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This chapter reviews various methods commonly used for achieving the cryogenic temperatures required of superconducting materials. The problems associated with cryogenic refrigerators (cryocoolers), such as poor reliability, low efficiency, electromagnetic
O Almog, David Travis Gallagher, Jane E. Ladner, S Strausberg, Patrick Alexander, Phillip Bryan, G L. Gilliland
The crystal structures of two thermally stabilized subtilisin BPN' variants, S63 and S88, are reported here at 1.8 and 1.9 resolution, respectively. The micromolar affinity calcium-binding site (site A) has been deleted (δ 75-83) in these variants
Stephen E. Stein, Stephen R. Heller, Dmitrii V. Tchekhovskoi
The author presented two talks at the IUPAC/CAS conference of Chemical identifiers and XML in Chemistry, on July 1, 2002 in Columbus Ohio. He will be sending powerpoint presentations of these talks, both concerning on-going projects at NIST, to IUPAC for
Andrei F. Kazakov, Chris D. Muzny, Robert D. Chirico, Vladimir Diky, Michael D. Frenkel
WTT - Professional Edition, a Web version of the TRC Thermodynamic Tables, represents a complete collection of critically evaluated thermodynamic property data primarily for pure organic compounds. References to experimental data sources and information
Experimental data on the enthalpies of formation of chloromethanes, chloroethynes, chloroethenes, and chloroethanes are critically reviewed. Enthalpy of formation values for the C1 and C2 chlorinated hydrocarbons are highly cross-linked by various measured
Marcia J. Holden, M P. Mayhew, David T. Gallagher, V L. Vilker
By removing the enolpyruvyl group from chorismate, chorismate lyase (CL) produces p-hydroxybenzoate (p-HB) for the ubiquinone biosynthetic pathway. We have analyzed CL by several spectroscopic and chemical techniques and measured its kinetic (k cat = 1.7x
Emil Bazaev, Ilmutdin Abdulagatov, Joe W. Magee, Michail Rabezkii, Asbat E. Bazaev
The PVTx relationships of dilute (1 – x)water + x toluene mixtures were measured in the near-critical and supercritical regions, with a constant-volume peizometer immersed in a precision thermostat. The ITS-90 temperature was measured with a 10 Ω} platinum
This chapter is concerned with the use of the single pulse shock tube for studying the mechanisms and rate constants for the decomposition of polyatomic molecules at elevated temperatures. It begins with a discussion of the technique. The requirements and
Radiolysis of liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (BMI +) salts leads to formation of several species with similar absorption spectra. To identify and characterize these species, experiments were carried out with BMI + in solution under various conditions