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Fire

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Displaying 2326 - 2350 of 3902

Fragility Curves, Damage Matrices, and Wind-Induced Loss Estimation

June 1, 2002
Author(s)
James J. Filliben, K Gurley, J P. Pinelli, Emil Simiu, M Subramanian
This note presents a conceptual framework for the definition of basic damage states and of the corresponding fragility curves and conditional probabilities, and its use for the estimation of damage matrices. The framework is designed with two

High-Strength Concrete at High Temperature - An Overview

June 1, 2002
Author(s)
Long T. Phan
This paper presents results of NIST's experimental program on the effects of elevated temperature exposure on the mechanical properties and potential for explosive spalling of high strength concrete (HSC). Mechanical properties of HSC were measured by

Measured Versus Predicted Performance of Building Integrated Photovoltaics

June 1, 2002
Author(s)
Mark W. Davis, Arthur H. Fanney, Brian P. Dougherty
The lack of predictive performance tools creates a barrier to the widespread use of building integrated photovoltaic panels. The National Institute of Standards and Technology has created a building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) test bed to capture

Multizone Modeling Approaches to Contaminant-Based Design

June 1, 2002
Author(s)
A L. Musser, Andrew K. Persily
Indoor air quality is currently addressed in the design process primarily through prescriptive building codes based on specified flow rates. However, a contaminant-based design approach opens the door to design innovation, offering opportunities for

Proceedings of the 12th Halon Options Technical Working Conference

June 1, 2002
Author(s)
Richard G. Gann
This proceedings contains the papers from the 12th Halon Options Technical Working Conference. The topics covered include: results from the DoD Next Generation Fire Suppression Technology Program, total flood applications, passive fire protection

Structural Reliability Estimates and Database-Assisted Design for Wind

June 1, 2002
Author(s)
F Minciarelli, Fahim H. Sadek, Emil Simiu, Mircea Grigoriu
We propose a probabilistic methodology for developing improved estimates of extreme wind effects and load factors in standard provisions for wind loads. We obtained the following results: (1) the discrepancy between current estimates of safety indices for

The Revision of Standard 62: What a Difference a Decade Makes

June 1, 2002
Author(s)
Andrew K. Persily
The American Society of heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) has been revising Standard 62,Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality since 1991. The two primary motivations for this revision have been 1) to convert the

Home Smoke Alarm Tests, Test Series 2, Report of Test 4017

May 10, 2002
Author(s)
Jason D. Averill, Richard D. Peacock, Richard W. Bukowski, Paul A. Reneke
This Report of Test documents the second series of full scale tests conducted as part of research into the performance of smoke alarms. The first series of tests, conducted in a manufactured home, consisted of fifteen experiments with instrumentation

Effective Non-Toxic Metallic Fire Suppressants. Final Report (NISTIR 6875)

May 1, 2002
Author(s)
Gregory T. Linteris, M D. Rumminger, Valeri I. Babushok, H K. Chelliah, T Lazzarini, P N. Wanigarathne
The purpose of the project was to: a.) identify which metal species would be effective flame inhibitors, and then b.) attempt to find non-toxic forms of the metal which could be used. Very early in the project, however, we determined that metal species-in

Evaluating Building Integrated Photovoltaic Performance Models

May 1, 2002
Author(s)
Arthur H. Fanney, Brian P. Dougherty, Mark W. Davis
Predictive performance tools could accelerate the implementation of integrated photovoltaics (BIPV. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) seeks to improve and validate previously developed computer simulation tools with experimental

Final Report: Effective Non-Toxic Metallic Fire Suppressants

May 1, 2002
Author(s)
Gregory T. Linteris, M D. Rumminger, Valeri I. Babushok, Harsha K. Chelliah, A K. Lazzarini, P N. Wanigarathne
The purpose of the project was to: a.) identify which metal species would be effective flame inhibitors, and then b.) attempt to find non-toxic forms of the metal which could be used. Very early in the project, however, we determined that metal species-in

Inhibition of Premixed Methane Flames by Manganese and Tin Compounds

May 1, 2002
Author(s)
Gregory T. Linteris, Vadim D. Knyazev, Valeri I. Babushok
The first experimental measurements of influence of manganese- and tin-containing compounds (MMT, TMT) on burning velocity of methane/air flames are presented. Comparisons with Fe(CO) 5 and CF 3Br demonstrate that manganese and tin-containing compounds are

Initial Model for Fires in the World Trade Center Towers

May 1, 2002
Author(s)
Ronald G. Rehm, William M. Pitts, D D. Evans, Kuldeep R. Prasad, Kevin B. McGrattan, Glenn P. Forney
Mathematical models have been used to provide an initial estimate the behavior of the fires in the twin towers of the World Trade Center (WTC) on September 11, 2001. Available photographs and videos have provided an initial estimate of the exterior damage

Initial Model for Fires in the World Trade Center Towers (NISTIR 6879)

May 1, 2002
Author(s)
Ronald G. Rehm, William M. Pitts, Howard R. Baum, D D. Evans, Kuldeep R. Prasad, Kevin B. McGrattan, Glenn P. Forney
Based on preliminary assumptions and analysis, mathematical models have been used to estimate the behavior of the fires in the twin towers of the World Trade Center (WTC) on September 11, 2001. The hijacked-plane collision with each tower produced

Initial Model for Fires in the World Trade Center Towers (NISTIR 6879)

May 1, 2002
Author(s)
Ronald G. Rehm, William M. Pitts, Howard R. Baum, D D. Evans, Kuldeep R. Prasad, Kevin B. McGrattan, Glenn P. Forney
Based on preliminary assumptions and analysis, mathematical models have been used to estimate the behavior of the fires in the twin towers of the World Trade Center (WTC) on September 11, 2001. The hijacked-plane collision with each tower produced

Performance and Characterization of Building Integrated Photovoltaic Panels

May 1, 2002
Author(s)
Arthur H. Fanney, Brian P. Dougherty, Mark W. Davis
Buildings consume more than two-thirds of the electricity in the United States. The incorporation of photovoltaics into the buildings, referred to as building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), offers an aesthetically pleasing means of displacing centrally
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