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Forensic Science

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Displaying 426 - 450 of 540

WSQ Problem with Two-Thumb Captures from Large Platen Live-Scan Devices

November 18, 2010
Author(s)
Craig I. Watson
This paper investigates an issue with the Wavelet Scalar Quantization (WSQ) compression algorithm which causes severe degradation of the compressed image. The problem was first noticed when compressing the two-thumb images from live-scan identification

Scientific Issues with Analysis of Low Amounts of DNA

September 7, 2010
Author(s)
John Butler, Becky Steffen
Faced with limited evidence that yield low amounts of DNA, forensic analysts will continually have to confront the question of how far to push DNA testing techniques. Low copy number (LCN) analysis, also known as low template DNA (LT-DNA) testing, involves

Striation Density for Predicting the Identifiability of Fired Bullets

September 1, 2010
Author(s)
Wei Chu, Jun-Feng Song, Theodore V. Vorburger, Susan M. Ballou
Without a selection procedure to exclude the bullets having insufficient individualized ballistics signature, automated ballistics identification systems will correlate an evidence bullet with all reference bullets stored in the database. Correlations that

Topography measurements for correlations of standard cartridge cases

July 1, 2010
Author(s)
Theodore V. Vorburger, Jun-Feng Song, Wei Chu, Thomas Brian Renegar, Xiaoyu Alan Zheng, James H. Yen, Robert M. Thompson, Richard M. Silver, Benjamin Bachrach, Martin Ols
NIST Standard Reference Materials (SRM) 2460 Standard Bullets and 2461 Standard Cartridge Cases are intended for use as check standards for crime laboratories to help verify that their computerized optical imaging equipment for ballistics image

Forensics Web Services

June 30, 2010
Author(s)
Anoop Singhal, Murat Gunestas, Duminda Wijesekera
Web services are currently a preferred way to architect and provide complex services. This complexity arises due to the composition of new services and dynamically invoking existing services. These compositions create service inter-dependencies that can be

Smart Phone Tool Specification

April 23, 2010
Author(s)
Richard Ayers
This paper defines requirements for mobile device applications capable of acquiring data from smart phones operating over a Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) network and a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) network, and test methods used to

Smart Phone Tool Test Assertions and Test Plan

April 23, 2010
Author(s)
Richard Ayers
This paper defines assertions and test cases for mobile device applications capable of acquiring data from mobile devices operating over a Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) networks, used to determine

Automated Mapping of Explosives Particles in Composition C-4 Fingerprints

March 1, 2010
Author(s)
Jennifer R. Verkouteren, Jessica L. Staymates, Inho Cho
A method is described to perform automated mapping of RDX particles in C-4 fingerprints. The method employs polarized light microscopy and image analysis to map the entire fingerprint and the distribution of RDX particles. The approach is relatively quick

Guide to SIMfill Use and Development

February 24, 2010
Author(s)
Wayne Jansen, Aurelien M. Delaitre
SIMfill is a proof-of-concept, open source, application developed by NIST to populate identity modules with test data, as a way to assess the recovery capability of mobile forensic tools. An initial set of test data is also provided with SIMfill as a

Three steps towards metrological traceability for ballistics signature measurements

February 1, 2010
Author(s)
Jun-Feng Song, Theodore V. Vorburger, Robert M. Thompson, Thomas Brian Renegar, Xiaoyu Alan Zheng, Li Ma, James H. Yen, Martin Ols
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in collaboration with the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) has developed the Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2460 bullets and 2461 casings. NIST and ATF are proposing to

SRM NIST Standard Reference Materials Catalog, January 2010

January 4, 2010
Author(s)
Regina R. Montgomery, Joan C. Sauerwein
NIST Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) are used by industry, government, and academia to ensure the highest quality measurements. This catalog lists over 1100 individual reference materials produced and sold by NIST, each with carefully assigned values

Traceability for Ballistics Signature Measurements in Forensic Science

December 1, 2009
Author(s)
Jun-Feng Song, Theodore V. Vorburger, Susan M. Ballou, Li Ma, Thomas Brian Renegar, Xiaoyu Alan Zheng, Martin Ols
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in collaboration with the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) has developed the Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2460 Bullets and 2461 Casings. NIST has also developed a 2D

A METHODOLOGY FOR DETECTING RESIDUAL PHOSPHORIC ACID IN POLYBENZOXAZOLE FIBERS

November 24, 2009
Author(s)
Eun S. Park, John R. Sieber, Charles M. Guttman, Kirk D. Rice, Kathleen M. Flynn, Stephanie S. Watson, Gale A. Holmes
There is great interest in the degradation of ballistic fibers from exposure to sunlight and high humidity, because it directly affects the lives of people who use protective ballistic armor. However, to date, no mechanism has been found to explain how

Mobile Forensic Reference Materials: a Methodology and Reification

October 14, 2009
Author(s)
Wayne Jansen, Aurelien M. Delaitre
This report concerns the theoretical and practical issues with automatically populating mobile devices with reference test data for use as reference materials in validation of forensic tools. It describes an application and data set developed to populate

NIST SRM (Standard Reference Material) 2460/2461 Standard Bullets and Casings Project

October 13, 2009
Author(s)
Jun-Feng Song, Thomas Brian Renegar, Xiaoyu Alan Zheng, Robert M. Thompson, Richard M. Silver, Martin M. Ols, Ted T. Vorburger
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in collaboration with the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) has developed the Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2460 Bullets and 2461 Cartridge Cases. NIST has also

A Coherent Approach for Interrogating Polybenzoxazole Fibers for Residual Phosphoric Acid

September 17, 2009
Author(s)
Gale A. Holmes, Eun S. Park, Charles M. Guttman, Kathleen M. Flynn, John R. Sieber, Stephanie S. Watson, Kirk D. Rice
Because of the premature failure of soft-body armor that contains the active fiber poly [(benzo-[1,2-d:5,4-d']-benzoxazole-2,6-diyl)-1,4-phenylene] (PBO), the Office of Law Enforcement Standards (OLES) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology

A New 26plex Autosomal STR Assay to Aid Human Identity Testing*(dagger)

September 1, 2009
Author(s)
Carolyn R. Steffen, John M. Butler, Peter Vallone
Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become the standard in forensic testing. Currently there are two commercial multiplex PCR amplification kits available that simultaneously amplify 16 short tandem repeat (STR) loci that include the 13 FBI

Hashing Techniques for Mobile Device Forensics

June 15, 2009
Author(s)
Richard Ayers, Shira Danker, Rick Mislan
Technological advances found in mobile devices today, equal or exceed that of the computing power present in desktop computers of less than a decade ago. As mobile devices proliferate, techno-logical advances provide users with increased power, range

Mobile Device Forensics - Tool Testing

May 6, 2009
Author(s)
Richard Ayers
The goal of the Computer Forensic Tool Testing (CFTT) project at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is to establish a methodology for testing computer forensic software tools. The results provide information necessary for toolmakers

Non-GSM Mobile Device Tool Specification

January 7, 2009
Author(s)
Richard Ayers
As mobile devices proliferate, incorporating a host of integrated features and capabilities, their use can be seen everywhere in our world today. Mobile communication devices contain a wealth of sensitive and non-sensitive information. In the investigative
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