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Search Publications by: Christopher Soles (Fed)

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Displaying 51 - 75 of 174

Structure and Properties of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes Containing Phosphonic Acids for Anhydrous Fuel Cells

November 9, 2011
Author(s)
Kirt A. Page, Christopher L. Soles, Huagen H. Peng, Do Y. Yoon, Sung-Il Lee, Myeongsoo Song, Kyung-Hwan Yoon, Wolfgang Meyer
Recently, water-free, proton conducting, polymer electrolytes are attracting attention due to their possible application as fuel cell membranes at intermediate temperatures (100 ºC to 200 ºC). Phosphonic acid groups are considered feasible anhydrous proton

Formation and transfer of GaAsN nanostructure layers

September 27, 2011
Author(s)
Christopher L. Soles, Hyun W. Ro, A. Wood, N. Estrada, B. Dick, Y. Wang, Micheal Thouless, Rachel Goldman
Nanostructured materials with ultra-small crystallites (approaching the exciton Bohr radius) embedded in a solid-state matrix have great potential for optoelectronic and energy-conversion applications owing to the possibility of invoking quantum effects

Molecular Order in High-Efficiency Polymer/Fullerene Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells

September 22, 2011
Author(s)
Matthew R. Hammond, Regis J. Kline, Andrew A. Herzing, Lee J. Richter, David Germack, Hyun W. Ro, Christopher L. Soles, Daniel A. Fischer, Tao Xu, Luping Yu, Michael F. Toney, Dean M. DeLongchamp
We report quantitative measurements of ordering, molecular orientation, and nanoscale morphology in the active layer of bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic cells based on a thieno[3,4-b]thiophene-alt-benzodithiophene copolymer (PTB7), which has been

Using Block Copolymer Self-Assembly to Imprint the Crystallization of Polymer Dendrites

August 10, 2011
Author(s)
Sangcheol Kim, Alamgir Karim, Jack F. Douglas, Christopher L. Soles, R M. Briber
We utilize the self-assembly of cylinder-forming block copolymer (BCP) films to create templates for dendritic polymer crystallization patterns. This templating was achieved by simply spin-casting thin films from a solution containing both the BCP

Hyperbranched Poly(ethylene oxide) Electrolytes for Lithium Ion Batteries

May 17, 2011
Author(s)
Christopher L. Soles, Kirt A. Page, Huagen H. Peng
This work demonstrates the capability of hyper-branched PEO polymers to act as a polyelectrolyte for Li-ion batteries. Hyperbranching has been shown to lead to a 100 fold increase in the ion conductivity below the melting temperature of the PEO

Nanoelectronics Lithography

March 1, 2011
Author(s)
Stephen Knight, Vivek Prabhu, John H. Burnett, James Alexander Liddle, Christopher Soles, Alain C. Diebold
This is a compiled chapter that will be included into the Handbook of Nanophysics.

Cell Contact Guidance in Response to Nanopattern Shape and Height

October 18, 2010
Author(s)
Sheng Lin-Gibson, Jirun Sun, Nancy J. Lin, Jing N. Zhou, Hyun W. Ro, Christopher L. Soles, Marcus T. Cicerone, Yifu Ding
Understanding the correlation between cell contact guidance (CG) and nanoscale surface features is vital in designing advanced medical devices to manipulate cell behaviors. Nanoscale surface features that mimic extracellular matrix are critical

Stability and Surface Topography Evolution in Nanoimprinted Polymer Patterns under a Thermal Gradient

September 16, 2010
Author(s)
Christopher Soles, Yifu Ding, H. Jerry Qi, Kyle J. Alvine, Hyun W. Ro, Dae Up Ahn, Jack F. Douglas, Sheng Lin-Gibson
Nanostructures created in polymer films by nanoimprint lithography are subject to large stresses, both those from the imprinting processes as well as stresses arising from the intrinsic thermodynamic instabilities. These stresses can induce nanostructure

Thermodynamic Underpinnings of Cell Alignment on Controlled Topographies

August 17, 2010
Author(s)
Yifu Ding, Jirun Sun, Hyun W. Ro, Zhen Wang, Jing N. Zhou, Nancy J. Lin, Sheng Lin-Gibson, Marcus T. Cicerone, Christopher L. Soles
Cells sense and respond to the chemical, topographical, and mechanical features of their substrate and extracellular matrix. Shape and locomotive response to these features is termed contact guidance (CG) and is of vital importance in understanding many

Architectural Effects on Reaction-Diffusion Kinetics in Molecular Glass Photoresists

April 20, 2010
Author(s)
Vivek M. Prabhu, Shuhui Kang, Christopher L. Soles, Christopher K. Ober, Jing Sha, Jin-Kyun Lee, Peter V. Bonnesen
Understanding acid reaction-diffusion kinetics is crucial for controlling the lithographic performance of chemically amplified photoresists. In this work, we study how the molecular architectures of positive-tone chemically amplified molecular glass

Elastic constants and dimensions of imprinted polymeric nanolines determined from Brillouin light scattering

January 18, 2010
Author(s)
Ward L. Johnson, Sudook A. Kim, Roy H. Geiss, Colm Flannery, Paul R. Heyliger, Christopher L. Soles, Wen-Li Wu, Chengqing C. Wang, Christopher M. Stafford, B D. Vogt
Elastic constants and cross-sectional dimensions of imprinted nanolines of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) on silicon are determined nondestructively from finite-element inversion analysis of dispersion curves of hypersonic acoustic modes of these

Capillary Instability in Nanoimprinted Polymer Films

May 21, 2009
Author(s)
Kyle J. Alvine, Yifu Ding, Hyun Wook Ro, Brian C. Okerberg, Alamgir Karim, Christopher L. Soles, Jack F. Douglas
Capillary forces play an active role in defining the equilibrium structure of nanoscale structures. This effect can be especially pronounced in soft materials such as polymers near or above their glass transition temperatures where material flow is

Impact of polymer modulus on water accumulation at polymer / metal oxide interfaces

April 1, 2009
Author(s)
Alper Karul, Kar T. Tan, Christopher C. White, Donald L. Hunston, Steve marshall, Bulent Akgun, Sushil K. Satija, Christopher Soles, Bryan D. Vogt
Ambient moisture is known to accumulate at the interface between polymers and metal oxides, leading to detrimental consequences on physical properties such as modulus and adhesion. Direct measurement of the interfacial profile has utilized neutron

Low-temperature plasma assisted nanotransfer printing between thermoplastic polymers

March 26, 2009
Author(s)
Deuk Y. Lee, Daniel R. Hines, Christopher Stafford, Christopher Soles, Eric K. Lin, Gottlieb Oehrlein
we performed a survey of the factors controlling the changes of the adhesion characteristics for PMMA and PET surfaces upon plasma activation of the respective interfaces for nanotransfer printing. Polar active functional groups introduced by plasma

Dielectric Spectroscopy Investigation of Relaxation in C60-Polyisoprene Nanocomposites

March 23, 2009
Author(s)
Yifu Ding, Sebastian Pawlus, Alexei Sokolov, Jack F. Douglas, Alamgir Karim, Christopher Soles
We investigate the influence of adding C60 nanoparticles on the dielectric relaxation spectra of both unentangled and entangled polyisoprene (PIP). Relaxation modes corresponding to both segmental and chain relaxation were analyzed over a broad temperature

Small Angle X-Ray Scattering Measurements of Spatial Dependent Linewidth in Dense Nanoline Gratings

March 16, 2009
Author(s)
Chengqing C. Wang, Wei-En Fu, Bin Li, Huai Huang, Christopher Soles, Eric K. Lin, Wen-Li Wu, Paul S. Ho, Michael W. Cresswell
Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) was used to characterize the line cross section of nanoline gratings fabricated using electron beam lithography (EBL) patterning followed by anisotropic wet etching into silicon single crystal. SAXS results at normal

Scatterometry for in situ measurement of pattern reflow in nanoimprinted polymers

December 9, 2008
Author(s)
Heather J. Patrick, Thomas A. Germer, Yifu Ding, Hyun Wook Ro, Lee J. Richter, Christopher L. Soles
We use optical scatterometry to extract the time evolution of the profile of nanoimprinted lines in low and high molecular mass polymer gratings during reflow at the glass transition temperature. The data are obtained continuously during the anneal using a

MATERIALS SCIENCE: Nanoscale Polymer Processing

October 31, 2008
Author(s)
Christopher L. Soles, Yifu Ding
Plastics are ubiquitous in our modern world. It difficult to find a manufactured object that does not contain at least some sort polymeric (plastic) components. This ubiquity, in large part, reflects the ease with which polymers can be formed at low

Crystallization of Poly(ethylene oxide) on Topographically Patterned Substrates

October 16, 2008
Author(s)
Brian C. Okerberg, Christopher Soles, Jack F. Douglas, Alamgir Karim
Crystallization of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) on topographically patterned substrates is investigated. Primary nucleation was dramatically enhanced during solvent drying on patterned substrates compared to flat films. The nucleation density also increased

Quantifying Changes in the Fast Dynamics of Mixtures by Dielectric Spectroscopy

September 26, 2008
Author(s)
Tatiana Psurek, Christopher L. Soles, Kirt A. Page, Marcus T. Cicerone, Jack F. Douglas
The addition of a solvent or nanoparticles to a polymeric material can lead toappreciable changes in the rates of relaxation and reaction that can profoundly alter material properties and function. We introduce a general theoretical strategy for
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