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AC-DC Difference of a Thermal Transfer Standard from a Pulse-driven Josephson Voltage Standard at NRC

October 21, 2018

Author(s)

Nathan Flowers-Jacobs, Alain Rufenacht, Ghislain Granger

An upgraded pulse-driven AC Josephson Voltage Standard system at the National Research Council Canada allows the generation of quantum-accurate root-mean-square voltages up to 1 V at frequencies down to 10 Hz. The system is used to determine the AC-DC

Characterization of a Dual Josephson Impedance Bridge

October 21, 2018

Author(s)

Nathan Flowers-Jacobs, Blaise Jeanneret, Frederic Overney, Alain Rufenacht, Anna Fox, Paul Dresselhaus, Samuel P. Benz

This paper describes a dual Josephson impedance bridge capable of comparing any two impedances, that is, with any amplitude ratio and relative phase, over a wide range of frequency. A new, more compact, design has been achieved by mounting the two

Tip on Tip Imaging and Self-Consistent Calibration for Critical Dimension Atomic Force Microscopy: Refinements and Extension to Second Lateral Axis

October 19, 2018

Author(s)

Ronald G. Dixson

One type of atomic force microscopy (AFM) used for critical dimension (CD) metrology is commonly referred to as critical dimension atomic force microscopy (CD-AFM); it uses flared tips and two-dimensional surface sensing to enable scanning of features with

Calibration Fluids and Calibration Equations: How Choices May Affect the Results of Density Measurements Made with U-Tube Densimeters

October 9, 2018

Author(s)

Stephanie L. Outcalt

Data on the calibration fluids water and toluene individually, and the combination of those two sets of data, were correlated with two different equations (resulting in six sets of calibration equation parameters) to analyze data measured with a vibrating

Nondestructive shape process monitoring of three-dimensional high aspect ratio targets using through-focus scanning optical microscopy Optical Microscopy

September 27, 2018

Author(s)

Ravikiran Attota, Hyeonggon Kang, Keana C. Scott, Richard A. Allen, Andras Vladar, Bunday Benjamin

Low-cost, high-throughput and nondestructive metrology of truly three-dimensional (3-D) targets for process control/monitoring is a critically needed enabling technology for high-volume manufacturing (HVM) of nano/micro technologies in multi-disciplinary

Quantities of marine debris ingested by sea turtles: Global meta-analysis highlights need for standardized data reporting methods and reveals relative risk

September 25, 2018

Author(s)

Jennifer M. Lynch

Marine debris ingestion is a threat to marine organisms. Previous reviews call for standardization and highlight biases in the literature, yet none thoroughly describe improvements needed at the data reporting stage. This review explains the consequences

Improving Measurement for Smokestack Emissions - Workshop Summary

September 21, 2018

Author(s)

Rodney A. Bryant, Aaron N. Johnson, John D. Wright, Tamae M. Wong, James R. Whetstone, Michael R. Moldover, Iosif I. Shinder, Scott Swiggard, Chris Gunning, David Elam, Tom Martz, Eric Harman, David Nuckols, Liang Zhang, Woong Kang, Salvator Vigil

The complex flow conditions inherent in power plant smokestacks make accurate flow measurements challenging, which in turn limits the accuracy of hazardous emissions measurements. While stack composition measurements are assessed daily via comparison to a

Spherical Test Objects for Hand-held Metal Detector Characterization

September 12, 2018

Author(s)

Nicholas G. Paulter Jr., Donald R. Larson, John A. Ely

Measuring the detection performance of metal detectors (hand-worn, hand-held, and walk-through models) is based on the observation of an alarm indication (light, sound, vibration) given by the metal detector when a threat or test object is present. These

Mechanical characterization of planar springs for compact radiation pressure power meters

September 7, 2018

Author(s)

Alexandra B. Artusio-Glimpse, Ivan Ryger, Paul A. Williams, Kyle A. Rogers, Daniel W. Rahn, Andrew J. Walowitz, John H. Lehman

Counter to conventional methods of measuring laser optical power, radiation pressure-based power meters operate by reflection rather than absorption. This provides an opportunity for in situ, non-destructive total beam power measurement. Compact radiation

Comparing Aerosol Refractive Indices Retrieved from Full Distribution and Size- and Mass- Selected Measurements

September 1, 2018

Author(s)

James G. Radney, Christopher D. Zangmeister

Refractive index retrievals (also termed inverse Mie methods or optical closure) have seen considerable use as a method to extract the refractive index of aerosol particles from measured optical properties. Retrievals of an aerosol refractive index use two

Determining Carbon Fiber Composite Loading with Flip-Chip Measurements to 110 GHz

September 1, 2018

Author(s)

Nina P. Basta, Aaron Hagerstrom, Jasper A. Drisko, James Booth, Edward Garboczi, Christian Long, Nathan Orloff

— Electrical properties of materials are a necessary part of any circuit design. With emerging applications at millimeter- wave frequencies, there is a need to characterize new materials before they come to market. At frequencies below about 67 GHz, it is

On Algorithms and Heuristics for Constrained Least-Squares Fitting of Circles and Spheres to Support Standards

August 28, 2018

Author(s)

Craig M. Shakarji, Vijay Srinivasan

Constrained least-squares fitting has gained considerable popularity among national and international standards committees as the default method for establishing datums on manufactured parts. This has resulted in the emergence of several interesting and

TOWARDS MAKING NIST-QUALITY MEASUREMENTS OF RADIATION AND RADIOACTIVITY USING COMMERCIAL ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS

August 25, 2018

Author(s)

Ryan P. Fitzgerald, Denis E. Bergeron

Precision measurements of radiation and radioactivity are carried out in laboratories across the US for many important applications: to make sure the tens of millions of Americans who undergo cancer treatment or nuclear stress tests every year are given

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