TSV Reveal height and bump dimension metrology by the TSOM method

Published

April 30, 2013

Author(s)

Ravikiran Attota, Haesung Park, Victor H. Vartanian, Ndubuisi G. Orji, Richard A. Allen

Abstract

Through-focus scanning optical microscopy (TSOM) transforms conventional optical microscopes into truly 3D metrology tools for nanoscale- to- microscale dimensional analysis with nanometer-scale sensitivity. Although not a resolution enhancement method, TSOM has been demonstrated to provide lateral and vertical measurement sensitivity of less than a nanometer, comparable to the dimensional measurement sensitivity of other critical dimension (CD) metrology tools. The technique captures much richer data at many z-heights (i.e., through focus positions). Additionally, TSOM appears to decouple the measurement of profile dimensional changes at the nanoscale, such as small perturbations in sidewall angle and height, with little or no ambiguity, and may be able to analyze target dimensions ranging from as small as 10 nm up to many micrometers with similar nanometer-scale sensitivity. The exceptional z-height resolution of the technique, as well as very fast measurement time, is particularly important for high volume manufacturing. For example, TSOM has been demonstrated to show sensitivity to nanometer-scale changes in height. These two attributes make TSOM particulary attractive for 3D-stacked IC measurements of TSV reveal structures, and possibly C4 bumps and microbumps. In this work, we apply TSOM to through-silicon via copper (TSV) reveal height measurements in the 3-5 micrometer height and 5 micrometer diameter range, as well as simulate TSOM measurements on TSV features. Simulation results, combined with optical profilometry, are used to correlate TSOM image features among classes of variation in TSV height, diameter, and sidewall angle (SWA). In addition, inter-die and intra-die TSV’s are compared to illustrate that greater magnitude variation occurs in inter-die TSV dimensions. Finally, TSOM can be used to compare rotationally isotropic TSV reveal structures with rotationally anisotropic structures.

Proceedings Title

Metrology Inspection and Process Control

Conference Dates

February 24-28, 2013

Conference Location

San Jose, CA

Conference Title

SPIE Advanced Lithography

Pub Type

Conferences

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Keywords

TSV, TSOM, through-focus scanning optical microscope, Cu reveal

Citation

Attota, R. , Park, H. , Vartanian, V. , Orji, N. and Allen, R. (2013), TSV Reveal height and bump dimension metrology by the TSOM method, Metrology Inspection and Process Control, San Jose, CA, [online], https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=913667 (Accessed April 19, 2024)