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Forensic Science

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Displaying 251 - 275 of 528

Cannabinoid Vapor Pressures to Aid in Vapor Phase Detection of Intoxication

June 27, 2017
Author(s)
Tara Lovestead, Thomas J. Bruno
The quest for a reliable means to detect cannabis intoxication with a br eathalyzer is ongoing. In order to design such a device, it is important to understand the basic fundamental thermodynamics of the compounds of interest. Herein, the vapor pressures

Inferring previously uninstalled applications from digital traces

May 25, 2017
Author(s)
Jim Jones, Tahir Kahn, Kathryn B. Laskey, Alexander J. Nelson, Mary T. Laamanen, Douglas R. White
In this paper, we present an approach and experimental results to suggest the past presence of an application after the application has been uninstalled and the system has remained in use. Current techniques rely on the recovery of intact artifacts and

Rapid Detection of Fentanyl, Fentanyl Analogues, and Opioids for on-Site or Laboratory Based Drug Seizure Screening using Thermal Desorption DART-MS and Ion Mobility Spectrometry

April 27, 2017
Author(s)
Edward Sisco, Jennifer R. Verkouteren, Jessica L. Staymates, Jeffrey Lawrence
Fentanyl and fentanyl analogues represent a current and emerging threat in the United States as pure illicit narcotics and as cutting agents with heroin. Because of their extreme potency, methods to safely and rapidly detect these compounds are of high

MediFor Nimble Challenge Evaluation

April 17, 2017
Author(s)
Jonathan G. Fiscus, Haiying Guan, Yooyoung Lee, Amy Yates, Andrew Delgado, Daniel F. Zhou, Timothee N. Kheyrkhah

Assessment of Closed Circuit Television Digital Video Recording and Export Technologies

March 6, 2017
Author(s)
Michael Garris, Mary T. Laamanen, Craig S. Russell, Lawrence D. Nadel
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in collaboration with the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) conducted research to define and recommend an interoperable data solution to assist law enforcement in acquiring and analyzing digital

A comment on the PCAST report: Skip the "match"/"non-match" stage

March 1, 2017
Author(s)
Geoffrey S. Morrison, David H. Kaye, David J. Balding, Duncan Taylor, Phillip Dawid, Colin Aitken, Simone N. Gittelson, Grzegorz Zadora, Bernard Robertson, Sheila Willis, Susan Pope, Martin Neil, Kristy A. Martire, Amanda Hepler, Richard Gill, Allan Jamieson, Jacob de Zoete, R. B. Ostrum, Amke Caliebe
This letter comments on the report "Forensic science in criminal courts: Ensuring scientific validity of feature-comparison methods" recently released by the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST). The report advocates a

Imaging and Analysis of Encapsulated Objects through Self-Assembled Electron and Optically Transparent Graphene Oxide Membrane

January 23, 2017
Author(s)
Alexander Yulaev, Alexey Lipatov, Annie Xi Lu, Alexander Sinitskii, Leite Marina, Andrei Kolmakov
We demonstrate a technique for facile adhesion and encapsulation of micro- and nano objects on arbitrary substrates, stencils, and micro structured surfaces by ultrathin graphene oxide membranes via a simple drop casting of graphene oxide solution. A

Measurements and Scoring Procedures for Footwear Impression Comparisons

December 16, 2016
Author(s)
Martin Herman
A software system under development at NIST, called SHOECALC, will be described. It is designed to help both researchers and footwear examiners in the assessment of metrics or scoring procedures that provide objective characterizations of correspondences

Recommendation: Closed Circuit Television(CCTV) Digital Video Export Profile - Level 0

December 12, 2016
Author(s)
Michael Garris, Mary T. Laamanen, Craig S. Russell, Lawrence D. Nadel
This document is a recommendation prescribing a data interchange format for the syntactic representation of information needed to achieve a base "Level 0" of interoperability when exporting and processing video recordings captured by closed circuit

NIST Ballistics Toolmark Research Database

December 5, 2016
Author(s)
Xiaoyu Alan Zheng, Johannes A. Soons, Robert M. Thompson
The NIST Ballistics Toolmark Research Database (NBTRD) is an open-access research database of bullet and cartridge case toolmark data. The development of the database is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Justice's National Institute of Justice. The

Introduction to CFTT and CFReDS Projects at NIST

October 3, 2016
Author(s)
Jungheum Park, James R. Lyle, Barbara Guttman
Along with the development and propagation of Information & Communication Technology (ICT), digital evidence becomes more common and crucial to solving various types of cases. In this environment, there have been a lot of activities to research and develop

A Probabilistic Network Forensics Model for Evidence Analysis

September 20, 2016
Author(s)
Changwei Liu, Anoop Singhal, Duminda Wijesekera
Modern-day attackers tend to use sophisticated multi-stage/multi-host attack techniques and anti-forensics tools to cover their attack traces. Due to the current limitations of intrusion detection and forensic analysis tools, reconstructing attack

DNA Commission of the International Society for Forensic Genetics: Recommendations on the validation of software programs performing biostatistical calculations for forensic genetics applications

September 4, 2016
Author(s)
Michael D. Coble, John S. Buckleton, John M. Butler, Barbara Guttman
The use of biostatistical software programs to assist in data interpretation and calculate likelihood ratios is essential to forensic geneticists and part of the daily case work flow for both kinship and DNA identification laboratories. Previous

Evaluation of Forensic DNA Mixture Evidence: Guidelines for Evaluation, Interpretation, and Statistical Calculations using the Combined Probability of Inclusion

August 31, 2016
Author(s)
Frederick R. Bieber, John Buckleton, Bruce Budowle, John Butler, Michael D. Coble
The evaluation and interpretation of forensic DNA mixture evidence faces greater interpretational challenges due to increasingly complex mixture evidence. Such challenges include: casework involving low quantity or degraded evidence leading to allele and
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