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Mathematics & Statistics

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Displaying 101 - 125 of 473

Recovering the Key from the Internal State of Grain-128AEAD

April 3, 2021
Author(s)
Donghoon Chang, Meltem Sonmez Turan
Grain-128AEAD is one of the second-round candidates of the NIST lightweight cryptography standardization process. There is an existing body of third-party analysis on the earlier versions of the Grain family that provide insights on the security of Grain

Examining Recent HR Data for Gender Bias Among Federal Employees at NIST

March 26, 2021
Author(s)
Jasmine Evans, Amanda Koepke, Steven Lund, Mary Frances Theofanos
This report is part of a multi-phase mixed methods project that is designed to provide an in-depth look at the population of National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) federal employees to identify factors, attitudes, and processes that might

ON THE FAMILY OF ELLIPTIC CURVES X + 1/X + Y + 1/Y + t = 0

March 23, 2021
Author(s)
Dustin Moody, Abhishek Juyal
We study various properties of the family of elliptic curves x+ 1/x+y+ 1/y+t = 0, which is isomorphic to the Weierstrass curve E_t: Y^2=X(X^2+(t^2/4-2)X+1). This equation arises from the study of the Mahler measure of polynomials. We show that the rank of

Isogenies on twisted Hessian curves

March 16, 2021
Author(s)
Dustin Moody, Thinh Dang, Fouazou Lontouo Perez, Emmanuel Fouotsa
Elliptic curves are typically defined by Weierstrass equations. Given a kernel, the well-known Vélu's formula shows how to explicitly write down an isogeny between Weierstrass curves. However, it is not clear how to do the same on other forms of elliptic

National Institute of Standards and Technology Environmental Scan 2020

February 9, 2021
Author(s)
Heather Evans, Kristen K. Greene, William M. Healy, Elizabeth Hoffman, Kate Rimmer, Anna V. Sberegaeva, Neil M. Zimmerman
The 2020 National Institute of Standards and Technology Environmental Scan provides an analysis of key external factors that could impact NIST and the fulfillment of its mission in coming years. The analyses were conducted through four separate lenses

An Initial Look at Federal Offices of Research and Technology Applications

November 19, 2020
Author(s)
Nicole K. Gingrich, Michael J. Hall, Isaac Patterson
In Science—the Endless Frontier, Vannevar Bush wrote that reaping the potential benefits of science conducted at federal laboratories requires the discoveries made in the labs be transferred to society. In federal laboratories, Offices of Research and

Comparing Instruments

September 30, 2020
Author(s)
James H. Yen, Dennis D. Leber, Leticia S. Pibida
This document details methods to compare instrument performance. Comparison methods for instruments outputting binary (0-1) responses as well as for instruments outputting continuous numeric responses are shown, first for two instruments and then for

Diffusion-limited reactions in nanoscale electronics

September 22, 2020
Author(s)
Ryan Evans, Arvind Balijepalli, Anthony J. Kearsley
To quantify interactions between drug molecules and target receptors, a novel nanoscale electronics instrument is under development. The instrument consists of two regions: a biological region, and an electronics region. The biological region consists of a

NIST Interactions: Fiscal Year 2015 through Fiscal Year 2018

September 16, 2020
Author(s)
Nicole K. Gingrich, Isaac Patterson, Jimmy Nazario-Negron, Michael J. Hall
This study analyzes data from fiscal years 2015 through 2018 of eighteen interaction types in which NIST participates annually. To describe the volume of direct relationships NIST has with the U.S. economy, it calculates the average number of interactions

Measuring Microfluidic Flow Rates: Monotonicity, Convexity and Uncertainty

August 20, 2020
Author(s)
Paul Patrone, Qing Hai Li, Gregory A. Cooksey, Anthony J. Kearsley
A class of non-linear integro-differential equations characterizing microfluidic measurements is considered. Under reasonable conditions, these non-linear integro-differential equations admit solutions that are convex functions of an interesting flow-rate

Status Report on the Second Round of the NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization Process

July 22, 2020
Author(s)
Dustin Moody, Gorjan Alagic, Daniel C. Apon, David A. Cooper, Quynh H. Dang, John M. Kelsey, Yi-Kai Liu, Carl A. Miller, Rene C. Peralta, Ray A. Perlner, Angela Y. Robinson, Daniel C. Smith-Tone, Jacob Alperin-Sheriff
The National Institute of Standards and Technology is in the process of selecting one or more public-key cryptographic algorithms through a public, competition-like process. The new public-key cryptography standards will specify one or more additional

Microwave radiometer instability due to infrequent calibration

April 16, 2020
Author(s)
Kevin J. Coakley, Jolene D. Splett, Dave K. Walker, Mustafa Aksoy, Paul E. Racette
We directly quantify the effect of infrequent calibration on the stability of microwave radiometer temperature measurements (where a power measurement for the unknown source is acquired at a fixed time but calibration data are acquired at variable earlier

Combinatorial Rank Attacks Against the Rectangular Simple Matrix Encryption Scheme

April 10, 2020
Author(s)
Dustin Moody, Ray A. Perlner, Daniel C. Smith-Tone, Daniel C. Apon, Javier Verbel
In 2013, Tao et al. introduced the ABC Simple Matrix Scheme for Encryption, a multivariate public key encryption scheme. The scheme boasts great efficiency in encryption and decryption, though it suffers from very large public keys. It was quickly noted

Discovering Mathematical Objects of Interest - A Study of Mathematical Notations

April 1, 2020
Author(s)
Howard S. Cohl, Andre Greiner Petter, Moritz Schubotz, Corinna Breitinger, Fabian Muller, Akiko Aizawa, Bela Gipp
Mathematical notation, i.e., the writing system used to communicate concepts in mathematics, encodes valuable information for a variety of information search and retrieval systems. Yet, mathematical notations remain mostly unutilized by today's systems. In

Workshop on Applied Category Theory: Bridging Theory and Practice

February 7, 2020
Author(s)
Spencer J. Breiner, Blake S. Pollard, Eswaran Subrahmanian
This report presents the summary of a workshop held at NIST on March 15-16, 2018 on the topic of applied category theory (ACT). The meeting had two main goals: (i) mapping the current ACT landscape and (ii) developing a roadmap for transitioning the field

Moment subset sums over finite fields

February 1, 2020
Author(s)
Tim LAI, Alicia Marino, Angela Robinson, Daqing Wan
The k-subset sum problem over finite fields is a classical NP-complete problem. Motivated by coding theory applications, a more complex problem is the higher m-th moment k-subset sum problem over finite fields. We show that there is a deterministic

Characterization and Computation of Matrices of Maximal Trace over Rotations

October 19, 2019
Author(s)
Javier Bernal, James F. Lawrence
The constrained orthogonal Procrustes problem is the least-squares problem that calls for a rotation matrix that optimally aligns two corresponding sets of points in d-dimensional Euclidean space. This problem generalizes to the so-called Wahba's problem
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