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Forensic Science

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Displaying 126 - 150 of 531

Quantitative Evaluation of Footwear Evidence: Initial Workflow for an End-to-End System

November 23, 2021
Author(s)
Gautham Venkatasubramanian, Vighnesh Hegde, Steven Lund, Hariharan K. Iyer, Martin Herman
In the U.S., footwear examiners make decisions about the sources of crime scene shoe impressions using subjective criteria. This has raised questions about the accuracy, repeatability, reproducibility, and scientific validity of footwear examinations

Final Report: Quantitative Measures for Footwear Impression Comparisons

November 21, 2021
Author(s)
Martin Herman
This document is the Final Report for the Interagency Agreement between the National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs and the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The goal of this effort has been to research and develop

An Interlaboratory Study to Evaluate the Forensic Analysis and Interpretation of Glass Evidence

November 14, 2021
Author(s)
Katelyn Lambert, Shirly Montero, Anuradha Akmeemana, Ruthmara Corzo, Gwyneth Gordon, Emily Haase, Ping Jiang, Oriana Ovide, Katrin Prasch, Kahlee Redman, Thomas Scholz, Tatiana Trejos, Jodi Webb, Peter Weis, Wim Wiardia, Sharon Wilczek, Huifang Xie, Peter Zoon, Jose Almirall
The results of an interlaboratory exercise involving ten (10) operational and research laboratories employing laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and using a standard test method (ASTM E2927-16e1) for the forensic

Screening and Confirmation of Seized Drugs Utilizing Portable Raman Spectroscopy (TacticID) and Direct Analysis in Real Time-Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS)

October 8, 2021
Author(s)
Travon Cooman, Colby E. Ott, Kourtney A. Dalzell, Amber Burns, Edward Sisco, Luis E. Arroyo
The continuous change of the drug landscape in the United States demands adaptation and incorporation of emerging analytical methods that preferably allow onsite screening but are also capable of supporting the analysis of seized drugs received at forensic

Open Media Forensics Challenge (OpenMFC) 2020-2021: Past, Present, and Future

September 29, 2021
Author(s)
Haiying Guan, Yooyoung Lee, Lukas Diduch, Jesse Zhang, Ilia Ghorbanian Bajgiran, Timothee Kheyrkhah, Peter Fontana, Jonathan G. Fiscus
This document describes the online leaderboard public evaluation program, Open Media Forensics Challenge (OpenMFC) 2021-2022. In the report, first, the introduction, objectives, challenges, contributions, and achievements of the evaluation program are

A Metrology Foundation for 3D Ballistic Imaging - NIJ Final Technical Report

September 1, 2021
Author(s)
Michael Stocker, Johannes Soons, Thomas Renegar, Xiaoyu Zheng, Robert Thompson
Forensic laboratories considering optical 3D surface topography measurement for objective comparison and VCM face challenges with respect to cost, training, and quality assurance. The primary aim of this research was to address quality assurance issues

Assessing the Microscale Heterogeneity in Candidate Standard Reference Material 4600: Surrogate Post-detonation Urban Debris

August 18, 2021
Author(s)
Jacqueline L. Mann, John L. Molloy, Mark Tyra, Kevin Pfeuffer, Barbara Fallon, JoAnn Buscaglia
Nondestructive microbeam X-ray fluorescence (µXRF) spectrometry has been used to investigate the elemental microheterogeneity in a candidate nuclear forensics reference material (RM), NIST SRM 4600: Surrogate Post-detonation Urban Debris. Using a principal

Statistics of Visual Features in the Human Iris

August 16, 2021
Author(s)
George W. Quinn, James Matey, Patrick J. Grother, Edward Watters
In most current applications of iris recognition, matching is done by computer algorithms. The dominant algorithms are based on the work of John Daugman and are well understood because of the extensive analysis in the literature of iris2pi (the shorthand

Dataset construction challenges for digital forensics

July 29, 2021
Author(s)
James R. Lyle, Graeme Horsman
As the digital forensic field develops, taking steps towards ensuring a level of reliability in the processes implemented by its practitioners, emphasis on the need for effective testing has increased. In order to test, test datasets are required, but

Cannabis Quality Assurance Program: Exercise 1 Final Report

July 27, 2021
Author(s)
MARYAM ABDUL-RAHMAN, Melissa M. Phillips, Walter Brent Wilson
NIST launched a CannaQAP in 2020 to improve the comparability of the analytical measurements in forensic and Cannabis (hemp and marijuana) testing laboratories. CannaQAP is an interlaboratory study mechanism that is similar to a proficiency testing scheme

MS_Piano: A Software Tool for Annotating Peaks in CID Tandem Mass Spectra of Peptides and N-Glycopeptides

July 15, 2021
Author(s)
Xiaoyu (Sara) Yang, Pedatsur Neta, Yuri Mirokhin, Dmitrii V. Tchekhovskoi, Concepcion Remoroza, Meghan Burke Harris, Yuxue Liang, Sanford Markey, Stephen E. Stein
Annotating product ion peaks in tandem mass spectra is essential for evaluating spectral quality and validating peptide identification. This task is more complex for glycopeptides and is crucial for the confident determination of glycosylation sites in
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