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Displaying 276 - 300 of 546

An algorithm for compensation of short-period errors in optical encoders

September 24, 2015
Author(s)
Marcus H. Mendenhall, Donald A. Windover, Albert Henins, James P. Cline
We present a simple way to collect data from an optical position or angle encoder with a readout which interpolates values between the optical features, and to process this data set so as to determine the short-range errors which arise from an

Benchmarks for genome sequencing

September 23, 2015
Author(s)
Justin M. Zook, Marc L. Salit
In this issue, Griffith et al. present one of the most comprehensive genome-sequence data sets to date from a patient with myeloid leukemia, including sequencing of normal tissue, primary cancer, and a relapse. Their raw data from a variety of sequencing

Establishing Traceability to NIST SRM 2391c: PCR-Based DNA Profiling Standard

September 16, 2015
Author(s)
Carolyn R. Steffen, Margaret C. Kline, David L. Duewer, Peter Vallone
The NIST Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2391c: PCR-Based DNA Profiling Standard was updated in April 2015 to contain new information relevant to the forensic community. Previously, there were certified genotypes for 24 autosomal STR markers plus

Development of an Ultra-Pure, Carrier-Free 209Po Solution Standard

July 23, 2015
Author(s)
Ronald Colle, Ryan P. Fitzgerald, Lizbeth Laureano-Perez
Ultra-pure, carrier-free 209Po solution standards have been prepared and standardized for their massic alpha-particle emission rate. The standards, which will be disseminated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as Standard

Quantifying and Improving Clinical-grade Coverage and Accuracy using Augmented Exome Sequencing

July 16, 2015
Author(s)
Justin M. Zook, Anil Patwardhan, Marc L. Salit, Carlos Bustamante, Euan Ashley, Michael Snyder, John West, Richard Chen
Exome sequencing is increasingly used for the clinical evaluation of genetic disease, yet accuracy and coverage in medically interpretable parts of the genome remains under-characterized. We evaluate recently developed exome sequencing platforms in the

MEMS optomechanical accelerometry standards

July 8, 2015
Author(s)
Felipe Guzman, Yiliang Bao, Jason J. Gorman, John R. Lawall, Jacob M. Taylor, Thomas W. LeBrun
Current acceleration primary standards reach relative uncertainties of the order of 0.001 and consist of complex test facilities, typically operated at National Metrology Institutes. Our research focuses on the development of silicon mechanical oscillator

Optomechanical Motion Sensors

July 8, 2015
Author(s)
Felipe Guzman, Oliver Gerberding, John T. Melcher, Julian Stirling, Jon R. Pratt, Gordon A. Shaw, Jacob M. Taylor
Compact optical cavities can be combined with motion sensors to yield unprecedented resolution and SI-traceability in areas such as acceleration sensing and atomic force microscopy AFM, among others. We have incorporated Fabry-Perot fiber-optic micro

Best Practices for Evaluating Single Nucleotide Variant Calling Methods for Microbial Genomics

July 7, 2015
Author(s)
Nathanael D. Olson, Steven P. Lund, Rebecca Colman, Jeffery T. Foster, Jason W. Sahl, James M. Schupp, Paul Keim, Jayne B. Morrow, Marc L. Salit, Justin M. Zook
Innovations in sequencing technologies have allowed biologists to make incredible advances in understanding biological systems. As experience grows, researchers increasingly recognize that analyzing the wealth of data provided by these new sequencing

Design and Capabilities of NISTs Scale-Model Smokestack Simulator (SMSS)

April 17, 2015
Author(s)
Aaron N. Johnson, Joey T. Boyd, Eric Harman, Mohammad M. Khalil, Jacob E. Ricker, Christopher J. Crowley, Rodney A. Bryant, Iosif I. Shinder
The amount of CO 2 emitted from a coal-fired power plant (CFPP) is measured by continuous emissions monitoring systems (CEMS) permanently installed in the exhaust smokestack. Both the CO 2 concentration and the bulk flow are continuously measured by CEMS

Building a Spring-Transport Mechanism for Spinning Rotor Gauges

April 3, 2015
Author(s)
James A. Fedchak, Julia K. Scherschligt, Makfir Sefa, Nick Phandinh
Spinning rotor gauges (SRGs) are widely used as transfer standards in inter-laboratory comparisons and as secondary standards by calibration laboratories. In both of these applications, it is necessary to ship the SRG for calibration, often internationally

Perfluorinated Alkyl Acids in Abiotic Standard Reference Materials

April 1, 2015
Author(s)
Jessica Reiner, Jennifer Lynch, Andrea Blaine, Christopher Higgins, Carin Huset, Thomas Jenkins, Christiaan Kwadijk, Cleston Lange, Derek Muir, William K. Reagen, Courtney Rich, Jeff Small, Mark J. Strynar, John Washington, Hoon Yoo
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has a wide range of Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) which have values assigned for legacy organic pollutants and toxic elements. Existing SRMs serve as homogenous materials that can be used for

An analytical framework for optimizing variant discovery from personal genomes

February 25, 2015
Author(s)
Justin M. Zook, Gareth Highnam, Jason Wang, Dean Kusler, Vinaya Vijayan, Nir Leibovich, David Mittelman
The standardization and performance testing of analysis tools is a prerequisite to widespread adoption of high-throughput sequencing, particularly in the clinic. However, performance testing is currently complicated by the paucity of standards and

Application of NMR-based Metabolomics for Environmental Assessment in the Great Lakes using Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) polymorpha)

February 21, 2015
Author(s)
Miki Watanabe, Katherine Meyer, Tyler Jackson, Tracey Johnston, Ed Johnson, Dan Bearden
Zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, in the Great Lakes is being monitored as a bio-indicator organism for environmental health effects by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Mussel Watch program. In order to monitor the environmental

Designing a standard for strain mapping: HR-EBSD analysis of SiGe thin film structures on Si

January 1, 2015
Author(s)
Mark D. Vaudin, William A. Osborn, Lawrence H. Friedman, Justin M. Gorham, Robert F. Cook, Victor Vartanian
Patterned SiGe thin film structures, heteroepitaxially deposited on Si substrates, are investigated as potential reference standards to establish the accuracy of high resolution electron backscattered diffraction (HR-EBSD) strain measurement methods. The

NIST Micronutrients Measurement Quality Assurance Program Winter, Spring, and Fall 1992 Comparability Studies: Results for Round Robins XXIV, XXV, and XXVI Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Carotenoids in Human Serum and Round Robin 3 Ascorbic Acid in Human Serum

December 19, 2014
Author(s)
Jeanice M. Brown Thomas, Neal E. Craft, David L. Duewer, Kline Margaret, Sam A. Margolis, Willie E. May, Katherine E. Sharpless
The National Institute of Standards and Technology coordinates the Micronutrients Measurement Quality Assurance Program (MMQAP) for laboratories that measure fat- and water-soluble vitamins and carotenoids in human serum and plasma. This report describes

NIST Micronutrients Measurement Quality Assurance Program Winter, Spring, and Fall 1993 Comparability Studies: Results for Round Robins XXVII, XXVIII, and XXIX Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Carotenoids in Human Serum and Round Robin 4 Ascorbic Acid in Human Se

December 19, 2014
Author(s)
Jeanice M. Brown Thomas, David L. Duewer, Kline Margaret, Sam A. Margolis, Willie E. May, Katherine E. Sharpless
The National Institute of Standards and Technology coordinates the Micronutrients Measurement Quality Assurance Program (MMQAP) for laboratories that measure fat- and water-soluble vitamins and carotenoids in human serum and plasma. This report describes
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