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As interest in digital engineering within a variety of technical domains begins to accelerate, certain industries continue to encounter obstacles with regards to implementing—and benefiting from—digital twin technologies. One of the key challenges facing
Hakju Oh, Boonserm Kulvatunyou, Albert T. Jones, Tim Finin
Today, businesses rely on numerous information systems to achieve their production goals and improve their global competitiveness. Semantically integrating those systems is essential for businesses to achieve both. To do so, businesses must rely on
This report of the Semiconductors and Microelectronics Working Group of the Interagency Committee on Standards Policy (ICSP) provides an overview of Federal government semiconductors and microelectronics standards activities and recommends standards focus
Elena Jelisic, Nenad Ivezic, Boonserm Kulvatunyou, Perawit Charoenwut, Ana Nikolov
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought the cold chain for bio-pharmaceutical products to the spotlight. To preserve their structure and function, biopharmaceuticals such as cells, proteins and enzymes, RNA molecules, and RNA-based drugs (e.g., mRNA-based COVID
A fundamental equation of state expressed explicitly in the Helmholtz energy is presented for R-1224yd(Z), an environmentally friendly refrigerant for centrifugal chillers, high-temperature heat pumps, and organic Rankine cycles. The equation of state is
Over the past 20 years optical frequency combs, with atomic clocks, have been a powerful and enabling technology in the context of time and frequency measurement. Impressively, optical atomic clocks have yielded an 8 order of magnitude improvement in
This paper critically examines existing ductile crack growth (DCG) corrections for J integral values calculated with the multi-specimen and elastic compliance approaches, as well as two novel/alternative DCG corrections. The benchmark is represented by the
Veruska Malave, Kavita Jeerage, Edward Garboczi, Tara Lovestead
Human studies provide valuable information on components or analytes recovered from exhaled breath, but there are limitations due to inter-individual and intra-individual variation. Future development and implementation of breath tests based on aerosol
Felix Fiedler, Joel Karog, Eric W. Lemmon, Monika Thol
An empirical equation of state in terms of the Helmholtz energy for tetrahydro- furan is presented. In the validity range from the triple-point temperature up to 550 K and pressures up to 600 MPa, the equation of state enables the calculation of all
After a five-year renovation of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Boulder, CO, antenna measurement facility, the Antenna On-Axis Gain and Polarization Measurements Service SKU63100S was reinstated with the Bureau International des
Marcus Mendenhall, James Cline, Csilla Szabo-Foster, Albert Henins
The NIST Silicon lattice comparator has ben in service in various forms since the 1970s. It is capable of measuring the difference in lattice spacing between specimens of high-quality float-zone silicon to delta-d/d approximately 6e-9. It has recently
Accreditation is a formal recognition by an independent third party/accreditation body that a forensic service provider such as a laboratory, unit, or agency,a meets standards. A standard is a requirement or guideline used to ensure that a process or
This report of the Advanced Communications Technologies Working Group of the Interagency Committee on Standards Policy (ICSP) provides an overview of Federal agency advanced communications technologies (ACT) standards activities and recommends standards
Robots are increasingly being adopted in manufacturing industries and this trend is projected to continue. However, robots like all equipment, degrade once in operation and eventually fail. Yet today's manufacturing systems are highly paced requiring high
Keith A. Stouffer, Michael Pease, CheeYee Tang, Timothy Zimmerman, Victoria Yan Pillitteri, Suzanne Lightman, Adam Hahn, Stephanie Saravia, Aslam Sherule, Michael Thompson
This document provides guidance on how to secure operational technology (OT) while addressing their unique performance, reliability, and safety requirements. OT encompasses a broad range of programmable systems and devices that interact with the physical
Elena Jelisic, Milos Drobnjakovic, Boonserm Kulvatunyou, Nenad Ivezic, Hakju Oh
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought to attention several supply chain challenges in the globalized biopharmaceutical industry. Demand fluctuations and the ability to effectively repurpose manufacturing facilities, and to dynamically adapt scheduling and
Jerome Cheron, Rob Jones, Dylan Williams, Peter Aaen
We present a new millimeter-wave electrical comb generator with frequency-adjustable tone spacing and a tunable RF center frequency. We use an ultrawideband mixer based on a Gilbert cell topology to upconvert the spectrum of a series of repetitive pulses
Amanda Bayless, Sandra Da Silva, William Davis, Abraham Kuri Cruz, Tracey Johnston, Stephanie Servetas, Paulina Piotrowski
The gut microbiome plays a critical role in a vast and disparate set of health and disease states, including cancer and obesity. Human fecal is a complex mixture including microbes, proteins, undigested plant matter and fat content according to the diet
Gregory F. Strouse, Claire M. Saundry, Timothy Wood, Philip Bennett, Mary Bedner
The U.S. science and research ecosystem retains its leadership by actively engaging with the global community through the conduct of mutually beneficial collaborative research and the welcoming of international scientists. Coupled with that, the national
Ashley Russell, Kerrianne Buchanan, David Griffith, Heather Evans, Dimitrios Meritis, Lisa Ng, Anna Sberegaeva, Michelle Stephens
The 2023 National Institute of Standards and Technology Environmental Scan provides an analysis of key external factors that could impact NIST and the fulfillment of its mission in coming years. The analyses were conducted through three separate lenses
Plug-in electric vehicles (PEV), which include "all-electric" battery EV (BEV) and plug-in hybrid EV (PHEV), comprise a rapidly growing proportion of the U.S. automobile market – nearly 8% of all light-duty vehicles sold in Oct. 2022, a 41.4% rise over