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Search Publications by: Kathryn Butler (Assoc)

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Displaying 26 - 50 of 67

Using 3D Head and Respirator Shapes to Analyze Respirator Fit

July 19, 2009
Author(s)
Kathryn M. Butler
A computational approach to analyzing respirator fit is demonstrated using geometries generated by laser scanning, mechanical drawings, and CAD files. Three fit-related problems that can be solved using computational tools are demonstrated: 1) The study of

A Model of Melting and Dripping Thermoplastic Objects in Fire

March 17, 2009
Author(s)
Kathryn M. Butler
A model of the melting and dripping behavior of thermoplastic materials in fire is being developed using the Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM), which is capable of tracking the large changes in shape inherent to this problem in addition to solving the

Modeling Polymer Melt Flow Using the Particle Finite Element Method

September 5, 2007
Author(s)
Kathryn M. Butler, E Onate, S R. Idelsohn, R Rossi
A new particle-based approach is applied to the modeling of experiments on the effects of the melt flow behavior of thermoplastics. The Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM) combines convection of particles by the flow field with a finite element solution

Some Difficult Problems in the Modeling of Fire Spread

July 16, 2006
Author(s)
Kathryn M. Butler, Thomas J. Ohlemiller
A fire and the objects involved in the fire form a highly complex dynamic system. Important processes occur over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, from the microscales of thermodynamics and chemical kinetics, through the mesoscales of heat

Visual Evidence, Damage Estimates, and Timeline Analysis (Appendices D-G) Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-5A)

December 1, 2005
Author(s)
William M. Pitts, Kathryn M. Butler, Valentine Junker
This report summarizes the collection and analysis of visual material used for the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) World Trade Center (WTC) Investigation. The task consisted of four major subtasks: 1) identification, collection, data

Visual Evidence, Damage Estimates, and Timeline Analysis (Chapters 1-8) Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-5A)

December 1, 2005
Author(s)
William M. Pitts, Kathryn M. Butler, Valentine Junker
This report summarizes the collection and analysis of visual material used for the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) World Trade Center (WTC) Investigation. The task consisted of four major subtasks: 1) identification, collection, data

Use of Visual Imagery for the NIST World Trade Center Investigation

November 13, 2005
Author(s)
William M. Pitts, Kathryn M. Butler, Valentine Junker
The attack on the World Trade Center (WTC) in New York City on September 11, 2001 by terrorists flying hijacked commercial aircraft into the two towers (WTC 1 and WTC 2) was among the worst building disasters in the history of the United States. In

Dissipation of Oxygen From Outward Leak of Closed Circuit Breathing Device

October 18, 2005
Author(s)
Kathryn M. Butler, Rodney A. Bryant, J G. Kovac
Closed circuit breathing devices recycle exhaled air after scrubbing carbon dioxide and adding make-up oxygen from a tank of pure oxygen. Use of this equipment allows first responders to work for up to four hours without swapping out cylinders

Visual Evidence, Damage Estimates, and Timeline Analysis (Chapters 1-8). Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1-5A) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
William M. Pitts, Kathryn M. Butler, Valentine Junker
This report summarizes the collection and analysis of visual material used for the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) World Trade Center (WTC) Investigation. The task consisted of four major subtasks: 1) identification, collection, data

Visual Evidence, Damage Estimates, and Timeline Analysis (NIST NCSTAR 1-5A)Chapter 9-Appendices A-M. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster

September 1, 2005
Author(s)
William M. Pitts, Kathryn M. Butler, Valentine Junker
This report summarizes the collection and analysis of visual material used for the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) World Trade Center (WTC) Investigation. The task consisted of four major subtasks: 1) identification, collection, data

Thermal and Flammability Properties of Polypropylene/Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites

May 1, 2004
Author(s)
Takashi Kashiwagi, E A. Grulke, J N. Hilding, Richard H. Harris Jr., John R. Shields, Kathryn M. Butler, K M. Groth, S B. Kharchenko, Jack F. Douglas
The thermal and flammability properties of polypropylene/multi-walled carbon nanotube, (PP/MWNT) nanocomposites were measured with the MWNT content varied from 0.5 % to 4 % by mass. Dispersion of MWNTs in these nanocomposites was characterized by SEM and

Generation and Transport of Smoke Components

April 1, 2004
Author(s)
Kathryn M. Butler, George W. Mulholland
Smoke is a mixture of gases and suspended particulate matter, or aerosols. The nature of the aerosol component of smoke can play a significant role in the lethal and sublethal effects on people. This paper presents the current state of knowledge about

Generation and Transport of Smoke Components.

April 1, 2004
Author(s)
Kathryn M. Butler, George W. Mulholland
Smoke is a mixture of gases and suspended particulate matter, or aerosols. The nature of the aerosol component of smoke can play a significant role in the lethal and sublethal effects on people. This paper presents the current state of knowledge about

Numerical Model of Bubbling Thermoplastics. (Abstract/Presentation)

December 1, 2003
Author(s)
Kathryn M. Butler
Thermoplastic materials such as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), and polystyrene (PS) are widely used in household furnishings, and therefore constitute a large fraction of the fuel load during a fire. The combustible gases generated during polymer