OSAC Lexicon
The OSAC Lexicon is a compendium of forensic science terms and definitions. This terminology tool was created to help bring consistency and understanding to the way terms are used by the various forensic science. Use of the OSAC Lexicon does not replace the need to reference the original published source.
The terms and definitions in the OSAC Lexicon come from the published literature, including documentary standards and technical reports. It is continually updated with the latest work from OSAC units, as well as terms from newly published documentary standards and standards elevated to the OSAC Registry.
Gradually terms are evaluated and harmonized by the OSAC to a single term. This process results in an OSAC Preferred Term. An OSAC Preferred Term is a term, along with its definition, that has undergone review and evaluation by the FSSB Terminology Task Group and has been approved by the FSSB. The FSSB recommends that subcommittees use OSAC Preferred Terms when drafting standards.
The OSAC Lexicon should be the primary resource for terminology and used when drafting and editing forensic science standards and other OSAC work products.
Suspension
temporary restriction of the statement of conformity by the body that issued the statement, for all or part of the specified scope of attestation (7.4)
EXAMPLE 1:
The issuing body suspends the statement of conformity because the specified requirements (5.1) are no longer fulfilled.
EXAMPLE 2:
The client of the issuing body voluntarily requests suspension of the statement of conformity.
EXAMPLE 3:
The issuing body suspends the statement of conformity because it temporarily ceases to perform that type of conformity assessment activity.
Swg-Voice
Scientific Working Group for Forensic and Investigatory Voice.
SWGDE Glossary
SWGDE provides this Glossary of Terms with general, as well as discipline specific, definitions as they apply across the spectrum of image analysis, computer forensics, video analysis, and forensic audio. Sources are notated within brackets at the end of the definition when that definition came from outside of SWGDE. The following abbreviations will be used throughout this glossary and appear before the definition as applicable:
( i ) Image Analysis
( c ) Computer Forensics
( v ) Video Analysis
( a ) Forensic Audio
( p ) Photography
( q ) Quality & Standards
*This list is a duplication of the terms provided in the published document ‘SWGDE Digital & Multimedia Evidence Glossary,’ which can be downloaded from the Documents menu. However please note, this page is updated before the document is, therefore the most up to date version will appear here first.
Swgdvi
Scientific Working Group for Disaster Victim Identification
Swgfast
Scientific Working Group on Friction Ridge Analysis, Study, and Technology.
Swipe
Swipe
Syntactical Conformance
Conformance to the relationships between fields, subfields, or information items within atransaction to other values within the same transaction as specified in this standard.
Synthetic Fibers
Synthetic Rubber
System Bias
System Peaks
System Peaks (Stray Radiation)
System Time
systematic error
A component of error whereby replicate measurements remain constant or vary in a predictable way - for example, an uncalibrated instrument would produce a constant systematic error. (NIST HF)
Systematic Search Pattern
A method that employs a specific search sequence to increase accuracy and minimize omissions, while maximizing coverage. Such patterns usually have set start and stop points.
Tablets
Tack
Tackifier
Tackifier
Tactile Reinforcement
Any reward perceptible by touch for the canine.
Taggant
Chemical markers (e.g., Nitro compounds) that vaporize rapidly and are added to enhance the detection of plastic explosives by instrumental analysis.
Taggant
Tandem
tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS)
acquisition and study of the spectra of the product ions or precursor ions of m/z selected ions, or of precursor ions of a selected neutral mass loss
Tap
Acronym for Toe and foot print Acquisition Profile. It is a series of sets ofprogressively more stringent parameters and requirements relevant to plantar printacquisition
Taphonomy
All of the processes resulting in the decomposition of organic material. Also pertains to the study of the processes affecting remains between death and discovery
taphonomy
The study of the processes affecting remains after death.
Taphonomy
taphonomy
The study of the processes affecting remains after death.
Target
Target
The odor/scent for which the canine is trained to respond. (See source).
Target Compound
Target Fuel
A fuel that is subject to ignition by thermal radiation such as from a flame or a hot gas layer.
target group
A specific set of friction ridge features selected as a starting point during comparison.
Target Ion
A diagnostic ion used for comparing relative intensities of other monitored ions when calculating ion ratios.
Target Trail
A pathway that was laid by a target subject that matches the scent article presented to the canine. (See matching scent trail.)
Target Training
The process of conditioning an animal to touch a particular object.
target, noun
Any object struck by a projectile, regardless of whether it was struck intentionally.
Task
A specific job behavior or activity.
task-irrelevant information
Information that is not pertinent or applicable to the subject, material, or question being considered. The consideration may be broad (i.e., case or discipline level) or specific (i.e., task level) (see 3.1.32 bias, 3.1.33 bias cognitive, 3.1.34 bias confirmation, 3.1.34 bias contextual).
task-relevant
The information that is necessary for drawing conclusions:
a) about the propositions in question;
b) from the physical evidence that has been designated for examination;
c) through the correct application of an accepted analytic method by a competent analyst.
task-relevant information
Information that is necessary for drawing conclusions:
⎯ about the propositions in question;
⎯ from the physical evidence that has been designated for examination;
⎯ through the correct application of an accepted analytic method by a competent analyst
task-relevant information
Information that is pertinent and applicable to the subject, material, or question being considered. The consideration may be broad (i.e., case or discipline level) or specific (i.e., task level) (see 3.1.32 bias, 3.1.33 bias cognitive, 3.1.34 bias confirmation, 3.1.34 bias contextual).
Tattoo
An indelible image on the skin that was applied to the skin. [2015a>] This is thedefinition of tattoo as used in Field 10.003: Image type / IMT.Field 10.042: SMT descriptors / SMD breaks this down into subsets, one of which is also called tattoo. See Table 71 Type-10 image types for more detail.[
Taxonomic Authorities
Literature references accepted by the relevant scientific community and providing the classification (e.g. family, genus, species) for a group of organisms.
Taxonomic Authorities
Literature references accepted by the relevant scientific community and providing the classification of species for a group of organisms.
taxonomic identification
Analyses to establish the classification of biological evidence to family, genus, species, etc. These analyses are based on class characters (e.g., morphological, genetic) that are diagnostic for the taxonomic level in question.
Taxonomic Identification
The classification of an organism to family, genus, species, etc. These analyses are based on class characters diagnostic for the taxonomic level in question
Taxonomic Identification
Analyses to establish the taxonomic classification of the sample. These analyses are based on class characters diagnostic for the taxonomic level in question.