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Development of a Candidate Reference Measurement Procedure for the Determination of Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Lamotrigine, and Topiramate in Human Serum Using Isotope-Dilution Liquid Chromotography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Published

Author(s)

Susan Tai, Karen W. Phinney, Chia-Yi Yeh

Abstract

Phenytoin (PHT), phenobarbital (PHB), lamotrigine (LTG), and topiramate (TPM) are some of the most widely used antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Monitoring of their concentrations in serum is important for the treatment of epilepsy. A candidate reference measurement procedure (RMP) for the determination of PHT, PHB, LTG, and TPM in serum has been developed and critically evaluated. Isotopically labeled compounds of PHT, PHB, LTG, and TPM are used as internal standards for the four AEDs. The four drugs and their respective labeled internal standards are simultaneously extracted from serum using SPE prior to reversed-phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass (LC-MS/MS). Chromatographic separation was performed using a C18 column. Electrospray ionization (ESI) in the positive ion mode for PHT and LTG, and in the negative ion mode for PHB and TPM were used. The accuracy of the method was evaluated by recovery studies of measuring the four drugs in spiked samples with known drug levels. The recoveries of the added drugs ranged from 98.6 % to 102.0 %. The absolute recoveries of the four drugs with this method ranged from 97 % to 100 %. The difficulty in getting good repeatability for TPM due to the large mass difference between TPM and its internal standard (TPM-d12) was overcame by shortening its retention time. The peak shape of high nitrogen containing compound of LTG was improved using ammonium acetate as an ion pairing reagent in the mobile phase. Excellent repeatability was obtained for the four drugs with between-set coefficients of variation (CVs) of
Citation
Analytical Chemistry
Volume
40

Keywords

Phenytoin, PHT, Phenobarbital, PHB, Lamotrigine, LTG, Topiramate, TPM, Reference measurement procedure, RMP, Eletrospray ionization, Isotope dilution, Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, LC-MS/MS, solid phase extraction

Citation

Tai, S. , Phinney, K. and Yeh, C. (2011), Development of a Candidate Reference Measurement Procedure for the Determination of Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Lamotrigine, and Topiramate in Human Serum Using Isotope-Dilution Liquid Chromotography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Analytical Chemistry, [online], https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-5251-5 (Accessed March 28, 2024)
Created August 28, 2011, Updated January 27, 2020