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Energy

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Displaying 326 - 350 of 576

Vibronic Coupling in Asymmetric Bichromophores: Experimental Investigation of Diphenylmethane-d5

August 14, 2014
Author(s)
Nathan Pillsbury, Nathanael M. Kidwell, Benjamin Nebgen, Lyudmila V. Slipchenko, Kevin O. Douglass, John R. Cable, David F. Plusquellic
Vibrationally and rotationally resolved electronic spectra of diphenylmethane-d5 (DPM-d5) are reported in the isolated-molecule environment of a supersonic expansion. While small, the asymmetry induced by deuteration of one of the aromatic rings is

Summary of an ASME/DOT project on measurements of fatigue crack growth rate of pipeline steels

July 20, 2014
Author(s)
Andrew J. Slifka, Elizabeth S. Drexler, Robert L. Amaro, Damian S. Lauria, Louis E. Hayden, Douglas G. Stalheim, Yaoshan Chen
The National Institute of Standards and Technology has been testing pipeline steels to determine the fatigue crack growth rate in pressurized hydrogen gas; the project was sponsored by the Department of Transportation, and was conducted in close

Large-area irradiance-mode spectral response measurements of solar cells by a light-emitting-diode- based integrating sphere source

May 30, 2014
Author(s)
Behrang H. Hamadani, John F. Roller, Andrew M. Shore, Brian P. Dougherty, Howard W. Yoon
An irradiance-mode absolute differential spectral response measurement system based on a light emitting diode (LED) array is described. The LEDs are coupled to an integrating sphere whose output irradiance is uniform to better than 2 % over an area of 160

Comparison of thin epitaxial film silicon photovoltaics fabricated on monocrystalline and polycrystalline seed layers on glass

May 5, 2014
Author(s)
C W. Teplin, Sachit Grover, Adrian Chitu, Alexander Limanov, Monical Chalal, James Im, Daniel Amkreutz, Stefan Gall, Heayoung Yoon, Vincenzo Lasalvia, H M. Branz, Paul Stradins, Kim M. Jones, Andrew G. Norman, David L. Young, Benjamin Lee
We fabricate thin epitaxial c-Si solar cells on display glass and fused silica substrates overcoated with a Si seed layer. We achieve an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 586 mV and 6.5% efficiency using a 2 µm thick absorber on a (100) monocrystalline layer

Confinement-Driven Increase in Ionomer Thin-Film Modulus

April 28, 2014
Author(s)
Kirt A. Page, Ahmet Kusoglu, Christopher M. Stafford, Sangcheol Kim, Regis J. Kline, Adam Weber
Ion-conductive polymers, or ionomers, are critical materials for a wide range of electrochemical technologies. For optimizing the complex, heterogeneous structures in which they occur, there is a need to elucidate the governing structure/function

Interface scattering in polycrystalline thermoelectrics

March 24, 2014
Author(s)
Adrian Popescu, Paul M. Haney
We study the effect of electron and phonon interface scattering on the thermoelectric properties of disordered, polycrystalline materials (with grain sizes larger than electron and phonons' mean free path). Interface scattering of electrons is treated with

Phase Equilibria and Crystal Chemistry of the CaO-?Nd2O3-CoOz System at 885 degC in Air

March 18, 2014
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, William Laws, Kevin R. Talley, Qingzhen Huang, Jun Yan, Joshua B. Martin, James A. Kaduk
The phase diagram of the CaO-¿Nd2O3-CoOz system at 885 °C in air has been determined. The system consists of two calcium cobaltate compounds that have promising thermoelectric properties, namely, the 2D thermoelectric oxide solid solution, (Ca3-xNdx)Co4O9

Design Considerations for Enhancing Absorption in Semiconductors on Metals with Surface Plasmon Polaritons

March 5, 2014
Author(s)
Christopher C. Bohn, Amit K. Agrawal, Youngmin Lee, Charles J. Choi, Matthew Davis, Paul M. Haney, Henri J. Lezec, Veronika A. Szalai
Surface plasmon polaritons have attracted attention for energy applications such as photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical cells because of their ability to improve optical absorption in thin fi lms. We show that surface plasmon polaritons enhance

Inverse Vulcanization of Elemental Sulfur to Prepare Polymeric Electrode Materials for Li-S Batteries

February 20, 2014
Author(s)
Christopher L. Soles, Vladimir P. Oleshko, Jenny J. Kim, Adam Simmonds, Jared Griebel, Jeff Pyun, Jungjin Park, Woo Jin Chung, Woo Tae Kim, Richard Glass, Yung-Eun Sun, Kookheon Char
Sulfur-rich copolymers were synthesized via inverse vulcanization to create electroactive cathode materials for lithium-sulfur battery applications. These materials exhibit enhanced capacity retention (1005 mAh/g at 100 cycles) and extended battery

Compressed-liquid Density Measurements of Three Alternative Turbine Fuels

February 7, 2014
Author(s)
Stephanie L. Outcalt
Compressed-liquid densities of three alternative turbine fuels have been measured. The measurements were made from 270 K to 470 K, and 0.5 MPa to 50 MPa. The data have been correlated with a Tait equation, and parameters are given for each fuel. Results of

Template synthesis of gold nanoparticles with an organic molecular cage

January 16, 2014
Author(s)
Ryan McCaffrey, Hai Long, Yinghua Jin, Aric Sanders, Wounjhang Park, Wei Zhang
We report a novel strategy for the controlled synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with narrow size distribution (1.9 plus or minus} 0.4 nm) through NP nucleation and growth inside the cavity of a well-defined three-dimensional, shape-persistent organic

Fast and Reliable Spectral Response Measurements of PV Cells Using Light Emitting Diodes

January 1, 2014
Author(s)
Behrang H. Hamadani, John F. Roller, Brian P. Dougherty, Howard W. Yoon
We present a measurement system for absolute differential spectral responsivity of solar cells based on high-powered LED arrays coupled to an optical light guide capable of large area illumination. Two different measurement techniques were developed and

Mapping the Local Photo-Electronic Properties of Polycrystalline Solar Cells through High Resolution Laser-Beam-Induced Current Microscopy

January 1, 2014
Author(s)
Marina S. Leite, Maxim Abashin, Henri J. Lezec, Anthony G. Gianfrancesco, Albert A. Talin, Nikolai B. Zhitenev
To boost the efficiency of thin film polycrystalline solar cells that are microscopically inhomogeneous, it is imperative to understand how the grain cores (GCs) and grain boundaries (GBs) within these materials affect its overall electronic properties. By
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