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Physics

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Displaying 426 - 450 of 2493

Individual qubit addressing of rotating ion crystals in a Penning trap

July 25, 2022
Author(s)
Anthony M. Polloreno, Ana Maria Rey, John J. Bollinger
Trapped ions boast long coherence times, and excellent gate fidelities, making them a useful platform for quantum information processing. Scaling to larger numbers of ion qubits, potentially solved by photonic interconnects between Paul traps, or by

Floquet engineering topological Dirac bands

July 22, 2022
Author(s)
Ian Spielman, Mingwu Lu, Amilson R. Fritsch, Graham Reid, Alina Pineiro Escalera
We experimentally realized a time-periodically modulated 1D lattice for ultracold atoms featuring a pair of linear bands, each associated with a Floquet winding number: a topological invariant. These bands are spin-momentum locked and almost perfectly

Fundamental Physics with a State-of-the-Art Optical Clock in Space

July 21, 2022
Author(s)
Andrei Derevianko, Kurt Gibble, Leo Hollberg, Nathan R. Newbury, Chris Oates, Marianna Safranova, Laura Sinclair
Recent advances in optical atomic clocks and optical time transfer have enabled new possibilities in precision metrology for both tests of fundamental physics and timing applications. Here we describe a space mission concept that would place a state-of-the

Comparison of two multiplexed portable cold atom vacuum standards

July 15, 2022
Author(s)
Lucas Ehinger, Bishnu Acharya, Daniel Barker, James A. Fedchak, Julia Scherschligt, Eite Tiesinga, Stephen Eckel
We compare the vacuum measured by two portable cold atom vacuum standards (pCAVS) based on ultracold $^7$Li atoms. Our pCAVS devices share the same laser system and measure the vacuum concurrently. The two pCAVS together detected a leak with a rate on the

The Expanding Role of National Metrology Institutes in the Quantum Era

July 12, 2022
Author(s)
Alexander Tzalenchuk, Nicolas Spethmann, Tim Prior, Jay H. Hendricks, Yijie Pan, Vladimir Bubanja, Guilherme Temporao, Dai-Hyuk Yu, Damir Ilic, Barbara L. Goldstein
Now that all base units are defined in terms of fundamental constants and can thus — at least in principle — be realized anytime and anywhere, rather than through a measurement chain leading back to unique physical artefacts, who holds the traceability

Computational Study of the Allosteric Effects of p5 on the CDK5-p25 Hyperactivity as Alternative Inhibitory Mechanisms in Neurodegeneration

June 30, 2022
Author(s)
Tejaswi Tammareddy, Walid Keyrouz, Ram D. Sriram, Harish C. Pant, Antonio Cardone, Jeffery B. Klauda
The cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK5) forms a stable complex with its activator p25, leading to the hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins and to the formation of plaques and tangles that are considered to be one of the typical causes of Alzheimer's disease (AD

Atomic Spectroscopy

June 25, 2022
Author(s)
William C. Martin, Wolfgang L. Wiese, Alexander Kramida
This chapter outlines the main concepts of atomic structure, with some emphasis on terminology and notation. Atomic radiation is discussed, in particular the wavelengths, intensities, and shapes of spectral lines, and a few remarks are made regarding

Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopic Detection of Ethanol: A Side-by-Side Comparison of ZnO and HKUST-1 MOFs as Sensing Media

June 25, 2022
Author(s)
Papa Amoah, Pentao Lin, Zeinab Mohammed Hassan, Rhonda Franklin, Engelbert Redel, Helmut Baumgart, Yaw S. Obeng
Changes in the chemo-electrical intrinsic properties of metal-oxide materials (MO) are commonly used as the basis of gas sensors. The most common gas sensors are based on chemically induced changes in electrical resistivity which necessarily involve making

Design of an electrostatic feedback for an experiment to measure G

June 20, 2022
Author(s)
Stephan Schlamminger, Leon Chao, Vincent Lee, David B. Newell, Clive Speake
The torsion pendulum at the heart of the BIPM apparatus to measure the gravitational constant, $G$, is used to measure the gravitational torque between source and test-mass assemblies with two methods. In the Cavendish method, the pendulum moves freely. In

New Constraints on Dark Photon Dark Matter with Superconducting Nanowire Detectors in an Optical Haloscope

June 10, 2022
Author(s)
Jeff Chiles, Ilya Charaev, Asimina Arvanitaki, Masha Baryakhtar, junwu huang, Robert Lasenby, Ken Van Tillburg, Alexana Roshko, George Burton, Marco Colangelo, Sae Woo Nam, Karl Berggren
Uncovering the nature of dark matter is one of the most important goals of particle physics. Light bosonic particles, such as the dark photon, are well-motivated candidates: they are generically long-lived, weakly-interacting, and naturally produced in the

Physics-assisted Generative Adversarial Network for X-Ray Tomography

June 10, 2022
Author(s)
Zhen Guo, Jungki Song, George Barbastathis, Michael Glinsky, Courtenay Vaughan, Kurt Larson, Bradley Alpert, Zachary H. Levine
X-ray tomography is capable of imaging the interior of objects in three dimensions non-invasively, with applications in biomedical imaging, materials study, electronic inspection, and other fields. The reconstruction process can be an ill-conditioned

Evidence that gecko setae are coated with an ordered nanometer-thin lipid film

June 9, 2022
Author(s)
Cherno Jaye, Daniel A. Fischer, Mette Rasmussen, Katinka Holler, Joe Baio, Stanislav Gorb, Tobias Weidner
Motivated by the fascination of gecko adhesion based on the fibrous setae at the tips of their toe pads and their potential for biomimetic applications, the adhesion mechanism has been studied in detail. While the mechanism has been shown to be based on

High Energy X-Ray Diffraction and Small-Angle Scattering Measurements of Hydrogen Fatigue Damage in AISI 4130 Steel

June 4, 2022
Author(s)
Matthew Connolly, May Ling Martin, Peter Bradley, Damian Lauria, Andrew Slifka, Jun-Sang Park, Robert Amaro, Jonathan Almer
Accurate lifetime predictions are critical for repurposing existing pipelines for hydrogen transmission as well as for developing novel steels which are minimally susceptible to lifetime degradation by hydrogen. Ultimately, lifetime prediction models

Measurement-induced quantum phases realized in a trapped-ion quantum computer

June 2, 2022
Author(s)
Michael Gullans, Alexey Gorshkov, David Huse, Christopher Monroe, Crystal Noel, Pradeep Niroula, Daiwei Zhu, Andrew Risinger, Laird Egan, Debopriyo Biswas, Marko Cetina
Many-body open quantum systems balance internal dynamics against decoherence from interactions with an environment. Here, we explore this balance via random quantum circuits implemented on a trapped-ion quantum computer, where the system evolution is
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