Skip to main content

NOTICE: Due to a lapse in annual appropriations, most of this website is not being updated. Learn more.

Form submissions will still be accepted but will not receive responses at this time. Sections of this site for programs using non-appropriated funds (such as NVLAP) or those that are excepted from the shutdown (such as CHIPS and NVD) will continue to be updated.

U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 53301 - 53325 of 73697

Oxygen as a Surfactant in the Growth of Giant Magnetoresistance Spin Valves

December 1, 1997
Author(s)
William F. Egelhoff Jr., P J. Chen, Cedric J. Powell, Mark D. Stiles, Robert McMichael, J Judy, K Takano, A. E. Berkowitz
We have found a novel method for increasing the giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) of Co/Cu spin valves with the use of oxygen. Surprisingly, spin valves with the largest GMR are not produced in the best vacuum. Introducing 5X10 -9 Torr (7X10 -7 Pa) into our

Recycled Oil

December 1, 1997
Author(s)
D. A. Becker, D W. Brinkman
Displaying 53301 - 53325 of 73697
Was this page helpful?