April 3, 2025
      
                  
        
  Author(s)
  Aaron  Cornelius,   Gregory  Vogl,   Ryan  Hall,   Yongzhi  Qu
 
       
            
    
    
        The development of intelligent machine tools requires integrating sensors that allow the machine to monitor, diagnose, and control the machining process. However, existing sensors for monitoring tool vibrations are intrusive and difficult to integrate in a