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Buildings & Construction

Energy efficiency

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Displaying 101 - 125 of 560

CONTAM User Guide and Program Documentation Version 3.4

August 3, 2020

Author(s)

William Stuart Dols, Brian Polidoro

This manual describes the computer program CONTAM version 3.4, developed by NIST. CONTAM is a multizone indoor air quality and ventilation analysis program designed to help determine airflows, contaminant concentrations, and occupant exposure in buildings

A Side-by-Side Energy Use Comparison of a Variable-Speed Small Duct High Velocity and Two-Stage Conventional Ducted Heat Pump in a Net-Zero Energy Home

July 6, 2020

Author(s)

William V. Payne, Brian P. Dougherty

Two air-source, split system heat pumps were installed in a residential, net-zero energy home that was constructed as a laboratory on the campus of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Gaithersburg, Maryland USA. The first heat pump

Technology Development and Field Monitoring in nZEB

July 1, 2020

Author(s)

Vance (Wm.) Payne, Brian P. Dougherty

The International Energy Agency (IEA) Heat Pumping Technologies (HPT) Annex 49, "Design and Integration of Heat Pumps for Nearly Zero Energy Buildings," deals with the application of heat pumps as a core component of the HVAC system for nearly or net-zero

Effect of IF-WS2 Nanolubricant on R134a Boiling on a Reentrant Cavity Surface

June 24, 2020

Author(s)

Mark A. Kedzierski, Lingnan Lin

Flammable Refrigerant Safety

April 22, 2020

Author(s)

Gregory T. Linteris, Peter Sunderland

Most refrigerants currently in use have relatively high Global Warming Potential (GWP). For example, the GWPs of R-134a and R-410a are 1300 and 2088. Leaks to the atmosphere are common – typically about 10% of the total charge annually. This has motivated

Energy-Efficient SWIPT-Empowered D2D ModeSelection

April 16, 2020

Author(s)

Hamid Gharavi

While mode selection has been envisioned as the most cost-effective way to address the interference issue in Device-to-Device (D2D) communications, existing works have been largely conducted without consideration of the energy depletion of devices. In this

Energy Price Indices and Discount Factors for Life-Cycle Cost Analysis - 2020 Annual Supplement to NIST Handbook 135

April 9, 2020

Author(s)

Priya Lavappa, Joshua D. Kneifel

Flame Propagation in the Mixtures of O2/N2 Oxidizer with Fluorinated Propene Refrigerants (CH2CFCF3, CHFCHCF3, CH2CHCF3)

February 21, 2020

Author(s)

Gregory T. Linteris, Valeri I. Babushok, Michael Hegetschweiler, Donald R. Burgess Jr.

A kinetic model is presented for high temperature oxidation and combustion of the refrigerants: 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234yf), 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)) and 3,3,3- trifluoropropene (R-1243zf). The kinetic model is based on: GRI-Mech

A Residential Energy Control Algorithm Assessment Tool for Smart Grid: Multi-Criteria Decision Making Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process

February 18, 2020

Author(s)

Farhad Omar

For homes to become active participants in a smart grid, intelligent control algorithms are needed to facilitate autonomous interactions that take homeowner preferences into consideration. Many control algorithms for demand response have been proposed in

Charge Optimization for a CO2 Ground-Source Air Conditioner (GSAC)

February 5, 2020

Author(s)

Harrison M. Skye

N/A

Quantifying the Impact of Housing Interventions on Indoor Air Quality And Energy Consumption Using Coupled Simulation Models

January 20, 2020

Author(s)

Lindsay J. Underhill, William Stuart Dols, Sharon Lee, M. P. Fabian, Jonathan I. Levy

While residential energy and ventilation standards aim to improve the energy performance and indoor air quality (IAQ) of homes, their combined impact across diverse residential activities and housing environments has not been well-established. In this

Characterization of Residential Air Distribution System Performance for Thermal Comfort

December 3, 2019

Author(s)

Hyojin Kim, Khiem Nguyen, Anne McGuinness, Toan V. Dai

Despite broad recognition that air distribution plays an important role in comfort for residential buildings, previous efforts to evaluate and characterize the performance of residential air distribution systems have largely focused on their impact on the

Using co-simulation between EnergyPlus and CONTAM to develop IAQ and energy-centric demand-controlled ventilation systems

October 16, 2019

Author(s)

Maria Alonso, William Stuart Dols, Hans M. Mathisen

Buildings account for approximately 40 % of energy use in the European Union. In light of the Energy performance of buildings directive (EPBD), efforts are underway to reduce this energy use by targeting zero or nearly zero emissions/energy buildings (nZEB

Laboratory Tests of a Prototype Carbon Dioxide Ground-Source Air Conditioner

October 7, 2019

Author(s)

Harrison M. Skye, Wei Wu

CO2 is an attractive refrigerant option for ground-source heat pumps (GSHPs) because is it environmentally friendly with low global warming potential (GWP = 1) and no ozone depletion potential (ODP). The cycle efficiency is also important for a

Pool Boiling of R515A, R1234ze(E), and R1233zd(E) on a Reentrant Cavity Surface; Extensive Measurement and Analysis

September 19, 2019

Author(s)

Mark A. Kedzierski, Lingnan Lin

Building Industry Reporting and Design for Sustainability (BIRDS) Commercial Database Technical Manual: Update

September 3, 2019

Author(s)

Joshua D. Kneifel, Eric G. O'Rear, Shannon A. Grubb, Anne L. Greig, Sangwon Suh

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