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Fire

Fire risk reduction

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Displaying 151 - 175 of 204

Risk-Informed Performance-Based Design Concepts and Framework

March 31, 2015

Author(s)

Brian J. Meacham, Alberto Alvarez-Rodriguez

A new framework for a risk-informed performance-based approach to fire safety analysis and design has been proposed. It is structured around a paradigm in which the performance analysis is conducted relative to the performance of a building-occupant system

The Use of Elevators for Evacuation in Fire Emergencies in International Buildings

July 21, 2014

Author(s)

Max T. Kinateder, Hidemi Omori, Erica D. Kuligowski

The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of elevator evacuation from high-rise buildings with a focus on the safety of mobility impaired occupants. It addresses the specifics of elevator evacuation as well as relevant building codes and its

High Pressure Release and Dispersion of Hydrogen in a Partially Enclosed Compartment : Effect of Natural and Forced Ventilation

September 2, 2013

Author(s)

Kuldeep R. Prasad, Thomas G. Cleary, Jiann C. Yang

The study of compressed hydrogen release from high-pressure storage systems has practical application for hydrogen and fuel cell technologies. Such releases may occur either due to accidental damage to a storage tank or connecting piping, or due to failure

Evaluation of Firepots and Gel Fuels

April 5, 2013

Author(s)

Nathan D. Marsh

The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) has identified a fire and burn hazard associated with a class of products often referred to as firepots , resulting in 2 deaths and 114 injuries as of August 31, 2012. The essential feature of this product

Protective performance of environmentally stressed fabrics containing melamine fiber blends

January 12, 2013

Author(s)

Shonali Nazare, Shaun M. Flynn, Rick D. Davis, Joannie W. Chin

In this study, environmentally stressed OS fabrics containing melamine fiber blends were evaluated for thermal and mechanical properties that are critical to the protective performance of firefighter turnout gear. Environmental stress factors that affect

Motorcoach Tire Fires  Passenger Compartment Penetration, Tenability, Mitigation, and Material Performance

September 27, 2012

Author(s)

Erik L. Johnsson, Jiann C. Yang

Full-scale fire experiments were conducted at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to investigate tire fire interactions with the passenger compartment of a motorcoach. A burner was designed to imitate the frictional heating of hub and

Summary and Conclusions of a Workshop on Quantifying the Contribution of Flaming Residential Upholstered Furniture to Fire (NIST TN 1757) Losses in the United States

September 17, 2012

Author(s)

William M. Pitts

This report summarizes a workshop entitled "Quantifying the Contribution of Flaming Residential Upholstered Furniture to Fire Losses in the United States" that was held at the National Institute of Standards of Technology on March 22-23, 2012. The workshop

Experimental Study on Tire Fire Penetration into a Motorcoach Passenger Compartment

September 13, 2012

Author(s)

Erik L. Johnsson, Jiann C. Yang

Two full-scale fire experiments were conducted to determine the mode of penetration of a tire fire into the passenger compartment of a motorcoach. A special burner was designed to imitate the frictional heating of hub and wheel metal caused by failed axle

Comparing the Performance of Residential Fire Sprinklers with Other Life Safety Technologies

September 1, 2012

Author(s)

David T. Butry

Residential fire sprinklers have long proven themselves as life safety technologies to the fire service community. Only until recently have they shown to be cost-effective for homeowners, as installation costs have fallen and performance increased. While

Cable Heat Release, Ignition, and Spread in Tray Installations during Fire (CHRISTIFIRE): Phase 1 - Horizontal Trays

July 11, 2012

Author(s)

Kevin B. McGrattan, Andrew J. Lock, Nathan D. Marsh, Marc R. Nyden

This report documents the first phase of a multi-year program called CHRISTIFIRE (Cable Heat Release, Ignition, and Spread in Tray Installations during Fire). The overall goal of the program is to quantify the burning characteristics of grouped electrical

Characterizing Heat Release Rate Transients

April 26, 2012

Author(s)

Rodney A. Bryant, Erik L. Johnsson, George W. Mulholland

A series of experiments was performed to characterize the time response of a large-scale open calorimeter to square-wave pulses in terms of peak heat release rate, width of the peak, and conservation of energy. Quantitative heat release rate measurements

Motorcoach Flammability Project Final Report: Tire Fires - Passenger Compartment Penetration, Tenability, Mitigation, and Material Performance

January 27, 2012

Author(s)

Erik L. Johnsson, Jiann C. Yang

Full scale fire experiments were conducted at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to investigate tire fire interactions with the passenger compartment of a motorcoach. A burner was designed to imitate the frictional heating of hub and

Alternate Smoldering Ignition Sources: A Literature Review with Analysis

October 1, 2011

Author(s)

Richard G. Gann, Amanda P. Robbins

Current existing and proposed U.S. flammability standards for soft furnishings such as mattresses and upholstered furniture specify a standard cigarette as the ignition source in smoldering resistance performance tests. With the prevalence of reduced