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Buildings & Construction

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Displaying 601 - 625 of 3873

Evaluating smoldering behavior of fire-blocking barrier fabrics

January 29, 2015
Author(s)
Shonali Nazare, William M. Pitts, Szabolcs Matko, Rick D. Davis
This study reports on the smoldering propensity of commercially available barrier fabrics (BFs) in a small-scale mock-up configuration. Most BFs are smolder resistant when tested alone over a standard flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF). However, when

Evaluating Smoldering Behavior of Fire-Blocking Barrier Fabrics

January 29, 2015
Author(s)
Shonali Nazare, William M. Pitts, Szabolcs Matko, Rick D. Davis
This study reports on the smoldering propensity of commercially available barrier fabrics (BFs) in a small-scale upholstered seating mock-up configuration. Most commercially available BFs are smolder resistant when tested alone over a standard flexible

HVACR Editorial for IAQ 2013 Special Issue

January 23, 2015
Author(s)
Hal Levin, Steven Emmerich
The papers in this issue were selected from presentations made at the ASHRAE IAQ 2013: Environmental Health in Low Energy Buildings conference held in Vancouver Canada in October 2013. The conference was held specifically to review the state of knowledge

Effect of Installation Faults on Air-to-Air Heat Pump Performance

January 20, 2015
Author(s)
Piotr A. Domanski
Numerous studies and surveys indicate that typically-installed HVAC equipment operate inefficiently and waste considerable energy due to different installation errors (faults) such as improper refrigerant charge, incorrect airflow, oversized equipment

Monitoring Techniques for the Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility

December 31, 2014
Author(s)
Mark W. Davis, William M. Healy, Matthew Boyd, Lisa Ng, William V. Payne, Harrison Skye, Tania Ullah
NIST has constructed a Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility that will be used as a testbed for investigating the measurement science related to systems, components, and operations that will lead to homes that generate as much energy over a course of a

Behavior of Unrestrained and Restrained Steel Columns Adjacent to Localized Fire

December 12, 2014
Author(s)
Chao Zhang, John L. Gross, Therese P. McAllister, Guo-Qiang Li
Steel columns may be exposed to thermal radiation from localized burning of a fire source nearby. Current structural fire design methods are based on uniform heating and, therefore, uniform temperature conditions, and no practicable methods are provided to

Behavior of Unrestrained and Restrained Steel Columns Surrounded by Localized Fire

December 12, 2014
Author(s)
Chao Zhang, John L. Gross, Therese P. McAllister, Guo-Qiang Li
Real fires start from localized burning, and will not develop to flashover if in an open space or in large open-plan compartments. Temperatures of gas and exposed steel columns in localized fires are not uniform. Current structural fire design methods are

Characterization of Airborne Nanoparticle Released from Consumer Products

December 1, 2014
Author(s)
Andrew Persily, Liang Chung J. Lo, Steven J. Nabinger, Dustin Poppendieck, Li Piin Sung
Polymer and other coatings are commonly used to protect, enhance, or decorate wood, plastic and metal products used in homes and other buildings. Nanoparticles (i.e., particles having at least one dimension smaller than 100 nm) are increasingly being added

Hydrocarbon Flame Inhibition by C3H2F3Br (2-BTP)

November 14, 2014
Author(s)
Valeri I. Babushok, Gregory T. Linteris, Donald R. Burgess Jr., Patrick T. Baker
The kinetic mechanism of hydrocarbon flame inhibition by the potential halon replacement 2-BTP has been assembled, and is used to study its effects on premixed methane-air flames. Simulations with varying CH4-air stoichiometry and agent loading have been

Mechanisms of aging and release from weathered nanocomposites

October 31, 2014
Author(s)
Tinh Nguyen, Wendel Wohlleben, Li Piin Sung
Polymer nanocomposites are increasingly used in outdoor structures. However, polymers are susceptible to degradation by solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which potentially releases nanofiller during polymer nanocomposites' life cycle. Such release may pose

Carbon Monoxide Exposure from Portable Generators

October 28, 2014
Author(s)
Steven J. Emmerich, Andrew K. Persily, Liangzhu Wang
Serious concerns exist about the hazard of acute residential carbon monoxide (CO) exposures from portable gasoline-powered generators, which can result in death or serious adverse health effects. As of April 23, 2013 and as shown in Figure 1, the U.S
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