryder, Robert C. Hendricks, Marcia L. Huber
An approximation method for evaluation of the caloric equations used in combustion chemistry simulations is described. The method is applied to generate the specific heat, static enthalpy, and Gibb's free energy equations for fuel mixtures of interest to

Block Copolymer Ordering With a Spatiotemporally Inhomogeneous Mobility

November 20, 2007
Author(s)
August W. Bosse, Jack F. Douglas, Brian Berry, Ronald L. Jones, Alamgir Karim
Motivated by recent measurements of zone annealing in block copolymer films at low temperatures, we implement a spatiotemporal mobility gradient with intrinsic variations associated with dynamic heterogeneities in the saddle point relaxation of a diblock

Bulk Silicon Is Susceptible to Fatigue

November 19, 2007
Author(s)
Sanjit Bhowmick, Juan J. Melendez-Martinez, Brian R. Lawn
It has long been held that bulk silicon is immune from fatigue. We present contrary evidence demonstrating severe fatigue in macroscale cracks produced in cyclic loading of single-crystal silicon with a sphere indenter. The key ingredient is a component of

Generation and Manipulation of H-Anim CAESAR Scan Bodies

November 19, 2007
Author(s)
Qiming Wang, Sanford P. Ressler
In this paper we present a procedure to create animated human models compliant with the H-Anim specification from 3D CAESAR scan bodies, which were captured using a whole body scan device. We also present a VRML prototype of an ¿Animated CAESAR Viewer¿ to

Porous Silicon Biosensor for MS2 Virus

November 19, 2007
Author(s)
Andrea Rossi, Lili Wang, Vytas Reipa, Thomas E. Murphy
Nanoporous silicon was discovered in the 1950 s and has unique properties due to quantum confinement effects. It is produced by electrochemical etching in HF containing electrolytes that allows to tune the pore diameter from a few nanometers up to several

High-Q GaN nanowire resonators and oscillators

November 16, 2007
Author(s)
Shawn M. Tanner, Jason M. Gray, Charles T. Rogers, Kristine A. Bertness, Norman Sanford
We report high mechanical quality factors Q for GaN nanowire cantilevers grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Nanowires with 30-500 nm diameters and 5-20 υm lengths having resonance frequencies from 400 kHz to 2.8 MHz were measured. Q near room temperature and

Characterization of 3-Color CARS in a 2-Pulse Broadband CARS Spectrum

November 15, 2007
Author(s)
Young Jong Lee, Marcus T. Cicerone, Yuexin Liu
We present a new and simple approach to broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy that yields background-free vibrational spectra. We present evidence for a mechanism where two different frequency components in a continuum pulse

Guide to Storage Encryption Technologies for End User Devices

November 15, 2007
Author(s)
Karen A. Scarfone, Murugiah P. Souppaya, Matt Sexton
Many threats against end user devices, such as desktop and laptop computers, smart phones, personal digital assistants, and removable media, could cause information stored on the devices to be accessed by unauthorized parties. To prevent such disclosures
Displaying 31551 - 31575 of 73697
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