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Fire

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Displaying 76 - 100 of 3892

Characterization of backdrafts generated from methane fires

March 10, 2022
Author(s)
Ryan Falkenstein-Smith, Christopher U. Brown, Thomas Cleary
An analysis of oxygen concentration measurements is conducted to investigate compartment ventilation before a potential backdraft phenomenon. Experiments are performed in a 2/5th scale compartment of varying configurations such as fuel flow time, spark

WUI Structure/Parcel/Community Fire Hazard Mitigation Methodology

March 1, 2022
Author(s)
Alexander Maranghides, Eric Link, Shonali Nazare, Steven Hawks, Jim McDougald, Stephen Quarles, Daniel Gorham
In the last twenty years, wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires have been growing in severity and size. The structures destroyed by WUI fires have devastated entire communities and have cost billions of dollars while significantly impacting the social

The National Institute of Standards and Technology's Impact on Fire Safety Standards

February 1, 2022
Author(s)
Benjamin M. Miller, Tom Latourrette, Drake Warren, David Metz
Standards provide critical benefits across a wide variety of contexts, including safety and health, environmental protection, and quality of products and services. However, while these benefits are generally acknowledged, estimating the social and economic

NIST Outdoor Structure Separation Experiments (NOSSE): Preliminary Test Plan

January 10, 2022
Author(s)
Alexander Maranghides, Shonali Nazare, Eric Link, Matthew Bundy, Artur A. Chernovsky, Erik L. Johnsson, Kathryn Butler, Steven Hawks, Frank Bigelow, William (Ruddy) Mell, Anthony Bova, Derek McNamara, Tom MIlac, Daniel Gorham, Faraz Hedayati, Bob Raymer, Frank Frievalt, William Walton
The Structure Separation Project is a multi-level project to assess structure-to-structure fire spread in Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) communities. The project is divided into three phases with each phase assessing radiant and convective heat exposures

The Design and Performance of a Second-Generation Phi Meter

January 5, 2022
Author(s)
Ryan Falkenstein-Smith, Thomas Cleary
This report documents the design and performance of a second-generation phi meter used in multi-scale experimental applications. A constructed second-generation phi meter is implemented in bench and 2/5th scale experiments to demonstrate the instrument's

The Structure of Medium-Scale Pool Fires

January 5, 2022
Author(s)
Ryan Falkenstein-Smith, Kunhyuk Sung, Jian Chen, Kimberly Harris, Anthony Hamins
This report documents a series of time-averaged gas species measurements made along the centerline of methanol, ethanol, acetone, methane, and propane pool fires steadily burning in a quiescent environment. All gas species measurements are obtained using a

Report on High Energy Arcing Fault Experiments - Experimental Results from Low Voltage Switchgear Enclosures

December 29, 2021
Author(s)
Gabriel Taylor, Anthony D. Putorti Jr., Scott Bareham, Christopher U. Brown, Wai Cheong Tam, Edward Hnetkovsky, Andre Thompson, Michael Selepak, Philip Deardorff, Kenneth Hamburger, Nicholas Melly, Kenneth Miller
This report documents an experimental program designed to investigate High Energy Arcing Fault (HEAF) phenomena for low-voltage metal enclosed switchgear containing aluminum conductors. This report covers full-scale laboratory experiments using

Report on High Energy Arcing Fault Experiments - Experimental Results from Open Box Enclosures

December 29, 2021
Author(s)
Gabriel Taylor, Anthony D. Putorti Jr., Scott Bareham, Christopher U. Brown, Wai Cheong Tam, Edward Hnetkovsky, Andre Thompson, Michael Selepak, Philip Deardorff, Kenneth Hamburger, Nicholas Melly, Kenneth Miller, Kenneth Armijo, Paul Clem, Alvaro Cruz-Cabrera, Byron Demosthenous, Austin Glover, Chris LaFleur, Raymond Martinez, James Taylor, Rana Weaver, Caroline Winters
This report documents an experimental program to investigate High Energy Arcing Fault (HEAF) phenomena. The experiments provide data to better characterize the arc to improve the prediction of arc energy emitted during a HEAF event. An open box allows for

Report on High Energy Arc Fault Experiments: Experimental Results from Medium Voltage Electrical Enclosures

November 29, 2021
Author(s)
Gabriel Taylor, Anthony D. Putorti Jr., Scott Bareham, Edward Hnetkovsky, Kenneth Hamburger, Nicholas Melly, Mark Henry Salley, Christopher U. Brown, Wai Cheong Tam, Eric Link, Michael Selepak, Philip Deardorff, Kenneth Miller, Paul Clem, Byron Demosthenous, Austin Glover, Chris LaFleur, Raymond Martinez, Anthony Tanbakuchi
This report documents an experimental program designed to investigate High Energy Arcing Fault (HEAF) phenomena for medium voltage electrical switchgear containing aluminum conductors. This report covers full-scale laboratory experiments using

A Generic Flashover Prediction Model for Residential Buildings Using Graph Neural Network

November 11, 2021
Author(s)
Wai Cheong Tam, Eugene Yujun Fu, Paul A. Reneke, Richard D. Peacock, Thomas Cleary
A generic graph neural network-based model is developed to predict the potential occurrence of flashover for different building structures. The proposed model transforms multivariate temperature data into graph-structure data. Utilizing graph convolution

A Continuum-Atomistic Simulation of Heat Transfer in Micro- and Nano-Flows

October 12, 2021
Author(s)
J Liu, S Chen, Xiaobo Nie, M O. Robbins
We develop a hybrid atomistic-continuum scheme for simulating micro- and nano- flows with heat transfer. The approach is based on spatial ''domain decomposition'' in which molecular dynamics (MD) is used in regions where atomistic details are important

A New Reactive Molecular Dynamics Model Of Polymer Pyrolysis

October 12, 2021
Author(s)
Stanislav Stoliarov, Kenneth D. Smith, P R. Westmoreland, Richard E. Lyon, Marc R. Nyden
In this paper, we report progress that has been made in the development of an extension of classical force-field-based molecular dynamics (MD) to the simulation of chemical reactions. We review several studies of polymer pyrolysis that were performed using
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