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Anthony Hamins, Bryan W. Klein, Kevin B. McGrattan
This letter is a response to a request from the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) for additional data to determine the effect of beyond design basis, thermal exposure on the seal materials of a Nuclear Assurance Corporation Legal Weight Truck (NAC
Fire suppression agents that derive their entire effectiveness from physical processes are known as thermal agents. Thermal agents operate by lowering the flame temperature through dilution, heat absorption, and thermal diffusion. Two aspects of these
In order to allow nationwide analysis of ventilation and indoor air quality issues in residential buildings, a set of homes has been defined to represent the housing stock of the United States. This collection of dwellings is based on two residential
Sivaraj Shyam-Sunder, Richard G. Gann, William L. Grosshandler, Hai S. Lew, Richard W. Bukowski, Fahim Sadek, Frank W. Gayle, Jason D. Averill, James R. Lawson, Harold E. Nelson, Stephen A. Cauffman
This is the final report on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) investigation of the collapse of World Trade Center Building 7 (WTC 7), conducted under the National Construction Safety Team Act. This report describes how the fires
The concept of using the flame size as a surrogate for heat release rate has been explored. A technique for simultaneously obtaining the heat release rate, flame size (height and area), and the smoke point of the flame solely from visual images has been
Dat Duthinh, Joseph A. Main, Amelia P. Wright, Emil Simiu
The Commentary to the ASCE Standard 7-05 states that the nominal mean recurrence interval (MRI) of the wind speed inducing the design strength is about 500 years if the specified load factor is 1.5, as in early versions of ASCE 7, and somewhat higher than
Climate change, increased wildland fuels, and residential development patterns in fire-prone areas have combined to make wildfire-risk mitigation an important public policy issue. One approach to wildfire-risk mitigation is to encourage homeowners to use
Building codes often allow structures with window openings and combustible exteriors to be built with as little as 1.8 m (6 ft) of separation between them. In a recent full-scale laboratory experiment at the National Institute of Standards and Technology
Therese P. McAllister, Richard G. Gann, Jason D. Averill, John L. Gross, William L. Grosshandler, James R. Lawson, Kevin B. McGrattan, William M. Pitts, Kuldeep R. Prasad, Fahim Sadek, Harold E. Nelson
This is the primary technical report on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) investigation of the collapse of World Trade Center Building 7 (WTC 7), conducted under the National Construction Safety Team Act. The investigation
Therese P. McAllister, Richard G. Gann, Jason D. Averill, John L. Gross, William L. Grosshandler, James R. Lawson, Kevin B. McGrattan, William M. Pitts, Kuldeep R. Prasad, Fahim Sadek, Harold E. Nelson
This is the primary technical report on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) investigation of the collapse of World Trade Center Building 7 (WTC 7), conducted under the National Construction Safety Team Act. The investigation
Developing a cost-effective risk mitigation plan involves assessing the risks associated with natural and man-made hazards, formulating combinations of mitigation strategies for constructed facilities exposed to those hazards, and using economic tools to
The influence of cement fineness on early-age properties of cement-based materials is investigated using a variety of experimental techniques. Properties that are critical to the early-age performance of these materials are tested, including heat release
The thermal conductivity of a porous material is controlled by the thermal conductivities of its components and their spatial arrangement within the composite structure, e.g., the material s microstructure. Here, the relationships between thermal
Early-age cracking continues to be a significant problem for new concrete construction. Two of the major contributors to such cracking are the heat released by cement hydration during the first few days of curing and the autogenous shrinkage that often
A series of experiments was run in a masonry educational building examining the ability of fire service Positive Pressure Ventilation (PPV) fans to limit smoke spread or to remove smoke from areas where potential occupants may be located. The PPV fans are
Francine K. Amon, Nelson P. Bryner, Andrew J. Lock, Anthony P. Hamins
Thermal imaging cameras (TIC) are becoming an important tool for many firefighters and other first responders. However, due to the lack of performance standards for TIC, a wide variety of designs and capabilities are provided to end users with little
All combustibles produce heat and smoke that, in sufficiently high concentration, may be hazardous to life safety. Incapacitation can result from exposure to the asphyxiant gases, irritant gases, and heat. Irritant gases and visible smoke can reduce a
M J. Ferreira, S M. Strege, Richard Peacock, Jason D. Averill
This paper examines smoke control and occupant evacuation in WTC 1 and WTC 2 on September 11, 2001focusing on the impact region and above for each tower. Approximately 2,000 individuals were at or above the area of impact in WTC 1 and WTC 2 who did not
Gregory T. Linteris, M D. Rumminger, Valeri I. Babushok
Some of the most effective flame inhibitors ever found are metallic compounds. Their effectiveness, however, drops off rapidly with an increase of agent concentration, and varies widely with flame type. Iron pentacarbonyl, for example, can be up to two
From inception to completion, software development projects need structure and organization so that good quality, user-friendly software is produced on time and within budget. The structured approach presented in this paper will help you achieve those
Samuel L. Manzello, William L. Grosshandler, Tensei Mizukami
The present paper discusses the results of a multiple laboratory test program aimed at determining the consistency of large scale furnace testing. The North American Fire Testing Laboratories Consortium (NAFTL) organized a multiple laboratory test program
Cameras are often used for visual servoing or realtime mapping of the external environment in both autonomous and teleoperated tasks with a dexterous manipulator. Nominal operations will likely produce manipulator configurations that occlude the line-of
As the usage of pervious concrete continues to increase dramatically, a better understanding of the linkages between microstructure, transport properties, and durability will assist suppliers in mixture proportioning and design. This paper presents various