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Forensic Science

Forensic biometrics

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Displaying 1 - 25 of 32

Forensic Iris: A Review, 2022

July 18, 2022
Author(s)
James Matey, George W. Quinn, Patrick Grother
John Daugman correctly summarized the state of forensic iris recognition circa 2006 for the book Forensic Human Identification: an Introduction [1]: Iris recognition has limited forensic value, because (unlike fingerprints or DNA, for example) (1) iris

Evaluating the Impact of Contactless Fingerprint Imagery Spatial Loss on Matcher Performance

September 23, 2021
Author(s)
Shahram Orandi, John M. Libert, Bruce Bandini, Kenneth Ko, John Grantham, Brian J. Cochran, Craig I. Watson
Observations in previous studies have shown that contactless capture devices may be prone to capturing superfluous data (e.g., fingernail or finger background), distortion and imaging artifacts especially around the periphery of the captured fingerprint

Statistics of Visual Features in the Human Iris

August 16, 2021
Author(s)
George W. Quinn, James Matey, Patrick J. Grother, Edward Watters
In most current applications of iris recognition, matching is done by computer algorithms. The dominant algorithms are based on the work of John Daugman and are well understood because of the extensive analysis in the literature of iris2pi (the shorthand

Forensic Handwriting Examination and Human Factors: Improving the Practice Through a Systems Approach

June 1, 2021
Author(s)
Melissa Taylor, Brett Bishop, Ted Burkes, Michael Caligiuri, Bryan Found, Carolyne Bird, Wesley Grose, Lauren Logan, Kenneth Melson, Mara Merlino, Larry Miller, Linton Mohammed, Jonathan Morris, John Paul Osborn, Nikola Osborne, Brent Ostrum, Christopher Saunders, Scott Shappell, H. David Sheets, Sargur Srihari, Reinoud Stoel, Thomas Vastrick, Heather Waltke, Emily Will
For some 6,000 years, humans have made an indelible mark on history through the loops, strokes, and other characters that constitute the written form of language - handwriting. The study of handwriting is also an important part of forensic science. By

Iris Recognition on Noah Kalina's Everyday

April 26, 2021
Author(s)
James Matey
In January 2000, Noah Kalina began taking a photograph of himself every day – and has continued for more than 20 years. A time-lapse video of his images can be seen online: EveryDay. These images, and images from similar projects, provide us with

Best practices in the collection and use of biometric and forensic datasets

March 24, 2021
Author(s)
Melissa Taylor, Austin Hicklin, George Kiebuzinski
This document discusses issues that arise in the collection, dissemination, and use of datasets for use in biometric and forensic science research, and provides recommendations on how to best address the issues raised. A variety of factors should be

Forensic Handwriting Examination and Human Factors: Improving the Practice Through a Systems Approach

February 17, 2020
Author(s)
Melissa Taylor, Carolyne Bird, Brett Bishop, Ted Burkes, Michael P. Caligiuri, Bryan Found, Wesley P. Grose, Lauren R. Logan, Kenneth E. Melson, Mara L. Merlino, Larry S. Miller, Linton Mohammed, Jonathan Morris, John Paul Osborn, Nikola Osborne, Brent Ostrum, Christopher P. Saunders, Scott A. Shappell, H. David Sheets, Sargur N. Srihari, Reinoud D. Stoel, Thomas W. Vastrick, Heather E. Waltke, Emily J. Will
For some 6,000 years, humans have made an indelible mark on history through the loops, strokes, and other characters that constitute the written form of language - handwriting. The study of handwriting is also an important part of forensic science. By

Evaluation of Lateral Resolution of Light Field Cameras

September 8, 2018
Author(s)
Sowon Joy Yoon, Peter Bajcsy, Maritoni A. Litorja, James J. Filliben
Light field cameras are an emerging imaging device for acquiring 3-D information of a scene by capturing a field of light rays traveling in space. As light field cameras become portable, hand- held, and affordable, their potential as a 3-D measurement

Latent Fingerprint Value Prediction: Crowd-based Learning

December 31, 2017
Author(s)
Elham Tabassi, Anil K. Jain, Tarang Chugh, Kai Cao, Jiayu Zhou
Latent fingerprints are one of the most crucial sources of evidence in forensic investigations. As such, devel- opment of automatic latent fingerprint recognition systems to quickly and accurately identify the suspects is one of the most pressing problems

Analysis, Comparison, and Assessment of Latent Fingerprint Preprocessing

July 20, 2017
Author(s)
Haiying Guan, Paul Y. Lee, Curtis L. Lamp, Andrew Dienstfrey, Mary Frances Theofanos, Brian Stanton, Matthew Schwarz
Latent fingerprints obtained from crime scenes are rarely immediately suitable for identification purposes. Instead, most latent fingerprint images must be preprocessed to enhance the fingerprint information held within the digital image, while suppressing

Perceptual expertise in forensic facial image comparison

September 1, 2015
Author(s)
P. Jonathon Phillips, David White, Alice O'Toole, Carina A. Hahn, Matthew Hill
Forensic facial identification examiners are required to match the identity of faces in images that vary substantially, owing to changes in viewing conditions and in a person's appearance. These identifications affect the course and out- come of criminal

Evaluating automatic face recognition systems with human benchmarks

April 9, 2015
Author(s)
P. Jonathon Phillips, Alice O'Toole
Human face recognition skills are often considered the gold standard against which machines must compete. Over the last two decades, however, international tests of computer-based face recognition algorithms have shown steady improvements in accuracy with

Generalizing Face Quality and Factor Measures to Video

September 23, 2014
Author(s)
Yooyoung Lee, P. Jonathon Phillips, James Filliben, J. R. Beveridge, Hao H. Zhang
Methods for assessing the impact of factors and image-quality metrics for still face images are well-understood. The extension of these factors and quality measures to faces in video has not, however, been explored. We present a specific methodology for

A Measurement Metric for Forensic Latent Fingerprint Preprocessing

July 31, 2014
Author(s)
Haiying Guan, Andrew Dienstfrey, Mary Frances Theofanos, Brian Stanton
Although fingerprint mark-up and identification are well-studied fields, forensic fingerprint image preprocessing is still a relatively new domain in need of further scientific study and development of guidance of best practice. Latent fingerprint image

Identifying Face Quality and Factor Measures for Video

May 20, 2014
Author(s)
Yooyoung Lee, P. Jonathon Phillips, James Filliben, J. R. Beveridge, Hao Zhang
This paper identifies important factors for face recognition algorithm performance in video. The goal of this study is to understand key factors that affect algorithm performance and to characterize the algorithm performance. We evaluate four factor
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