Size-exclusion chromatography with multi-angle static light scattering

Published

June 26, 2025

Author(s)

Andre Striegel, Amandaa Brewer, Claudia Zielke

Abstract

Size-exclusion chromatography coupled with multi-angle static light scattering (SEC/MALS) is a combined separation and detection technique that is principally used for determining the molar mass of natural and synthetic macromolecules and colloidal suspensions. In this Primer, we examine the equipment, experimental set-up, sample preparation and controls needed for SEC/MALS experiments; how data should be processed; the size and molar mass regimes over which various light scattering models can be applied; and relevant equations needed for understanding the methods or for calculating results. We examine some of the applications of SEC/MALS, including the determination of molar mass averages and distributions, and describe the information that should be provided to ensure experimental reproducibility across laboratories. Both fundamental and instrumental limitations are discussed, along with experimental caveats and recommended workarounds. Finally, we conclude with a brief review of applications, challenges and perspectives and of areas where the so-far untapped potential of SEC/MALS can prove advantageous.

Citation

Nature Reviews Methods Primers

Volume

5

Pub Type

Journals

Download Paper

https://doi.org/10.1038/s43586-025-00410-1

Local Download

Keywords

Size-exclusion chromatography, multi-angle static light scattering, polymers, macromolecules

Citation

Striegel, A. , Brewer, A. and Zielke, C. (2025), Size-exclusion chromatography with multi-angle static light scattering, Nature Reviews Methods Primers, [online], https://doi.org/10.1038/s43586-025-00410-1, https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=959100 (Accessed October 16, 2025)