OSAC Lexicon
The OSAC Lexicon is a compendium of forensic science terms and definitions. This terminology tool was created to help bring consistency and understanding to the way terms are used by the various forensic science. Use of the OSAC Lexicon does not replace the need to reference the original published source.
The terms and definitions in the OSAC Lexicon come from the published literature, including documentary standards and technical reports. It is continually updated with the latest work from OSAC units, as well as terms from newly published documentary standards and standards elevated to the OSAC Registry.
Gradually terms are evaluated and harmonized by the OSAC to a single term. This process results in an OSAC Preferred Term. An OSAC Preferred Term is a term, along with its definition, that has undergone review and evaluation by the FSSB Terminology Task Group and has been approved by the FSSB. The FSSB recommends that subcommittees use OSAC Preferred Terms when drafting standards.
The OSAC Lexicon should be the primary resource for terminology and used when drafting and editing forensic science standards and other OSAC work products.
Demonstration of the canines olfactory ability to alert on a target scent(s).
Demonstration of the canines olfactory ability to alert on a target scent(s).
Demonstration of the canines olfactory ability to alert on a target scent(s).
Demonstration of the canine's olfactory ability to alert on a target scent(s).
A test of the canine's olfactory ability to alert to target scent(s) in a controlled environment.
A test of the canine's olfactory ability to alert to target scent(s) in a controlled environment.
A test of the canine's olfactory ability to alert to target scent(s) in a controlled environment.
A test of the canine's olfactory ability to alert to target scent(s) in a controlled environment.
Scent pathway left by an individual moving.
Scent pathway left by an individual moving.
Scent pathway left by an individual moving.
Scent pathway left by a person.
Person or organization responsible for developing and maintaining a specific certification scheme. The certification scheme owner can be the certification body itself, a governmental authority, a trade association, a group of certification bodies or others.
A person who has special knowledge of a subject about which a court requests testimony
The systematic pursuit of knowledge involving the recognition and definition of a problem; the collection of data through observation and experimentation; analysis of the data; the formulation, evaluation and testing of hypotheses; and, where possible, the selection of a final hypothesis.
The range or characteristics of objects of conformity assessment covered by attestation (ISO/IEC 17000:2014 5.2).
The mathematical core of a comparison algorithm which takes two input topographies and generates one or more outputs that quantify the comparison based on geometric similarity. Scoring functions are either rank-score only, interpretable, or statistically validated.
The innate impulse of a canine to look for hidden prey.
The level of interest, attitude, and enthusiasm the canine shows while searching.
A craterlike indentation created at the point of origin of some explosions.
An explosion with a highly localized point of origin, such as a crater.
See backup handler canine.
Imaging using low-energy electrons produced from the interaction of beam electrons and conduction band electrons of atoms within the interaction volume, with only those near the surface having sufficient energy to escape.
Any subsequent explosion resulting from an initial explosion.
Fiber disturbance(s) not caused by the act of writing or other dynamic actions, rather caused by dynamic contact with the embossed side of an indentation(s) or other raised surface.
the result of exothermic reactions, occurring spontaneously in some materials under certain conditions, whereby heat is generated at a rate sufficient to raise the temperature of the material.
Ignition resulting from self-heating, synonymous with spontaneous ignition.
The minimum temperature at which the self-heating properties of a material lead to ignition.
Conformance to ensure that the biometric transaction is a faithful representation of theparent biometric data and thereby ensuring that the requirements are satisfied that are notmerely syntactic or morphological.
The partial derivatives of a measurement function that describe how the measurand's value varies with changes in the values of the input quantities.
Periods during early development when an animal is notably sensitive to stimuli that may create a specific association or otherwise alter their behavior and that remains relatively stable over time.
Studies performed to assess the ability of the probabilistic genotyping system to support the presence of a known contributor
A set of critical studies performed during developmental and/or internal validation of DNA or other test methods designed to define the lower and upper limits/ bounds of an assay to accurately detect an analyte.
Experiments performed to define the lower and upper limits/bounds of an assay to accurately detect an analyte. Experiments include a serial dilution performed during developmental and/or internal validation of methods.
The amount of stimuli that is necessary to produce a response from the canine.
A laboratory technique used to determine the sequence of bases (A, C, G, and T) in a DNA molecule.
The percentage or number of nucleotides or amino acids that are identical between two sequences.
Result of at least one activity necessarily performed at the interface between the supplier and the customer, which is generally intangible
result of at least one activity necessarily performed at the interface between the supplier and the customer,which is generally intangibleNOTE 1 Provision of a service can involve, for example, the following:- an activity performed on a customer-supplied tangible product (e.g. automobile to be repaired);- an activity performed on a customer-supplied intangible product (e.g. the income statement needed to prepare a taxreturn);- the delivery of an intangible product (e.g. the delivery of information in the context of knowledge transmission);- the creation of ambience for the customer (e.g. in hotels and restaurants).NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO 9000:2005, definition 3.4.2, Note 2.
The length of time between the target placement and when the canine is deployed to detect the target scent.
The length of time between the target placement and when the canine is deployed to detect the target scent.
The length of time between the target placement and when the canine is deployed to detect the target odor/scent.
An arc site where one or more of the circuit conductors were physically severed by the arcing event at that location.
the portion of the hair emerging from the hair follicle.