Skip to main content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Time-series Imputation Algorithm

Published

Author(s)

David A. Howe, Chloe Champagne

Abstract

Statistical imputation is a field of study that attempts to fill missing data. It is commonly applied to population statistics whose data have no correlation with running time. For a time series, data is typically analyzed using the autocorrelation, the Fourier transform to estimate power spectral density (PSD), trends, the Allan deviation (ADEV), and basically any analysis that depends on uniform time indexes. We describe an imputation algorithm that fills multiple gaps in a time series. We create an example in which four massive gaps exceed 100% of the original time series. We show that the PSD with imputation applied to the gaps is essentially the same as the original. Also, the confidence of ADEV with imputation falls within 90% of the original ADEV. The algorithm in Python is included for those wishing to try it.
Citation
IEEE Signal Processing Letters

Keywords

ADEV, convolution, dead-time, frequency, gaps, imputation, missing data, power-law noise models, Python, sparce, time, time-series.

Citation

Howe, D. and Champagne, C. (2021), Time-series Imputation Algorithm, IEEE Signal Processing Letters, [online], https://doi.org/10.36227/techrxiv.16926694.v1, https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=933257 (Accessed November 3, 2024)

Issues

If you have any questions about this publication or are having problems accessing it, please contact reflib@nist.gov.

Created November 5, 2021, Updated March 26, 2024